Nutritional Anemias (Modern Nutrition (Boca Raton, Fla.).)

278 Pages·2000·3.86 MB·English

by  Usha Ramakrishnan

NUTRITIONAL
ANEMIAS
CRC SERIES IN
MODERN NUTRITION
Edited by Ira Wolinsky and James F. Hickson, Jr.
Published Titles
Manganese in Health and Disease, Dorothy J. Klimis-Tavantzis
Nutrition and AIDS: Effects and Treatments, Ronald R. Watson
Nutrition Care for HIV-Positive Persons: A Manual for Individuals and Their Caregivers,
Saroj M. Bahl and James F. Hickson, Jr.
Calcium and Phosphorus in Health and Disease, John J.B. Anderson and
Sanford C. Garner
Edited by Ira Wolinsky
Published Titles
Practical Handbook of Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Donald F. Kirby
and Stanley J. Dudrick
Handbook of Dairy Foods and Nutrition, Gregory D. Miller, Judith K. Jarvis,
and Lois D. McBean
Advanced Nutrition: Macronutrients, Carolyn D. Berdanier
Childhood Nutrition, Fima Lifschitz
Nutrition and Health: Topics and Controversies, Felix Bronner
Nutrition and Cancer Prevention, Ronald R. Watson and Siraj I. Mufti
Nutritional Concerns of Women, Ira Wolinsky and Dorothy J. Klimis-Tavantzis
Nutrients and Gene Expression: Clinical Aspects, Carolyn D. Berdanier
Antioxidants and Disease Prevention, Harinda S. Garewal
Advanced Nutrition: Micronutrients, Carolyn D. Berdanier
Nutrition and Women’s Cancers, Barbara Pence and Dale M. Dunn
Nutrients and Foods in AIDS, Ronald R. Watson
Nutrition: Chemistry and Biology, Second Edition, Julian E. Spallholz,
L. Mallory Boylan, and Judy A. Driskell
Melatonin in the Promotion of Health, Ronald R. Watson
Nutritional and Environmental Influences on the Eye, Allen Taylor
Laboratory Tests for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, Second Edition,
H.E. Sauberlich
Advanced Human Nutrition, Robert E.C. Wildman and Denis M. Medeiros
Handbook of Dairy Foods and Nutrition, Second Edition, Gregory D. Miller,
Judith K. Jarvis, and Lois D. McBean
Nutrition in Space Flight and Weightlessness Models, Helen W. Lane
and Dale A. Schoeller
Eating Disorders in Women and Children: Prevention, Stress Management,
and Treatment, Jacalyn J. Robert-McComb
Childhood Obesity: Prevention and Treatment, Jana Pavrízková and Andrew Hills
Alcohol and Coffee Use in the Aging, Ronald R. Watson
Handbook of Nutrition and the Aged, Third Edition, Ronald R. Watson
Vegetables, Fruits, and Herbs in Health Promotion, Ronald R. Watson
Nutrition and AIDS, Second Edition, Ronald R. Watson
Advances in Isotope Methods for the Analysis of Trace Elements in Man,
Nicola Lowe and Malcolm Jackson
Nutritional Anemias, Usha Ramakrishnan
Forthcoming Titles
Nutrition for Vegetarians, Joan Sabate
Tryptophan: Biochemicals and Health Implications, Herschel Sidransky
Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Robert E. C. Wildman
The Mediterranean Diet, Antonia L. Matalas, Antonios Zampelas, Vasilis Stavrinos,
and Ira Wolinsky
Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Nutritional Supplements and Pharmaceuticals,
Robert E. C. Wildman
Insulin and Oligofructose: Functional Food Ingredients, Marcel B. Roberfroid
Micronutrients and HIV Infection, Henrik Friis
Nutrition Gene Interactions in Health and Disease, Niama M. Moussa
and Carolyn D. Berdanier
8569/frame/fm Page 4 Friday, October 6, 2000 5:17 PM
NUTRITIONAL
ANEMIAS
Edited by
Usha Ramakrishnan
CRC Press
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
8569/frame/fm Page 6 Friday, October 6, 2000 5:17 PM
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Nutritional anemias / edited by Usha Ramakrishnan.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8493-8569-5
1. Anemia--Nutritional aspects. I. Ramakrishnan, Usha. II. Modern Nutrition (Boca
Raton, Fla.)
RC641.N836 2000
616.1′52—dc21 00-045504
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Series Preface
for Modern Nutrition
The CRC Series in Modern Nutrition is dedicated to providing the widest possible
coverage of topics in nutrition. Nutrition is an interdisciplinary, interprofessional
field noted by its broad range and diversity. The titles and authorship in this series
reflect that range and diversity.
Published for a scholarly audience, the volumes in the CRC Series in Modern
Nutrition are designed to review and explore recent trends, developments, and
advances in nutrition. As such, they will also appeal to the educated general reader.
The format for the series will vary with the needs of the author and the topic,
including, but not limited to, edited volumes, monographs, handbooks, and texts.
Contributors from any bona fide area of nutrition, including the controversial,
are welcome.
The Series welcomes the timely and authoritative contribution, Nutritional Ane-
mias, edited by Dr. Usha Ramakrishnan. This book will be of interest to a cross
section of life scientists. It contains a wealth of information, authoritatively written
and edited.
Ira Wolinsky, Ph.D.
University of Houston
Series Editor
8569/frame/fm Page 8 Friday, October 6, 2000 5:17 PM
8569/frame/fm Page 9 Friday, October 6, 2000 5:17 PM
Preface
Nutritional anemias constitute the largest nutrition and health problem that affects
populations in both developed and developing countries. While iron deficiency is
the major cause of nutritional anemias in most settings, the roles of other nutrients
(folic acid, vitamins B andC) and infections have received attention recently. The
12
prevalence of nutritional anemia is very high among young children and women of
reproductive age in many developing countries, especially in South Asia, and is
associated with a range of functional consequences such as adverse pregnancy
outcomes, limited school performance, and reduced work productivity. Considerable
strides have been made in our knowledge of this important topic in the past 20 years
in terms of research as well as experience in the planning and implementation of
strategies for the prevention and control of nutritional anemias. However, much
remains to be done.
It is hoped that this comprehensive book will serve as a timely and valuable
resource for those working in the fields of public health and nutrition. Academics
in university settings, practitioners in program implementation, and policy makers
could use it in teaching and/or training activities. A balanced approach that combines
knowledge of the etiology and consequences of nutritional anemias through the
lifecycle with a discussion of current strategies, namely supplementation, fortifica-
tion, food based strategies, and control of helminth infection in the prevention and
control of nutritional anemias has been used. Special attention is paid to relevant
research, controversies, and lessons learned from previous worldwide efforts toward
finding solutions to eliminate this preventable condition.
As editor, I would like to acknowledge my contributors, leading experts in their
fields, for the time they spent in preparing their thoughtful and well-written chapters
despite their hectic schedules and other responsibilities. A debt of gratitude is owed
to my mentor, Dr. Reynaldo Martorell, Chair, Department of International Health
and Robert W. Woodruff Professor of International Nutrition, Rollins School of
Public Health, Emory University, for his support, constant encouragement, and
valuable guidance at various stages of this project. Last but not least, this book
would not have been possible without the support of my family and the faculty,
staff, and students at the Department of International Health, especially Nancy Sterk,
Linda King, and Khaleelah Muwwakkil for their patience and understanding. Fund-
ing from the National Institutes of Health (NIH-HD34531-02) is acknowledged.
Usha Ramakrishnan