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Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Rajesh Bardale MD Department of Forensic Medicine Government Medical College and Hospital Nagpur (Maharashtra), India JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • Panama City • London Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Rajesh Bardale MD Department of Forensic Medicine Government Medical College and Hospital Nagpur (Maharashtra), India JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • Panama City • London ® Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Headquarter Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] Overseas Offices J.P. Medical Ltd., Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc. 83 Victoria Street London City of Knowledge, Bld. 237, Clayton Dedicated to SW1H 0HW (UK) Panama City, Panama Phone: +44-2031708910 Phone: 507-317-0160 My Wife Sheetal and Fax: +02-03-0086180 Fax: +50-73-010499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Daughter Tanaya Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2011, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the publisher. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] This book has been published in good faith that the contents provided by the author contained herein are original, and is intended for educational purposes only. While every effort is made to ensure a accuracy of information, the publisher and the author specifically disclaim any damage, liability, or loss incurred, directly or indirectly, from the use or application of any of the contents of this work. If not specifically stated, all figures and tables are courtesy of the authors. Where appropriate, the readers should consult with a specialist or contact the manufacturer of the drug or device. Publisher: Jitendar P Vij Publishing Director: Tarun Duneja Editor: Richa Saxena Cover Design: Seema Dogra Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology First Edition: 2011 ISBN 978-93-5025-493-6 Printed at: ® Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. Headquarter Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] Overseas Offices J.P. Medical Ltd., Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc. 83 Victoria Street London City of Knowledge, Bld. 237, Clayton Dedicated to SW1H 0HW (UK) Panama City, Panama Phone: +44-2031708910 Phone: 507-317-0160 My Wife Sheetal and Fax: +02-03-0086180 Fax: +50-73-010499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Daughter Tanaya Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2011, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the publisher. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] This book has been published in good faith that the contents provided by the author contained herein are original, and is intended for educational purposes only. While every effort is made to ensure a accuracy of information, the publisher and the author specifically disclaim any damage, liability, or loss incurred, directly or indirectly, from the use or application of any of the contents of this work. If not specifically stated, all figures and tables are courtesy of the authors. Where appropriate, the readers should consult with a specialist or contact the manufacturer of the drug or device. Publisher: Jitendar P Vij Publishing Director: Tarun Duneja Editor: Richa Saxena Cover Design: Seema Dogra Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology First Edition: 2011 ISBN 978-93-5025-493-6 Printed at: Preface It is with great pleasure that I am presenting the book, Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. The book is primarily designed for undergraduates and presented in a simple and lucid language. For ease of students, conventional pattern has been modified whenever feasible and the contents are presented in point-wise manner. About 337 tables and about 638 photographs and flow charts are added for easy understanding and learning. Keeping with contemporary period, recent advances are included. A new chapter, Forensic Osteology, is added and aimed to cater theoretical and practical need of students. Latest trends in management of poisoned patients have been included. While preparing this textbook, I have consulted various textbooks and journals and I am indebted to these authors. I hope this book will serve the purpose and help students to learn the subject in easy way. The suggestions and healthy criticism will be of immense help for future improvement of this book. Rajesh Bardale E-mail: [email protected] Preface It is with great pleasure that I am presenting the book, Principles of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. The book is primarily designed for undergraduates and presented in a simple and lucid language. For ease of students, conventional pattern has been modified whenever feasible and the contents are presented in point-wise manner. About 337 tables and about 638 photographs and flow charts are added for easy understanding and learning. Keeping with contemporary period, recent advances are included. A new chapter, Forensic Osteology, is added and aimed to cater theoretical and practical need of students. Latest trends in management of poisoned patients have been included. While preparing this textbook, I have consulted various textbooks and journals and I am indebted to these authors. I hope this book will serve the purpose and help students to learn the subject in easy way. The suggestions and healthy criticism will be of immense help for future improvement of this book. Rajesh Bardale E-mail: [email protected] Acknowledgments It is not possible to accomplish such enduring job without the help of innumerable people; indeed many give the indispen- sable