NOTES ON ERITRICHIUM (BORAGINACEAE) IN NORTH AMERICA

2013·1.6 MB·English

by  David F Murray

NORTH AMERICA
ON
NOTES ERITRICHIUM (BORAGINACEAE) IN
of Alaska Museum of the North
University
907 Yukon Drive
Fairbanks Alaska 99775-6960, U.S.A.
a
and of
selection
how
Wight
which
of the Bering Strait region, is
plant
cushion-forming
nail
he had been led asttay
that
believe
canne to
however, Hulten (1973)
saw
ami then Hnlten (1968). Later,
(1902) it
fmm
the
exerted
within or barely
included
with flowers
by Wight who applied E. chamissonis to the plants
he decide
by two Fust,
about errors.
was brought
thinking
change in
cushion stems and Hulterfs
of leaves.
PopoVs tllustratton of aretirn-
DC, (1953)
because
named (Cham.)
lhata cushion form should be E. onrlioides
specin^o
the type
believed
Hulten
and second, .
des- showed a densely pulvinate plant (Plate 25, fig. 1),
(IWL
de Candolle
descnption of
odds with the original
which
ctonissonis had long flowering stems, is at
Po^v unknowmglytllus-
had
determined that
and Petrovsky (1980)
As to the assumption, Jurizev
first
hadgonennrecognmeduntfl
that
pulvtnatespecies,not£ritrlchi»umtioides,butone
t«tedadistinet. densely
tepubllcationofE.,schuhtschor„mJurtzsevSrW.Petrovsky,whichonleafmorphologyalotw«re^^^^
rable from both or chamissonis.
E. aretioides E.
uretiofc
CamioUe ofEritrichiun.
by de
As descriptions
second assumption, the
to the
“
made
he clear that E.
nevertheless,
te
and two not well differentiated;
brief, the species are « ^
no er
E anttois
chumissonn at
of
the flowers
plant with the shorter stems of the two. In fact,
^rfaceofthetuft,whereasEuretioldeshasfloweimgsteins,mlUto«^
flowering
the
length ot
in the
densely compact, from chamissonis
but differ E.
account.
flowers. Hulten had no reason doubt Wight’s
to
n- chased on
sneci-
ncnni
awi i.,
De
Candolle (Prodromus 10:125.
1846) De
1816 or 1817.
voyage of the Rurife
during the
Eschscholtz
mens Chamisso or
by
originating LE, collected
at
ad
<«nrti-Laurentii fre-
unambiguously to St.
Candolle and
referred unequivocally
^ and thus
localities
“inKamtchatkaa^
t«mBeering(Cham.O”but continued
then
new
spe
two his
specimens, or syntypes, were the basis for
18
& 4.442.
Linnaea
)
had
Schlechtendal, y
reported (Chamisso ^ ^
earlier
Chamisso in his
e
were regar
Chamisso
ously not named by y
all of the plants so
reference to
Lawre
was y-
St.
viUosa
M.
account was his
clear that the locality for
Kamtchatka.
provided by G, then
images
digital
with excellent
AreviewofthetypesheetatG-DCwasundertaken,firs
Kamchatka,
from collector
The^one
G-DC
^
a visit to G. Mounted on the type sheet at
This speci-
^^^^ription).
^
j
li ac
h.
unknown, by a colleague at (
provided de Candolle
to
^
®cn strong
with
and its
IS labeled Myosotis Ledeb., y resem-
villosa instead clearly
exertis,” it
pauciiio
racemuhs
flescription
of Eritrichium chamissonis: “.
'•««-lte.hBtT«as7(1):3
352
Why
bles E. villosum (Ledeb.) Bunge. This specimen cannot be considered as E. chamissonis. de Candolle
would
make Kamchatka specimen own
a direct reference to the is a curious contradiction of his description.
The other specimen on the type sheet, also labeled Myosotis villosa, is a specimen that matches
the
de-
scription of Eritrichium chamissonis as the flowers barely exceed the cluster of sterile, leafy shoots, and
it is
clearly attributed to Chamisso. However, one Lorenz meaning
this labeled Lawrence
is “St. insel”
St.
Island,.
This specimen, while a perfect match with the description of de Candolle, is in conflict as to location. However,
the Rurik visited both St. Lawrence Bay, Chukotka, and St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, during voyages.
its
De
Candolle took the locality Lawrence Bay directly from what Chamisso Chamisso and
(in
Schlechten-
had
dal 1829) written under Myosotis villosa. Yet, neither of the two specimens on the type sheet from
is St
Lawrence
Bay. That de Candolle add Lawrence
failed to St. Island to his description, despite the label on
the
sheet before him, must have been
a lapsus calami. It is otherwise impossible to reconcile the discordance.
An
herbarium LE
sheet bearing
at Chamissio’s signature breve, labeled Myosotis and from Law-
villosa, St.
rence Bay, would seem be what
