Osteoporosis: Genetics, Prevention and Treatment

307 Pages·1999·6.129 MB·English

by  John S. Adams M.D., Barbara P. Lukert M.D. (auth.), John S. Adams M.D., Barbara P. Lukert M.D. (eds.)

Osteoporosis:
Genetics, Prevention and Treatment
ENDOCRINE UPDATES
Shlomo Melmed, M.D., Series Editor
1. E.R. Levin and J.L. Nadler (eds.): Endocrinology of
Cardiovascular Function. 1998. ISBN: 0-7923-82l7-X
2. J.A. Fagin (ed.): Thyroid Cancer. 1998.
ISBN: 0-7923-8326-5
3. J.S. Adams and BoP. Lukert (edso): Osteoporosis: Genetics,
Prevention and Treatment. 19980 ISBN: 0-7923-8366-4
Osteoporosis: Genetics, Prevention
and Treatment
edited by
JOHN S. ADAMS, M.D.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Los Angeles, California, USA
and
BARBARA P. LUKERT, M.D.
of
University Kansas Medical School
Kansas City, Missouri, USA
"~.
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
ISBN 978-1-4613-7327-8 ISBN 978-1-4615-5115-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-5115-7
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available
from the Library of Congress.
Copyright © 1999 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1999
AII rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo-copying, recording,
or otherwise, without the prior written permis sion of the publisher,
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Printed an acid-free paper.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors vii
Dedication to Bayard Catherwood, M.D. xii
1. Osteoporosis: Understanding and Managing
A Growing Health Care Problem
John S. Adams and Barbara P. Lukert
I. Genetics
2. Molecular Genetics of Skeletal 7
Morphogenesis
Vicki Rosen and Laura Gamer
3. Genetics of Osteoporosis 25
John S. Adams
4. Genetic Strategies in Preclinical 33
Osteoporosis Research
Robert F. Klein
5. Interdependence of Genetic and Epigenetic 57
Factors in Determining Bone Strength
Janet Rubin and Clinton T. Rubin
II. Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment
6. Quantitation of Bone Mineral Density in 75
the Growing Skeleton: Methods and Meaning
Vicente Gilsanz
7. Prevention of Osteoporosis: Strategies for 89
Optimizing Peak Bone Mass
Susan H. Allen
8. Skeletal Consequences of Physical Activity 121
Robert Marcus
9. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis 135
Patrick M. Doran and Sundeep Khosla
vi
10. Individualizing Osteoporosis Therapy 155
Stuart L. Silverman
III. Osteoporotic Syndromes of Emerging
Impact
II. Fall Prevention and Physical Therapy 169
Sal[y Rigler and Stephanie Studenski
12. Diagnosis and Treatment of Male 183
Osteoporosis
Eric S. Orwoll
13. Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal 205
Osteodystrophy
Dean T. Yamaguchi and Arnold f. FelsenJeld
14. Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis 233
Associated With Immunosuppressive
Therapy
Maria A. Rodino and Elizabeth Shane
IS. Cancer and Bone Disease 247
Mark S. Nanes and Louisa Titus
16. Common Diseases Which May Complicate 275
the Osteoporosis Phenotype
Michael Davies
IV. The Future
17. Understanding and Manipulating Genes. 295
Hormones and Bone Cells
Lawrence G. Raisz
Index 301
List of Contributors
Henry G. Bone, III, M.D. Michael R. McClung, M.D.
Director Oregon Osteoporosis Center
Michigan Bone and Mineral Clin 5050 NE Hoyt. Suite #651
22201 Moross Ste 260 Portland, OR 97213
Detriot, MI 48236 Tel: [phone]
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Fax:[phone]
Michael Davies, MBBS, FRCP Mark S. Nanes, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Medicine Medical Service (111E)
Royal Infirmary V AMC and Emory University
Oxford Road 1670 Clairmont Avenue
Mancester, United Kingdom Decatur, GA 30033
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone] xt2076
Fax:[phone] Fax: [phone]
Arnold J. Felsenfeld, M.D. Eric S. Orwoll, M.D.
13493 Rand Drive Chief, Endo & Metab
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 Portland V A Medical Center
Tel: [phone] P.O. Box lO34
Fax:[phone] xt4334 Portland, OR 97207
Tel: [phone]
Fax: 503n21-7807
Vicente Gilsanz, M.D. Munro Peacock, M.D.
Radiology MS #81 Professor of Medicine
Childrens Hosp of Los Angeles General Clinical Res Center
4650 Sunset Boulevard Indiana Univ Medical Center
Los Angeles, CA 90027 550 N. University Blvd.
Tel: [phone] Room 5595
Fax:[phone] Indianapolis, IN 46202-5250
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Deborah E. Kipp Lawrence G. Raisz, M.D.