impulsion to proceed with the task. This is small way to express a deep sense of gratitude towards them. • I gratefully acknowledge Prof Dr VV Pillay MD, DCL (Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology and Chief, Department of Analytical Toxicology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Cochin, Kerala) since he has been great source of inspiration to undertake this task. Probably without such inspiration, I would not have undertaken such work. • I am indebted to my revered teacher and guide, Prof Dr AP Dongre MD, LLB (former Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur), Dean, IGGMC, Nagpur for his valuable support. • I am obliged to Prof Dr PG Dixit MD (FMT), MD (Path), PGDMLS (Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his valuable support, constant encouragement and providing photographs. • I am indebted to Prof Dr SS Gupta MD (Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, SBH Government Medical College, Dhule) for nurturing me while learning. He always remains helpful whenever I was in need. • I am indebted to Prof Dr HT Katade MD (FMT), MD (Path) (formerly Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Akola) Dean, GMC, Akola for his unrelenting help and constant encouragement. • I am grateful to Dr Shailendra Dhawane MD, DNB (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, VN Government Medical College, Yavatmal) and Dr AA Mukherjee, MD (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Akola), the duo, without whom the endeavor have never seen the light of day. • I am indebted to Dr Manish Shrigiriwar MD (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his help, support and providing photographs. • I am indebted to Dr Vipul Ambade MD, LLB (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his help and providing photographs. • I am thankful to Dr Vaibhav Sonar MD (Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, GMC, Miraj) for his constant help and providing photographs. • I am thankful to Shri Jitendar P Vij, Chairman and Managing Director, M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi for believing me and encouraging me to go ahead with the project. I am thankful to Mr Tarun Duneja (Director-Publishing) and his entire editorial team for kind co-operation and nice printing of the book. I am also thankful to Mr Prasun Bhattacharjee and his team members of Nagpur branch for rendering help. • I express my sincere gratitude to the authors/writers/editors of the various textbooks and journals whose references have been cited in the text. • Finally, I express my deep sense of gratitude and acknowledgment to my wife Sheetal and daughter Tanaya in accomplishing the task. They have been very enduring, cooperative and stood by me through all the odds. Acknowledgments It is not possible to accomplish such enduring job without the help of innumerable people; indeed many give the indispen- sable impulsion to proceed with the task. This is small way to express a deep sense of gratitude towards them. • I gratefully acknowledge Prof Dr VV Pillay MD, DCL (Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology and Chief, Department of Analytical Toxicology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Cochin, Kerala) since he has been great source of inspiration to undertake this task. Probably without such inspiration, I would not have undertaken such work. • I am indebted to my revered teacher and guide, Prof Dr AP Dongre MD, LLB (former Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur), Dean, IGGMC, Nagpur for his valuable support. • I am obliged to Prof Dr PG Dixit MD (FMT), MD (Path), PGDMLS (Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his valuable support, constant encouragement and providing photographs. • I am indebted to Prof Dr SS Gupta MD (Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, SBH Government Medical College, Dhule) for nurturing me while learning. He always remains helpful whenever I was in need. • I am indebted to Prof Dr HT Katade MD (FMT), MD (Path) (formerly Professor and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Akola) Dean, GMC, Akola for his unrelenting help and constant encouragement. • I am grateful to Dr Shailendra Dhawane MD, DNB (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, VN Government Medical College, Yavatmal) and Dr AA Mukherjee, MD (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Akola), the duo, without whom the endeavor have never seen the light of day. • I am indebted to Dr Manish Shrigiriwar MD (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his help, support and providing photographs. • I am indebted to Dr Vipul Ambade MD, LLB (Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College, Nagpur) for his help and providing photographs. • I am thankful to Dr Vaibhav Sonar MD (Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, GMC, Miraj) for his constant help and providing photographs. • I am thankful to Shri Jitendar P Vij, Chairman and Managing Director, M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi for believing me and encouraging me to go ahead with the project. I am thankful to Mr Tarun Duneja (Director-Publishing) and his entire editorial team for kind co-operation and nice printing of the book. I am also thankful to Mr Prasun Bhattacharjee and his team members of Nagpur branch for rendering help. • I express my sincere gratitude to the authors/writers/editors of the various textbooks and journals whose references have been cited in the text. • Finally, I express my deep sense of gratitude and acknowledgment to my wife Sheetal and daughter Tanaya in accomplishing the task. They have been very enduring, cooperative and stood by me through all the odds.