Postcommunist Film - Russia, Eastern Europe and World Culture: Moving Images of Post-Communism PDF
Preview Postcommunist Film - Russia, Eastern Europe and World Culture: Moving Images of Post-Communism
Postcommunist Film – Russia, Eastern Europe and World Culture A postcommunistcondition was created through the fall of the Berlin Wall and latertheSovietEmpire,andthisbooklooksathowthisconditionhasmanifested itself globally in the production of postcommunist film. It deals with different nationalcinemasanddissimilarcinematicmodes,fromRussianblockbustercin- ematoChineseindependentcinema,fromSerbiancityfilmstorevolutionaryfilms of Mozambique, all formulated within the postcommunist condition. Attempt- ing to illustrate history’s role in the formation of the postcommunist film, the bookaimsatmovingthenotionofpostcommunistfilmawayfromanexclusively geographical foundation and into the realm of transnational cinema and World cinema. Seeking to describe how postcommunism is a shared experience on a geopolitical level and not limited by the borders of national states, it examines postcommunist cross-culturalism and the rise of a global totalitarianism within film. The chapters explore a wide range of films in relation to the postcommu- nist era, fromsmall andlow-budgetfilmmakingto mainstream,popularcinema, and explainpostcommunistsignifiersas manifestedin visualcultureboth inside andoutsideformer,andcurrent,communistcountries.Thecontributorsconsistof youngemergingscholars;predominantlyfromfilmandmediastudies,aswellas morewell-knownnameswithinthefieldofEasternEuropeancinema. LarsKristensenisaResearchAssistantattheSchoolofJournalism,Mediaand Communication,UniversityofCentralLancashire,UK. Routledge Contemporary Russia andEastern Europe Series 1 LiberalNationalisminCentral 8 TheDevelopmentofCapitalism Europe inRussia StefanAuer SimonClarke 2 Civil-MilitaryRelationsin 9 RussianTelevisionToday RussiaandEasternEurope PrimetimeDramaandComedy DavidJ.Betz DavidMacFadyen 3 TheExtremeNationalistThreat 10 TheRebuildingofGreater inRussia Russia TheGrowingInfluenceofWestern Putin’sForeignPolicytowardsthe RightistIdeas CISCountries ThomasParland BertilNygren 4 EconomicDevelopmentin 11 ARussianFactoryEntersthe Tatarstan MarketEconomy GlobalMarketsandaRussian ClaudioMorrison Region LeoMcCann 12 DemocracyBuildingand CivilSocietyinPost-Soviet 5 AdaptingtoRussia’sNew Armenia LabourMarket ArmineIshkanian GenderandEmploymentStrategy EditedbySarahAshwin 13 NATO-RussiaRelationsinthe Twenty-FirstCentury 6 BuildingDemocracyandCivil AurelBraun SocietyEastoftheElbe EssaysinHonourofEdmund 14 RussianMilitaryReform Mokrzycki AFailedExerciseinDefence EditedbySvenEliaeson DecisionMaking CarolinaVendilPallin 7 TheTelengitsofSouthern Siberia 15 TheMultilateralDimensionin Landscape,Religionand RussianForeignPolicy KnowledgeinMotion EditedbyElanaWilsonRoweand AgnieszkaHalemba StinaTorjesen 16 RussianNationalismandthe 25 TheHeritageofSovietOriental NationalReassertionofRussia Studies EditedbyMarlèneLaruelle EditedbyMichaelKemperand StephanConermann 17 TheCaucasus–An Introduction 26 ReligionandLanguagein FrederikCoene Post-SovietRussia 18 RadicalIslamintheFormer BrianP.Bennett SovietUnion 27 JewishWomenWritersinthe EditedbyGalinaM.Yemelianova SovietUnion 19 Russia’sEuropeanAgendaand RinaLapidus theBalticStates JaninaŠleivytë 28 ChineseMigrantsinRussia, CentralAsiaandEastern 