Associate Professor Endocrinology MC 1850
Dept. of Dietetics & Nutrition Connecticut Health Center
Univ. of Kansas Med. Center Farmington, CT 06030
3901 Rainbow Blvd. Tel: [phone]
Kansas City, KS 66160 Fax: [phone]
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
viii
List of Contributors (con't.)
Robert F. Klein, M.D. Vicki Rosen, Ph.D.
Research Med Services-Ill P Laura W. Gamer, Ph.D.
V A Medical Center Genetics Institute, Inc.
3710 SW US Veterans Hosp Road 87 Cambridge Park Drive
Portland, OR 97201 Cambridge, MA 02140
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax:503n21-7807 Fax: [phone]
Clinton T. Rubin, Ph.D. Janet Rubin, M.D.
Professor VA Medical Center, 111
Dept of Orthopaedics T18-030 1670 Clairmont Road
State Univ of NY -Stony Brook Decatur, GA 30033
Musculo-Skeletal Research Lab Tel: [phone] xt 2080
Stony Brook, NY 11794-8181 Fax: 404n28-7750
Tel: [phone]
Fax:[phone]
Elizabeth Shane, M.D. Dean Yamaguchi, M.D., Ph.D.
Assoc. Prof. Of Clinical Med Assoc. Dir, Deputy ACOS
Dept of Medicine.PH 8 West Research and Development
Columbia University Geriatrics Res Education and
College Physicians & Surgeons Clinical Center
630 West 168th Street VA MC West Los Angeles
New York, NY 10032 11301 Wilshire Blvd.
Tel: [phone] Los Angeles, CA 90073
Fax: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Stuart L. Silverman, M.D.
8641 Wilshire Blvd. #301
Beverly Hills, CA 90211
Tel: [phone]
Fax:[phone]
Osteoporosis:
Genetics, Prevention and Treatment
This volume is dedicated to the memory of Bayard DeWolfe
"Skip" Catherwood, M.D.
Skip Catherwood was a fme scientist, who made important contributions to our
understanding of signaling pathways, particularly those involving calcitropic
hormones. He was a knowledgeable and perceptive physician whose clinical
acumen was informed by deep biological understanding. As a teacher he
communicated not just information and insight, but a way of thinking and
working that has served his trainees well. His intellectual discipline led to a
rational, although not always fashionable, understanding of the world. He was
reserved in his manner, but possessed a wry sense of humor. He was a caring
husband and father and exceptional friend. His personal and professional integrity
were absolute. These are all admirable qualities of our friend's character, and they
cause us to miss him grievously, especially since he left us long before his work
was done, long before we could bear to let him go.
It is not simply because of these qualities of his character that we dedicate this
book to Skip's memory. The extraordinary thing about him was the integration
of these qualities into his work. He was an insightful biologist and biochemist,
always mindful of the relationship between the molecular, cellular, systemic and
medical levels of a problem. Thoroughness and solidity were Skip's hallmarks.
He approached any problem with perception, patience and a fundamentally
positive approach that expressed his basic optimism. He believed in the ultimate
solubility of problems and communicated his persevering, steady approach to his
colleagues and trainees. On more than one occasion, a discouraged colleague,
describing an apparent scientific impasse, got a fresh start when Skip asked "Have
you tried ... ?" or "What if. .. ?" followed by a cogent exposition of why" ... ?" just
might work. These suggestions, low-keyed and often made after a reflective
pause, have been extraordinarily helpful to many who knew him, not only because
of their specific scientific content, but also because they restored confidence that a
cr
discouraging problem could be attacked. In this way, he expressed a sense
collegiality which was far more than social. His belief in cooperation and sharing
of ideas and effort was central to his character as a scientist and as a person. He
expected no less from his colleagues, whom he brought together in many different
settings, challenging them to integrate their ideas and efforts, in order to enhance
their understanding of problems and to reach deeper insights into their solutions.
Skip's interest in the problems and projects of others and his responsiveness to
them were expressions of the good nature, good will and inquiring intelligence
that bound us to him not only as colleagues but, forever, as friends.
Henry G. Bone, M.D.
and Louisa Titus, Ph.D.