Pappognatha Mickel (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae: Sphaeropthalminae): new species, sex associations, hosts, and new distribution records

2005·4.3 MB·English

by  Diomedes Quintero A.

HYM. RES.
I.
Vol. 14(2), 2005, pp. 191-199
Pappognatha Mickel (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae: Sphaeropthalminae):
New Species, Sex Associations, Hosts, and New Distribution Records
DlOMEDES QUINTERO A.* AND ROBERTO A. CAMBRA T.
Museo de Invertebrados G. B. Fairchild, Estafeta Universitaria 0824, Universidad de Panama,
Panama, Rep. de Panama. *Author for correspondence: [email protected]
—
Abstract. Two new species ofPappognatha are described: P.panamensis Quintero and Cambra,
male and female, from Panama, and P. peruana Quintero and Cambra, male, from Peru. The
previouslyunknownmalesofPappognatha myrmiciformis (Cameron, 1897)andPappognathapatruelis
(Andre, 1898) are described, bodies and genitalia are illustrated. Pappognatha patruelis is reported
as a parasitoid of Euglossa sp. (Apidae). New country records are presented for the followingfour
species: P. speciosa Mickel, 1939, Colombia and Ecuador, previously known from Peru; P. egregia
Mickel, 1939, Colombia and Ecuador, previously known from Brazil; P. obliqua Mickel, 1939, Peru,
previously known from Brazil; P. myrmiciformis, Honduras, previously known from Panama and
Costa Rica. Honduras represents the northernmost distribution record forthis Neotropicalgenus.
Pappognatha Mickel, 1939, is a Neotrop- 7) in both sexes ofPappognatha is probably
ical genus of mutillid wasps, erected to an adaptation to tear open and exit the
comprise 13 species based on single-sex hard resin nests of Euglossa by the newly
descriptions: 11 known only from females eclosed adults.
and 2 from males. Males of Pappognatha Because of the great resemblance be-
are rare in collections, a total of five spec- tween P. myrmiciformis and the ant Cam-
imens having been reported in the litera- ponotus sericeiventris Guerin-Meneville
ture: two of P. obliqua Mickel, 1939, one of some authors (e.g. Wheeler 1983) assumed
P. carmo (Cresson, 1902), and two of Pap- erroneously that the mutillid was a para-
pognatha sp. (Quintero and Cambra 1996). sitoid or a brood parasite of that ant
Females are more common, but relatively (Brothers et ah 2000).
scarce in reference collections; only 50 fe- Mickel (1939) suggested two possible
male specimens with locality records have sex associations, based on distribution and
been cited in the literature (Mickel 1939, collection data: P. carmo (Cresson), proba-
Cambra and Quintero 1992, Yanega 1994, bly the male of P. Uinta (Mickel), from San-
Quintero and Cambra 1996). Pappognatha tarem, Brazil; and P. obliqua Mickel, prob-
larvae parasitize immature Euglossa bees ably the male of P. pertyi (Dalla Torre),
(Roubik 1989). Yanega (1994) reports two from Para, Brazil.
findings of Pappognatha myrmiciformis as a Here we describe two new species oi
parasitoid of Euglossa dodsoni Moure in Pappognatha; one of them being the first to
Costa Rica and one record of Pappognatha be described from both sexes. We also de-
speciosa Mickel as a parasitoid of Euglossa scribe the previously unknown males ofP.