20 RegionalDevelopmentin Europe CentralandEasternEurope EditedbyFelixB.Changand DevelopmentProcessesand SunnieT.Rucker-Chang PolicyChallenges EditedbyGrzegorzGorzelak, 29 Poland’sEUAccession JohnBachtlerand SergiuszTrzeciak MaciejSmêtkowski 30 TheRussianArmedForcesin 21 RussiaandEurope Transition ReachingAgreements,Digging Economic,Geopoliticaland Trenches InstitutionalUncertainties KjellEngelbrektand EditedbyRogerN.McDermott, BertilNygren BertilNygrenand 22 Russia’sSkinheads CarolinaVendilPallin ExploringandRethinking 31 TheReligiousFactorinRussia’s SubculturalLives ForeignPolicy HilaryPilkington, AlicjaCuranoviæ ElenaOmel’chenkoand Al’binaGarifzianova 32 PostcommunistFilm–Russia, 23 TheColourRevolutionsinthe EasternEuropeandWorld FormerSovietRepublics Culture SuccessesandFailures MovingImagesof EditedbyDonnachaÓBeacháin Postcommunism andAbelPolese EditedbyLarsLyngsgaard FjordKristensen 24 RussianMassMediaand ChangingValues 33 RussianMultinationals EditedbyArjaRosenholm, FromRegionalSupremacyto KaarleNordenstrengand GlobalLead ElenaTrubina AndreiPanibratov Postcommunist Film – Russia, Eastern Europe and World Culture Moving images of postcommunism Edited by Lars Kristensen Thiseditionpublished2012 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,Oxon,OX144RN SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness (cid:2)c 2012forselectionandeditorialmaterial,LarsKristensen.Individualchapters, thecontributors. Therightoftheeditortobeidentifiedastheauthoroftheeditorialmaterial, andoftheauthorsfortheirindividualchapters,hasbeenassertedinaccordance withsections77and78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproduced orutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans, nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording, orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublishers. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Kristensen,Lars. Postcommunistfilm:Russia,EasternEuropeandworldculture: movingimagesofpostcommunism/editedbyLarsLyngsgaardFjordKristensen. p.cm.–(RoutledgecontemporaryRussiaandEasternEuropeseries) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. 1.Motionpictures–Socialaspects–Russia(Federation) 2.Motionpictures–Politicalaspects–Russia(Federation) 3.Motionpictures–Socialaspects–Europe,Eastern. 4.Motionpictures–Politicalaspects–Europe,Eastern. 5.Post-communism–Socialaspects–Russia(Federation) 6.Post-communism–Socialaspects–Europe,Eastern. I.Kristensen,LarsLyngsgaardFjord. PN1993.5.R9P652012 302.23’430947–dc23 2011032405 ISBN13:978-0-415-67164-4(hbk) ISBN13:978-0-203-13115-2(ebk) TypesetinTimesNewRomanbySunriseSettingLtd,Torquay,UK Contents Figures ix Foreword x Acknowledgements xiii Notesoncontributors xiv Introduction 1 LARSKRISTENSEN PART I Culturalstrategies,industryandreception 11 1 Nationalidentityinpost-9/11transnationalcinema 13 JASMIJNVANGORP 2 Balticcinema 24 ZOEAIANO 3 BelgradeasNewYork 35 VLASTIMIRSUDAR 4 ‘Haven’tyouheardofinternationalism?’ 