to is referred to in the description of Eritrichium chamissonis, but it is clearly not
consistent with inasmuch
as the flowering stems
it, are tall, leafy, rising well above the basal leaves, thus closer
in habit to E. villosum or E. aretioides than to E. chamissonis. That sheet cannot be considered
as the basis forE.
chamissonis.
Another LE
sheet has been
labeled, incorrectly, as holotype by Ovchinnikova The specimens
(2008). are
attributed to Eschscholtz. Ovchinnilova
(2008) reported
the locality as “Sin. Laur[enti]”; the handwriting
St.
on
the original labels attached Who
to that sheet not easy known
is to decipher. wrote that note not (VY.
is
Petrovsky, pers. comm.). There no LE G-DC
evidence
is at or that this material was seen by De Candolle.
Not LE
found
at is a sheet with specimens
of Eritrichium chamissonis from Lawrence Island from which
St.
the^specimen on G-DC
the type sheet at might have been G-DC
The
taken. source of that specimen remains
at
Nevenheless, de
Candolle
did have him
before and most
he
certainly based his description of Eritrichium
chomis^is
on
the Alaskan specimen. De
Candolle
did not no
designate can be holo-
a type, therefore, there
The
type. specimen,
a syntype, on
the type G-DC
sheet from
at Lawrence here
designated
St. Island, Alaska, is
as lectotype
for E. chamissonis DC.
Eritrichium chamissonis
DC.,
Prod.
10:125. 184
mixed
olJes with M.
andXhom
vIBostt, a. Lawrence
St, Bay, Chukotka,
St
two
were
ItKalities given by
Chamisso, nameM.
the imdesmustbeb^ synw«
ate, on one or more of the
and
a
lectotypification
is necessary.
Ovchinnikova
(2008) an
cited
Eschscholtz
specimen
from Lanrcntit
Lawrence
St. Island Clns. St.
“
“
'
“miouks.
Although
t her incorrect usage of the term ‘hololype'
,
notlec^^rrelT-trS^r^t^^^
fotn«i
name needs a
.he
unre
a e
to
aretioides. Another
from
is the Academy label
printed
in St Petersburg (LE) with a
Myrnmuarntt^des,
Sinus
UurentiLbutacolfectot
St.
not tecord^l'Thf^^^^^
hB
would
be
better as the type M.
for
orehoides. Wheteas ha«
would
a specimen LE
Chamisso
seen by
at
353
G-DC
no Chamisso specimen LE from which one might have been taken or
the
there at at
standing, is
greater
specimen G-DC was determined by Chamisso
represents Chamisso’s intentions. Since the at
better
one that
furthermore connects Chamisso to de Candolle, that specimen is designated here as lectotype.
and
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Andrei
Yu. Razzhivin, Sy-
my Komarov Petersburg, V.
Thanks colleagues at the Botanical Institute (LE), St.
to
Chamisso and Eschscholtz specimens there; to
on
YN. Petrovsky information the
and especially to for
tin,
making
Manager Geneva possible for
and Fumeaux, Collections at (G), for it
Nicolas
Laurent Gautier, Curator,
am
my and specimens. grateful to re-
much view types associated 1
me accomplish so during short visit to
to
has
James Reveal
who my and generally improved the text of this note.
very kindly corrected errors
viewers
authorship of the
and Kanchi Gandhi clarified the
read and commented on the manuscript. Reveal
carefully
names and descriptions,
author of the Eritrichium
DC, the
Eritnchium names: A.P. de Candolle or the father,
DC,
de Candolle or A. the son.
notwithstanding the page heading that credits A.
Dep
Chamisso, A.L von and von Schleci 1829.
D.F.L. .
rationem dicunt. Linnaea 4:435-496.
enumerato
coi
vegetabilis sive
regni
DeCanooue, 1846. Prodromus systematis naturalis
A.P.
normas digest.
methodi naturalis
specierumque plantarum hucusque cognitarum, juxta
and neighboring
HultEn, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska
an
HuLTfN, E. 1973. Supplement to flora of Alaska
nomenclature for
McNhu
code botanical
et al. 2012. International of
Congress
opted by the 18th International Botanical ^
A world of Asiatic
North
It
species in
iginaceae)
genus
Ovchinnikova 2008. Conspectus of the Eritrichi
S.V.
Russia
1:17-36. Russian]
[in
8^38-245.
BA Arctic Flora USSR. tin
.nd Jurtze., eds.
ln:T0lma.he», A.I.
Jurtzev,B.A. AND
V.V. Petrovsky. Eritrichium.
Moscow & Leningad. Russian]
[in
Nauk.
Akad.
9:482-521
USSR
Popov, M.G. Flora 1 .
1953. Shishkin, ed..
Eritichium. B.K.,
In:
29:407-414.
Club
Torrey Bot.
Wight, W.F. 1902. The genus Eritrichum in North Americia. Bull.