intersecta Latreille that had nested inside patruelis (Andre, 1898) and P. myrmicifor-
an aerial termite nest in Iquitos, Peru. No mis (Cameron, 1897), and provide an illus-
additional hosts are known for Pappogua- trated key to the six species known from
tha and apparently their parasitism is re- males. We present four new country re-
stricted to bees of the genus Euglossa. The cords and the first host record for P. pa-
development ofstrong mandibles (Figs. 5- truclis. We have examined new material of
192 Journalof Hymenoptera Research
—
Pappognatha (46 females and 8 males), Diagnosis. Pappognatha is the only ge-
bringing the total of currently recorded nus of New World Mutillidae that has
Pappognatha to 94 females and 13 males. males and females with entirely tomen-
Acronyms for institutions where speci- tose mandibles, the tomentum consisting
mens are deposited are: American Muse- of short recumbent pubescence, except for
um of Natural History, New York the glabrous tips (Mickel 1939). Both sexes
(AMNH); Museo de Invertebrados G. B. have large quadrate heads, broader than
Fairchild, Universidad de Panama the mesosoma, black integument (except
(MIUP); Instituto Nacional de Biodiversi- T2 maculations in females) and are about
dad, Costa Rica (INBio). The abbreviations equal in body length (11-14 mm). The
T and S are used for tergum and sternum, males have parameres (Figs. 11, 12)
respectively. straight, broadest at the base, narrowing
towards the apex, triangular in lateral
Pappognatha Mickel view; volsella (Fig. 13) with cuspis stout,
Pappognatha Mickel 1939:330-331.Typespecies: broad and somewhat flattened, with
Mutilla pertyi Dalla Torre, 1897, by original rounded apex; digitus short and stout; pe-
designation. nis valve (Fig. 14) without preapical tooth.
KEY TO MALES OF PAPPOGNATHA MICKEL
1. Clypeus anterior margin broadly nasutiform, with median U-shaped emargination (Figs.
3, 4) 2
-. Clypeus with broad anterior projection, with either shallow concavity or V-shaped emar-
gination in the middle of anterior margin (Figs. 1,2) 5
2. Vertex mostly covered with sparseblack setae; clypeus middleemarginationaboutVaclyp-
eus length 3
-. Vertex mostly covered with sparse pale setae; clypeus middle emarginationdeeper, nearly
% clypeus length 4
3. Clypeus as in Fig. 3; mandible atbase with broad, triangular, laminar ventral process (Fig.
5); tibial spurs of mid- and hind legs brown; Central America myrmiciformis (Cameron)
-. Clypeus as in Fig. 4; mandible atbase with a broad, rounded, laminarventral process (Fig.
6); tibial spurs of mid- and hind legs pale; Brazil patruelis (Andre)
4. Mesosternum with distinct, slightly transverse tubercle in front of each middle coxa; an-
terolateral area of T2 with distinct spot of appressed, pale setae; Brazil carmo (Cresson)
-. Mesosternum with distinct, oblique ridge in front of each middle coxa, inner end ofridge
almost reaching the margin of coxal cavity; anterolateral areas of T2 with sparse, erect,
pale setae; Brazil, Peru obliqua Mickel
5. Clypeusanteriormarginwithshallowconcavity,withoutV-shapedemarginationmedially
(Fig. 1); mandible at base with broad, triangular, laminar ventral process (as in myr-
miciformis, Fig. 5); vertex and T3-4 with mostly black setae; dorsoanterior area of pro-
podeum withpalesetae,sculpturevisible; tibial spursofmid-andhind legsdarkbrown
to black; Panama panamensis n. sp.
Clypeus anterior margin convex, with shallow, V-shaped emargination medially (Fig. 2);
mandible atbase with reduced laminar ventral process (Fig. 7); vertex and T3-4 mostly
covered with dense, pale setae; dorsoanterior area of propodeum covered with very
ise pale setae, sculpture not visible; tibial spurs of mid- and hind legs pale; Peru . .
peruana n. sp.
Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 193
Ui
*i coxa. Legs: with pale setae, apical tarso-
mere produced into short lamellate plate
covering claw bases; tibial spurs of mid-
and hind legs dark brown to black. Wings
(as in Fig. 9) infuscated, except basal and
subbasal cells with clear area on basal
half; stigma poorly developed; marginal
cell large, truncate apically; two submar-
ginal cells and traces of a third (as in Fig.