53 ROSGRAY 5 Theremainsofsocialistrealism 75 LARSKRISTENSEN 6 SpottingtheeagleonAnglophoneturf 89 BRUCEWILLIAMS PART II People,placeandnation 105 viii Contents 7 Demolish,preserveorbeautify 107 EWAMAZIERSKA 8 Treadingnewpaths 121 SUNEBECHMANNPEDERSEN 9 ThecrimethatchangedSerbia 134 NEVENADAKOVIC´ 10 Projectednationandprojectedself 143 YUN-HUACHEN 11 Truancy,orthoughtfromtheprovinces 154 YÜNPENG 12 RepresentationsofformerUSSRandEasternEuropean identityinTurkishcinema 171 SERAZERPEKERMAN References 183 Index 194 Figures 3.1 RatkoDraževic´(firstfromright)talkingtoKirkDouglas(tohis left)inBelgrade,1964 39 4.1 Mobilecinemaunit,fromtheKuxakanemanewsreel 65 4.2 PosterforJoséCardoso’sOVentosopredonorte(1987) 68 4.3 ThefilmcrewforLicínioAzevedo’sAdeusRDA(1992)confronts agroupofneo-NazisinrecentlyunifiedGermany 70 4.4 WilsonBuyayaasIdrissainOktyabr(1993) 71 6.1 PosterforKujtimÇashku’sMagicEye 91 6.2 BujarLakoandArtaDobroshiinÇashku’sMagicEye 97 6.3 YllkaMujoandMevlanShanajinShanaj’sBlackFlowers 100 7.1 SvetlanaKhodchenkovaasVerainLittleMoscow(2008) 110 7.2 SvetlanaKhodchenkovaasVeraandLesławZ˙urekasMichałin LittleMoscow(2008) 111 7.3 MałgorzataBuczkowskaasAgaandBarbaraKurzajasDankain OdetoJoy(2005) 114 8.1 Udo(WolfgangStumph)fixinghiscarfrom‘theolddays’ 124 8.2 Rita(MarieGruber)shoppingintheWest 126 8.3 Radek(RadekPastrnˇák)strugglestocourtAnna(Anna Geislerová)inJízda(TheRide)1994 128 8.4 AdorablecountrysideinJízda(TheRide)1994 129 Foreword Global narratives of postcommunism Dina Iordanova Everythingthattookplaceafter1989inEasternEuropeandbeyondcanbesub- sumed underthe categoryof changemanagement.The dissolution of the Soviet Unionand Yugoslaviaand their respectiveconflicts of succession,the reunifica- tionofGermany,theeconomiccrises,thesignificantoutmigration,theadmission ofsomenations–oldandnew–intotheEuropeanUnion,thealienationofoth- ers, and so on – all were consequences of one of the most wide-ranging social upheavalsofthelatterpartofthetwentiethcentury.Thestatesocialistorderhad failed to deliver.A softrevolution,shapedby expectationsof reinvigorationand based on hopes for rapid reinvention and prosperity, gave impetus to massive changeacrossterritoriesandcontinents. Duringtheyearsofcommunism,lifeinEasternEuropehadbeenmarkedbythe anticipationofchange.ItwascleartothosetrappedintheconfinesoftheEastern Blocthatitwaslikelytheywouldhavetomakeimportantchoicessometimesoon; astimepassed,thesignalssuggestingthatthesystemcouldnotpossiblysurvive without rupture intensified. While a breakthroughwas awaited, however, it was difficulttopredictpreciselywhenandinwhatshapeitwouldarrive. Intheaftermath,itgraduallytranspiredthatwithintheEasternBlocpeoplehad behaveddifferentlyintheiranticipationofcommunism’send:somehadactively worked to bring it about, some had tried to figure out in which direction things were likely to take off, while others had no more than a vague idea about what theirlivesweretobecome.Individuals,organizationsandcountriesmanagedthe changedifferently.The behaviorof nationstates oftenresembledthe conductof individuals: some were better equipped for the change; others were caught by surprisewhenitcame. Thereisnouniversallyagreedupon,masternarrativeofthedevelopmentsthat took place in the aftermath of communism.One way of telling the story was to maintain that, once liberated from the iron grip of the Soviets, the countries of Eastern Europe finally took to the path of free capitalism and democracy and managed to progress, soon rejoining the rest of Europe, where they had always belonged,historicallyandculturally.Anotheraccount–onemorefrequentlyseen infilms–offeredmoreambivalentinterpretations,oftenkeepingthefocusonthe highhumancostofthetransition.
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