Physiology of fitness : prescribing exercise for fitness, weight control, and health

388 Pages·1984·44.97 MB·English

by  Brian J Sharkey

Second
Edition
OF
PHYSIOLOGY
FITNESS
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BRIAN
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SECOND EDITION
PHYSIOLOGY
OF
FITNESS
Digitized by the Internet Archive
2012
in
http://archive.org/details/physiologyoffitnOOshar
SECOND EDITION
PHYSIOLOGY
OF
FITNESS
Prescribing Exercise for Fitness,
Weight Control, and Health
Brian J. Sharkey, PhD
Human Performance Laboratory
University of Montana
Human
Kinetics Publishers, Inc.
Champaign, Illinois
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Sharkey, Brian J.
Physiology offitness.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Sports-Physiological aspects. 2. Physical fitness.
—
3. Exercise Physiological aspects. I. Title.
RC1235.S52 1984 613.7 84-3850
ISBN 0-931250-66-8
Production Director: Kathryn Gollin Marshak
Copy Editor: Susan K. Wilmoth, PhD
Typesetting: Sandra Meier and Yvonne Sergent
Text Layout: Lezli Harris
Cover Design and Layout: Jack Davis
Opening photographs for Parts 4 and 5 courtesy of Courier-News, by Kathy Johnson.
ISBN: 0-931250-66-8
Copyright © 1984, 1979 by Brian J. Sharkey
All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization ofthis work in
anyformorbyanyelectronic, mechanical, orothermeans, nowknownorhereafterinvented,
including xerography, photocopying, and recording, and in any information storage and
retrieval system, is forbidden without the written permission ofthe publisher.
Printed in the United States ofAmerica
98765432
10
Human
Kinetics Publishers, Inc.
Box 5076, Champaign, IL 61820
To Barbara
The perfect companion
for the long run.

Contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Introduction 1
The Study of Fitness, 2
The Meanings of Fitness, 2
The Active Lifestyle, 4
PART AEROBIC FITNESS
1
Chapter Understanding Aerobic Fitness 9
1
Intensity of Aerobic Exercise, 10
Measurement of Aerobic Fitness, 11
Factors Influencing Aerobic Fitness, 12
Chapter2 Aerobic Fitness: The Training Effect 18
Training Studies, 19
Respiration and Oxygen Transport, 19
Heart and Circulation, 20
Muscle Fibers, 22
Specificity of Training, 22
Nervous System, 23
Hormones, 24
Endorphins, 26
Body Composition, 26
Bones, Ligaments, and Tendons, 27
Implications, 29
vii
Contents
viji
Chapter3 Prescriptions forAerobic Fitness 31
Intensity of Exercise, 32
Duration of Exercise, 36
Frequency of Exercise, 37
Modes of Training, 38
Optimal Fitness, 42
An Aerobic Training Program, 45
Medical Examination, 51
PART2 MUSCULAR FITNESS 53
Chapter4 Understanding Muscular Fitness 55
Primary Components of Muscular Fitness, 55
Other Components of Muscular Fitness, 60
Chapter5 Muscular Fitness: The Training Effect 64
Strength and Endurance Training, 64
Flexibility, 69
Speed and Power, 71
Chapter6 Prescriptions for Muscular Fitness 73
Strength, 73
Advanced Strength Training, 77
Endurance, 78
Speed and Power, 80
Minimum Muscular Fitness, 81
PART3 FITNESSAND WEIGHT CONTROL 83
Chapter7 Energy Balance 85
Energy Intake, 85
Energy Expenditure, 86
Energy Balance, 89
Overweight and Obesity, 90
Chapter8 Exercise, Fitness, and Weight Control 98
The Effects of Exercise, 98
Fitness and Fat, 101