9). Metasoma: with pale setae on: dorsal
face ofTl, lateral margin of T2, very small
Figs. 1-4. Pappognatha, maleclypeus,dorsalview. 1, lateral area of T3 and T4, all sterna except
panamensis. 2, peruana. 3, myrmiciformis. 4, patruelis. S7; black pubescence on: remainder of T2,
other terga, and S7; anterior face ofTl gla-
Pappognatha panamensis Quintero and brous, impunctate, with conspicuous me-
Cambra, n. sp. dial tooth on each lateral margin; T2 with
(Figs. 1, 11-14, 16) medium-sized punctures laterally, some-
what smaller at the posterior margin, disk
glabrous and with punctures scattered; T3
Pappognatha sp., female: Cambra and Quintero to T6 and S3 to S6 with dense, small punc-
(1992:473); Pappognatha n. sp., female: Yanega tures interspersed; S2 gibbose anteriorlyat
(1994).
— the middle, with sparse small punctures.
Male. Integument black. Head: very Parameres (Figs. 11, 12) broad atbase, nar-
large, quadrate, slightly broader than rowing toward apex, triangular in lateral
long; gena, frons, clypeus and mandible view, with dense large setae on basal two-
with pale setae; vertex with black setae; thirds of ventral margin; volsella (Fig. 13)
clypeus broadly concave on anterior mar- with cuspis stout, broad and somewhat
gin (Fig. 1); mandible at base with broad, flattened, with rounded apex, covered
triangular, laminar ventral process; flagel- with setae that are larger toward apex;
lomere I 1.5X as long as flagellomere II; digitus short, stout; penis valve as in Fig-
frons and vertex with medium-sized ure 14. Le—ngth: 10.5 mm.
punctures, most spaces between punc- Female. Integument black, except T2
tures usually equal to their diameter; ocel- with pair of yellow integumental spots.
li small, distance between inner eye mar- Head: frons, vertex and gena with black
gin and lateral ocellus approximately 6X setae, remainder with thin pale pubes-
greatest diameter of the latter. Mesosoma: cence and scattered, erect, pale setae; frons
with pale setae, except mesonotum, tegula and vertex densely, distinctly punctate;
and anterior half of scutellum with black gena with distinct, separated punctures.
setae; pronotum, mesonotum and scutel- Mesosoma: dorsum with black setae, ex-
lum with dense, closely-spaced punctures; cept anterior margin of pronotum with
propleuron with scattered, small punc- pale pubescence, mesonotum with broad,
tures; dorsal and ventral areas of meso- transverse band of pale pubescence inter-
pleuron convex, separated by deep rupted medially by very fine black pubes-
groove, elevated areas with medium-sized cence, propodeum with lateral pale-pu-
punctures, anterior and posterior areas bescent stripe, pleural areas entirely pale
practically impunctate; metapleuron im- pubescent; pronotum and mesonotum
punctate; propodeum reticulate; scutellum with medium-sized, closely-spaced punc-
convex; mesosternum with distinct pro- tures; propleuron with medium-sized,
tuberance or tubercle in front ofeach mid- separated punctures; meso- and metapleu-
194 Journal of Hymenoptera Research
ron almost smooth; side of propodeum (Dalla Torre) from Brazil but differs in the
with medium-sized, separated punctures. totally black vertex; the mesonotum with
Legs: hind tibia externally with series of a broad, transverse band of pale pubes-
three short spines, apical spine at tip of cence, narrowly interrupted medially by a
long, conical process; lamellate process of line of black pubescence; and T3-5 with
apical tarsomere not emarginate medially; pale pubescence, narrowly interrupted
tibial spurs pale. Metasoma: Tl with pale medially by a line of black pubescence.
pubescence, except anterior face with me- The female of P. pertyi has the vertex with
dian triangular area of black pubescence, an inconspicuous V-shaped spot of pale
extending slightly onto dorsal face; T2 pubescence; the mesonotum with a trans-
with pair of posteromedian, yellow, al- verse band of pale pubescence widely in-
most circular integumental spots (Fig. 15), terrupted medially by black pubescence;
separated by distance almost equal to and T3-5 with pale pubescence, widely in-
their diameter; T2 with black setae, except terrupted medially by black pubescence.
