Table Of Content

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation i Board Review ii Physical Medicine and iii Rehabilitation Board Review Fourth Edition Edited by Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD Professor and Chairman Residency Program Director Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Physician in Chief HMH Rehabilitation Care Transformation Services, Medical Director and Vice President HMH JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute Edison, New Jersey Associate Editor Joseph Lee, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Hempstead, New York Assistant Editor Leslie Bagay, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Assistant Director, Residency Program Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School HMH JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute Edison, New Jersey The editor and publisher wish to acknowledge and thank the artists and photographers that iv have contributed their work to this and previous editions: photographers Al Garcia and George Higgins, and illustrators Heather L. Platt, Jing Liang, and Sagar Parikh. Visit our website at www.springerpub.com and http://connect.springerpub.com/home ISBN: 978-0-8261-3456-1 ebook ISBN: 978-0-8261-3457-8 DOI: 10.1891/9780826134578 Acquisitions Editor: Beth Barry Compositor: diacriTech Copyright © 2020 Springer Publishing Company, LLC. Demos Medical Publishing is an imprint of Springer Publishing Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Medicine is an ever-changing science. Research and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our understanding of proper treatment and drug therapy. 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Printed in the United States of America. 19 20 21 22 / 5 4 3 2 1 ASSOCIATE/ASSISTANT EDITORS Joseph Lee, MD Associate Editor Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Hempstead, New York Leslie Bagay, MD Assistant Editor Clinical Assistant Professor Assistant Director, Residency Program Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School HMH JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute Edison, New Jersey I dedicate this book to two of the most v important people in my life who have passed on: My wonderful father, Pasquale Cuccurullo; his love, support, and encouragement are deeply missed since he passed away from lung cancer in 2004. Also, my dear friend, Kathy Wong, MD. The spirit, integrity, and grace she brought to her patients and the field of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is greatly missed since she died of breast cancer at the young age of 36. This book is also dedicated to: My husband Alec, my loving partner in life; My four children Michelle, Alexander, Amanda, and Nicholas, who are the joys of my life; My mother, Connie, my support system throughout my entire life; My mentors and teachers, especially Dr. Thomas E. Strax, my inspiration in all aspects of medicine, both clinical and academic, and Dr. Ernest W. Johnson, my encouragement to take on a challenge; And the residents of the JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute Residency Program, whose hunger for knowledge inspired the concept of this review book. It is only because of the support and encouragement of these people that this project could be completed. vi CONTENTS vii Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Contributors Introduction: Board Certification, Kathryn Eckert, DO 1. STROKE Richard D. Zorowitz, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD, Talya Fleming, MD, and Stephanie Chan, MD Introduction Basic Neuroanatomical Review of the Major Vessels Involved in Stroke Types of Stroke Diagnostic Studies Medical Treatment Stroke Rehabilitation 2. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Elie Elovic, MD, Edgardo Baerga, MD, Sara J. Cuccurullo, MD, Christine Greiss, DO, Alphonsa Thomas, DO, Jaime Levine, DO, and Richard J. Malone, DO Introduction Pathophysiology of TBI Disorders of Consciousness Posturing Secondary to Head Injury Prognosis After TBI: An Evidence-Based Approach Medical Management of TBI Surgical Management in TBI Medical and Neurologic Complications After TBI Mild TBI (Concussion) and Postconcussive Syndrome CNS Conditions Secondary to HIV