for sparse, pale pubescence on integumen-
tal spots, and broad pale pubescence Pappognatha peruana Quintero and
along lateral margin; T3 to T5 with pale Cambra, n. sp.
pubescence, interrupted medially by nar- (Fig. 2, 7, 8)
row black line;msmterna=with pale setae. Pappognatha sp.: Quintero and Cambra (1996:
Length: 10.6-14 (n 12). 339)
—
—
Holotype: male. PANAMA: Darien Province: Male. Similar to Pappognatha panamen-
Parque Nacional Darien, Estacion Rancho Frio, Pirre, sis but differing by: clypeus broadly na-
80m, 16 Nov 2000-17Jan 2001, R. Cambra, A. Santos sutiform, anterior margin convexand with
N(aMcIiUoPn)a,lMDaalraiiesne,tPriarpr.ePSatraattioynp,es10(012m,fe1m6alFeesb):19P8a9r,qu—De. minute, shallow,V-shaped emargination
Roubik, 19 (MIUP);ParqueNacionalDarien,Cana medially (Fig. 2); mandible (Fig. 7) at base
Cerro Pirre trail, 750m, 10 May 2002, D. Curoe, 19 with reduced laminar ventral process;ver-
(MIUP).ColonProvince:Donoso,CuatroCallitas,21- tex with dense pale pubescence, except
26Jul 2001, P. Gonzalez, 1? (MIUP); Pina, Area Pro- area around ocelli with black pubescence;
t(eAgMidNaH)S.anPLaonraemnazo,Pr5oviSnecpe.:20900k,mS.N.BeErlmuLdleazno,,1299 dorsoanterior area of propodeum covered
May 1991, F. Hovore, 1? (MIUP); 2 km E. Altos de with dense pale pubescence, sculpture not
Utive, Pacora, 800m, 11 Feb 1998, R. Cambra, 1? visible; T3 and T4 covered with pale pu-
(MIUP); Capira, Jordanal, 27-30 Jan 2002, P. Gonza- bescence, except small medial area with
lez, 19 (MIUP). Comarca Kuna Yala: Nusagandi, 16 black pubescence; tibial spurs of middle
l[eande19A91n,toRn.,Ca2m2bArau,g11999(1,MIRU.P)C.onCtroedreasP,ro1v9in(ceM:IUVPa)l;- and hind tibiae pale. Length: 12 mm.
—
El Cope, Division Continental, 900m: 1-2 Sep 1990, Holotype: male. PERU: Madre de Dios Departa-
D. Quintero, 19 (MIUP); 1 nov 1992, A. Aiello, 19 mento, Reserva Manu, Estacion Pakitza, 9 Mar 1992,
(MIUP). Chiriqui Province: Fortuna, Quebrada Are- D. Quintero(MIUP). Paratype: samedataasholotype
na, 1050m, 8-11 Apr 1999, R. Cambra, A. Santos, 19 but 26 Feb 1992, R. Cambra, 1<5 (MIUP).
(MIUP). —
— Diagnosis. Pappognatha peruana differs
Diagnosis. The male of P. panamensis from the other species ofthe genus in hav-
differs from the other species of the genus ing a shallow V-shaped emargination on
by the shallow concavity on the anterior the anterior margin of the clypeus, and by
margin of the clypeus, without a medial the reduced basal ventral laminar process
emargination. The males of P. panamensis on the mandi—ble.
md P. myrmiciformis are the only known Comments. The holotype was collected
matha with brown to dark brown resting on a leaf of a shrub about lm
s on mid- and hind legs. The fe- above the ground inside the forest, at
'. panamensis is similar to P. pertyi about 1600 hours. The paratype, collected
Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 195
with an insect net, was flying about 3m
above the muddy soil of a narrow forest
trail, at noon. This is probably the male of
either P, speciosa Mickel or P. limes Mickel.
One female of the former was collected in
Estacion Pakitza (Quintero and Cambra
1996). The latter species is known from
similar habitats in Peru and Ecuador, and
might be a junior synonym of P. rotifera
(Gerstaecker, 1874), from Colombia. Thus,
at present it is best to treat these males as
a new species until additional evidence is
available.
Pappognatha myrmiciformis
(Cameron, 1897)
(Figs. 3, 5, 9, 10, 15)
—
Male. Similar to P. panam.en.sis but the
clypeus has a deep, rounded emargination
medially, the depth of which is one third
the length of the clypeus (Fig. 3), and the
penis valve in a lateral view (Fig. 15) has
a sharp angulation in its anterior margin
near the base of the apical tooth. Length:
10-10.5 mm. —
Material examined. The specimen from
Honduras represents a new country re-
cord and the northernmost record for this
Neotropical genus.
Figs. 5-7. Pappognatha, male mandibles. 5, myrmici-
HONDURAS:
Atlantida, Lancetilla, Tela, 15 May formis. 6, patruelis. 7, peruana.
1995, R. Cave, 19 (MIUP). COSTA RICA, Limon
P1r5o0vmi,nc2e6:MSaerct-or24CAeprrro19C9o2c,orFi.,QuFeisnacdaa,de19E.(INRBoijoa)s;, oGanuolmde,,1c9abe(cMeIrUaP)R.ioPRAiNecAitMoAw,itChoQdueebPrraodviancPel:atPaennal-
NAcC2E(agsae0Msutcr0ItiairmUelcooP,ain)ProTar.M,noolarvH1MriteBa9nurrgcg1ae(seu9udIa:9elNis1riBaE,aooisy,otPA,)Car.;alcoPr-ivFrFa1oiieer2nnlbrqlc0nPouem1ia,:e9,tni9d4ElN0Jles0a,uatz0lc,Ca,i-.7c1o6i091nC0o909ah03nmlam,,vE,(BleRI9r.sNNCaB,keuoDilimvoeIib.)ldoo.Sg,Ca1(SGad9PMtru8oaaIr9.a,irU,nlCqP1lae)uoR9--;e., QVADf[8uaeeu°rimggiana5el,t2n2ee'0,s1r09o42fE4,sr"((t,o1AMa9m.cI89i20UPS)°oPaa,n)nn1.atR6aon'amDsd—naa,3cr8YRhw"ia.]eoe,nnrMeFeigUrPriaeOroaoxm,n(vasd1iPm9annii9c,rm4nre),ee:.1,d9P82ab20(yrmMqJ,ICuiUaem3Pm0)Nb2.aJ0rcu0aOli1to,^-hn\aeCnlrJ8.
cilia, Nov 1988, 19 (INBio); same data, Mar 1995, P. Distribution. Honduras, Costa Rica
Rios, C. Moraga (Malaise), 19 (INBio); same data, and Panama.
May 1989, I. Gauld, 19 (INBio); Estacion Maritza, Comments on sex association.—Extensive
600m, lado O. volcan Orosi, Feb.1992, F. Araya, 19,
1<5 (INBio). Puntarenas Province: Golfito, Reserva samples show the presence of only one
Forestal Golfo Dulce, Estacion Agujas, 250-350m, 17 species of Pappognatha in Costa Rica, and
Mar 2000, A. Azofeifa, 19 (INBio); Golfo Dulce, 24 the capture of male and female at the
k(BmritPiisehdMrausseBluamncaosf,N2atJuurna-lAHuigsto1r9y8'9),. PA.laHjaunesloanP,ro1v9- same place and time support the associa-
ince: San Cristobal, 600-620m, 15-28 Mar 1998, F. tion. —
Quesada, 19 (INBio). Guanacaste Province: sotob- Comments. The male specimen from
osque, W. side volcan Cacao, 1100m, Feb 1989, I. Guanacaste, Est. Maritza, Feb.1992, has an
196 Journalof Hymenoptera Research
soma: with pale setae, except pronotum,
mesonotum, tegula and anterior half of
scutellum with black setae; pronotum,me-
sonotum and scutellum with dense, close-
ly-spaced punctures; propleuron with
scattered, small punctures; dorsal and
ventral areas of mesopleuron convex, sep-
arated by deep groove, elevated areas
with medium-sized punctures, anterior
and posterior areas practically impuncta-
te; metapleuron impunctate; propodeum
reticulate; scutellum convex. Legs: with
pale setae; apical tarsomeres segment pro-
duced into short lamellate plate covering
the claw bases; tibial spurs of mid- and
hind legs pale. Metasoma: with pale setae
on: dorsal face of Tl, lateral margin of T2,
very small lateral area of T3 and T4, all
sterna except S7; black pubescence on: re-
mainder of T2, other terga, and S7; ante-
rior face of Tl glabrous, impunctate, with
Figs. 8-10. Pappogiwkka, right wings. 8, peruana. 9- conspicuous medial tooth on each lateral
10, myrmiciforrnis. margin; T2 with medium-sized punctures
laterally, somewhat smaller along poste-
aberrantly shaped second submarginal rior margin, disk glabrous and with punc-
cell (SM2) on the right wing (Fig. 10). The tures scattered; T3 to T6 and S3 to S6 with
left wing on the same specimen and the dense, small punctures interspersed; S2
wings of the other male specimen of P. gibbose anteriorly at the middle, with
myrmiciforrnis examined (Fig. 9) have typ- sparse small punctures. Parameres broad
ical pentagonal SM2, as do all other male at base, narrowing toward apex, triangu-
Pavpognatha. lar in lateral view, with dense large setae
on basal two-thirds of ventral margin.
Pappognatha patmelis (Andre, 1898) Length: 11.8—mm.
— (Figs. 4, 6) Diagnosis. P. patmelis closely resem-
Male. Integument black. Head: very bles P. panamensis and P. myrmiciforrnisbut
large, quadrate, slightly broader than differs by: the shape of clypeus (Fig. 4);
long; gena, frons, clypeus and mandible rounded basal laminar process on man-
with pale setae; vertex with black setae; dible (Fig. 6); frons and vertex with dense
anterior margin of clypeus broadly nasu- punctures, most spaces between punc-
tiform, with median U-shaped emargina- tures usually less than their diameter; pale
tion (Fig. 4); mandible at base with broad, calcaria of mid- and hind tibia.
rounded, laminar ventral process; flagel- Material examined.—BRAZIL: Bahia: Ilheus, Jan
lomere I 1.5X as long as flagellomere II; 1994,J. Franco, 19 (MIUP). MinasGerais:Caratinga,
frons and vertex with medium-sized Fazenda Montes Claros [19° 45' S, 41° 50' W], 30-31
punctures, most spaces between punc- Dec 1994,G. Melo,"Nascida deninhodeEuglossasp.
tures usually less than their diameters; dentro de orificio em tronco nochaoem descompos-
small, distance between inner eye icao", 29, IS (MI—UP).
•ateral ocellus approximately Distribution. Brazil.
meter of the latter. Meso- Comments on sex association. -Two fe-
Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 197
30 Feb 1988, 19 (AMNH). ECUADOR: Oriente, Li-
moncocha (00°24'S, 76°36'W), 21 Jul 1970, C. W. Ret-
tenmeyer, 19 (Brothers pers. col.). PERU: 39, Quin-
tero and Cambra (1996).
—
Distribution. Colombia, Ecuador and
Peru. —
Comments. The female from Ecuador
has the integumental spots darkish yel-
low, and the pale pubescence on T3-5 not
interrupted with black (Brothers, pers.
comm.); the type specimen has integu-
mental and
spots ferruginous pale pubes-
cence on T3-5 narrowly interrupted me-
diallywith black. Mickel (1939) mentioned
than P. speciosa is similar to P. egregia, but
differs only in the size of the integumental
spots of T2 (larger in egregia), and in the
outer margin of the spots having pale to-
mentose pubescence (glabrous in egregia).
In specimens ofP. myrmiciformis and P. pa-
truelis that we have examined, as well as
in many other species in different mutillid
genera (e.g., Pseudomethoca and Hoplomu-
tilla), the integumental spots on T2 are
Figs. 11-15. Pappognatha, male genitalia. 11-14. P. quite variable in size. Thus, we consider
panamensis: 11-12: parameres: 11,dorsalview; 12,lat-
eral view; 13, volsella, lateral view; 14, penis valve, the size of the integumental spots on T2
lateral view. 15. P. myrmiciformis, penis valve, lateral to be an unreliable character for species
view. Abbreviations: C, cuspis; P, paramere. identification. Thus, egregia and speciosa
might represent but a single species. In ad-
dition, Pappognatha torquata Mickel, 1939,
males and one male were reared from mightbe conspecific with P. speciosa but P.
three cells of one nest of Euglossa sp. The torquata is known only from the holotype
females fit the description of P. patruelis from Bolivia (no additional label data).
(Andre) given by Mickel (1939) who ex- According to Mickel (1939), they differ in
amined eight females, from Bahia (includ- having the pronotum pubescence entirely
ing the holotype and a paratype), Sao Pau- pale tomentose in P. torquata and thepron-
lo and Espirito Santo, Brazil. The male of otum clothed with sparse, black setae in
P. patruelis is here described for the first P. speciosa, and the dense pale pubescence
time, based on a single male that died at on the vertex extending anteriorly along
the teneral stage; its wings were not ex- the inner margin of the eye in P. torquata,
tended and the mesosternum was not but not in P. speciosa.
sclerotized and was deformed (concave).
Pappognatha egregia Mickel, 1939
Pappognatha speciosa Mickel, 1939 —
Material examined. The specimens from
(Fig—. 16) Colombia and Ecuador new
represent
Material examined. The specimens from country records.
Colombia and Ecuador new
represent
country records. COLOMBIA: Amazonas, Puerto Santander, 160m,
7 Sep 1991, 19 (AMNH); Meta, Villavicencio, 25 Jul
COLOMBIA: Amazonas, P.N. Amacavacu, 290m, 1938, 19 (MIUP); Putumavo,Santa Rosa, RioSanMi-
198 Journalof Hymenoptera Research
Figs. 16-17. Pappognatha females, habitus. 16. P. panamensis. 17. P. speciosa.
guel, 1-30Oct1970,Malkin, 19 (MIUP). ECUADOR: pubescence, as in typical P. rotifera (Ger-
Napo: Cuyabeno, Apr 1986, 19 (MIUP); Cuyabeno, staecker, 1874). We have identified this
Aug 1983, 400m, 19 (MIUP); El Reventador, May
1986, 19 (MIUP); Limoncocha, 24 Jun 1975, 19 specimen as P. rotifera, and conclude that
(MIUP). BRAZIL: Amazonas: 60 km N. Manaus, 16 P. limes is probably a junior synonym of
Aug 1991, G. Melo, 19 (MIUP); 1905, 19 (AMNH); P. rotifera, a species previously known
Manaus, Reserva—Ducke, 3 May 1968, 19 (MIUP). from only two specimens from Colombia,
Distribution .Colombia, Ecuador, Bra- the holotype from Bogota and a second
zil. specimen from Muzo, Boyaca (Mickel
1939).
Pappognatha limes Mickel, 1939
Material examined.—ECUADOR: Pastaza,Cusuimi, Pappognatlia obliqua Mickel, 1939
R(MiaMolIkUCiPun)s,.uiP1mE9iR,U(:1M5I0MUoPk)nm;soSPnEasoVtfaalzPlaue,yy,oM,Teir1na5g,-o31AMpaMrraiya2,01019217,1D,1eB9c. resMeantteraianleewxacmoiunendt.r—y rTehceords.pecimens rep-
1954, 19 (AMNH).
— PERU: Nauta, Amazonas, Carrasco col., 26
Distribution—. Ecuador and Peru. (AMNH, MIUP).
Comments. A female from Colombia —
(along margins of Rio Calima, Restrepo, Distribution—. Peru and Brazil.
Valle, 11 Feb 1984, MIUP) differs from the Comments. The two additional males
original description in having the pale pu- from Peru fit Mickel's description of P. ob-
bescence on T3-T5, interrupted medially liqua. This might be the male of P. pertyi
black pubescence, as in typical P. (Dalla Torre) (Mickel 1939), a species
nit the frons is covered with pale known from Para, Brazil.
Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 199
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS tillidae) with eusocial insects. Insectes Sociaux47:
201-211.
We thank the following curators and their institu- Cambra, R. A. and D. Quintero. 1992. Velvet ants of
tions for loan or donation of specimens used in this Panama: distribution and systematics (Hyme-
study: James M. Carpenter (AMNH), Gabriel Melo noptera: Mutillidae). Pp. 459-78 in: QuinteroA.,
(UniversidadeFederaldoParana),PaulHanson(Uni- D. and A. Aiello, eds. Insects ofPanama and Me-
versity of Costa Rica), Daniel Curoe (Palo Alto, Cal- soamerica: Selected Studies. Oxford University
ifornia, USA),Jesus Ugalde and Alvaro Herrera (IN- Press, Oxford.
Bio) for loan ofspecimens from the ProjectBiodiver- Mickel, C. E. 1939. Monograph ofa new Neotropical
sity Resources Developments under the auspices of mutillid genus, Pappognatha (Hymenoptera: Mu-
the World Bank and Global Environmental Facility tillidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of
(GEF). Our field work in Darien National Park, Pan- America 32: 329-343.
ama, was supported in partby funds from BIODAR- Quintero, D. and R. A. Cambra. 1996. Contributiona
IEN-ANAM and fund No.04-05-94-01 from the Univ- la sistematica de las mutilidas (Hymenoptera)
ersidad de Panama; field work in Manu Reserve, del Peru, en especial las de la Estacion Biologica
Peru, was supported by funds of the Biological Di- BIOLAT, RioManu, Pakitza. Pp.327-357in: D.E.
versityinLatinAmericaProject(BIOLAT),Smithson- Wilson and A. Sandoval, eds. Manu: The Biodi-
iortWAfaiheoenevjlKicIlpweinohwas,e,otZcituShtfomluogiuJtr.irt-ohaPpNnsurpa.loohtWanvawioielsfda,kintPin.Sh,gTaorsnuCpoakteapdclhidDiicioefAastnoafliri.ronisnRiOcaeJaaul.s,rBAesrafcptooratrehchdachetnierhkmImsesne,ysnmttUieoontdtfiuaAivttSnceeacn,urielseaatoinnntutcddeys- WRohuebevibltTeirrkerooi,rsnpd,iigtDcPeyGa.r..leos5WfCBs1.e.,S4eos1Wu.p19at9p8shC83.eh9.aa.imsAntbEgercmrtiounoldtnoigPlgeelDyriCuUd.a.nnimSd6vim7emi9Nritashcptipsut.oroyfanlPiaraneHnsiassn,IttnoCsrt(ayiHmtyuo---f
essu,ggfeosrtithoenisrmtahodueghtfouilmapnrodvceritthiecalmarneuvsicerwisp,t.and the mloegnicoaplteNreaw:sM9u4t:il14l3i-d1a4e4.and Formicidae). Entomo-
LITERATURE CITED Yanega, D. 1994. Arboreal, ant-mimicking mutillid
wasps, Pappognatha; parasites of Neotropical
Brothers, D. J., Tschuch, G., and F. Burger. 2000. As- Euglossa (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae and Apidae).
sociations ofmutillid wasps (Hymenoptera,Mu- Biotropica 26: 465-468.