Newnes Data Communications Pocket Book, Fourth Edition (Newnes Pocket Books)

252 Pages·2002·1.08 MB·English

by  Steve Winder

Newnes Data Communications Pocket Book
Newnes
Data Communications
Pocket Book
Fourth edition
Michael Tooley
Steve Winder
OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEWYORK PARIS
SANDIEGO SANFRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO
Newnes
AnimprintofElsevierScience
LinacreHouse,JordanHill,OxfordOX28DP
225Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA01801-2041
Firstpublished1989
Reprinted 1990
Secondedition1992
Reprinted 1993,1994,1995
Thirdedition1997
Reprinted 1998(twice),1999
Fourthedition2002
Copyright SteveWinderandMikeTooley,1989,1992,1997,2002.
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licenceissuedbytheCopyright LicensingAgencyLtd,
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Applications forthecopyright holder’swrittenpermission
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BritishLibrary Cataloguing inPublication Data
Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailable fromtheBritishLibrary
ISBN0750652977
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TypesetbyLaserwords PrivateLimited, Chennai,India
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Contents
Preface vii
1 Glossary 1
2 Terminals 37
3 Transmission media 48
4 Serial interfaces 68
5 Data communication equipment 103
6 Parallel interfaces 130
7 Communication protocols 146
8 Local area networks 149
9 Wide area networks 175
10 Transmission protocols 182
11 Reference information 212
Index 241
Preface
Data communications continues to expand due to the increased use
of multi-media computers and through the use of the Internet and
company-wideIntranets.Theamountofdatatrafficcarriedoverpub-
lic telecommunication networks now exceeds that of voice traffic.
Data communications links range from a simple low-speed modem
operating over a pair of copper wires, through to complex packet
switched networks operating over an optical fibre.
‘Data’ could be defined as non-real-time digital information such
as data, photographic and video files. However, it could now also
include real-time video streams and voice traffic since these are digi-
tised and can have similar characteristics to data traffic. The conver-
genceofalltelecommunicationstrafficintopacketbasedtransmission
such as Internet Protocol (IP) blurs the distinction between real-time
and data traffic even more. The main distinction between them is
the time delay in transporting the information from the source to the
recipient; voice and real-time video must not be unduly delayed.
This fourth edition of the Data Communications Pocket Book
attemptstobrieflydescribeallcurrentformsofdatacommunications,
from computer interfaces and cables through to the protocols used in
packet based networks. New material includes Universal Serial Bus
(USB) and Firewire interfaces, as well as CAT-5 cables and Inter-
net Protocol version 6 (IPv6). Some material from the third edition
has been removed and the remaining topics have been updated. As
with any small book, there is never enough space to publish all the
information that may be needed. However, this book will hopefully
contain enough information to help engineers and technicians whilst
working away from their bulky reference books.
Steve Winder
1 Glossary
Abbreviations commonly used in data
communications
AAL asynchronous transfer mode adaptation layer
AAT arbitrated access timer
ABM asynchronous balanced mode
ABR available bit rate
AC access control
AC alternating current
ACD automatic call distributor
ACF advanced communication function
ACIA asynchronous communications interface adaptor
ACK acknowledge
ACU auto-call unit
ADCCP advanced data communication control procedure
ADLC add-on data link control
ADPCM adaptive pulse code modulation
ADSL asymmetrical digital subscriber line
AF audio frequency
AFP AppleTalk file protocol
ALOHA (an experimental radio broadcast network)
AM amplitude modulation
AMI alternate mark inverted
ANI automatic number identification
API application program interface
APPC advanced program-to-program communication
ARC attached resources computing
ARM asynchronous response mode
ARO automatic request for repetition
ARP address resolution protocol
ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ARQ automatic request for retransmission
ASCII American standard code for information interchange
ASK amplitude-shift keying
ASR automatic send/receive
ATDM asynchronous time division multiplexing
ATM asynchronous transfer mode
2
BBS bulletin board system
BCC block check character
BCD binary coded decimal
BCS binary synchronous communications
BDLC Burroughs data link control
BERT bit error rate test
BIOS basic input/output system
BISDN broadband integrated services digital network
BLERT block error rate test
bps bits per second
BRI basic rate interface
BSC bisynchronous communications
BSE basic service element
C7 see SS7
CANTAT Canada transatlantic telephony cable
CASE common applications service elements
CATV community antenna television (ie, cable TV)
CBDS connectionless broadband data service
CBR constant bit rate
CBX computerised branch exchange
CC control codes
CCP communications control program
CCS common-channel signalling
CCU communications control unit
CD carrier detect
CDMA code division multiple access
CDP conditional di-phase
CEPT European conference of Postal and Telecommunication
Administrations
CFR Cambridge fast ring
CHI communications hardware interface
CICS customer information control system
CILE call information logging equipment
CMIP common management information protocol
CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
CNM communications network management
CO central office
CODEC coder-decoder
CPE customer premises equipment
cps characters per second
CPU central processing unit
CRA call routing apparatus
3
CRC cyclic redundancy check
CRT cathode ray tube
CSMA carrier sense multiple access
CSMA/CA CSMA with collision avoidance
CSMA/CD CSMA with collision detection
CSPCN circuit-switched public data network
CSU channel service unit
CTA circuit terminating equipment
CTS clear to send
CUG closed user group
CVSD continuously variable slope delta modulation
DA destination address
DAA data access arrangement
DACS digital access and cross-connect system
DART dual asynchronous receiver/transmitter
DASS digital access signalling system
dB decibel
dBm decibels relative to a reference level of 1 mW
DC direct current
DCD data and carrier detect
DCE data circuit-terminating equipment
DCE data communications equipment
DDCMP digital data communication message protocol
DDD direct distance dialling
DDI direct dial-in
DDN digital data network
DDS Dataphone digital services
DDS digital data service
DEA data encryption algorithm
DECT digital European cordless telephone
DES data encryption standard
DID direct inward dialling
DNIC data network identification code
DOV data over voice
DPNSS digital private network signalling system
DPSK differential phase-shift keying
DQDB distributed queue dual bus
DRS data rate select
DSA distributed systems architecture
DSB double sideband
DSBSC double sideband suppressed carrier
DSC district switching centre
4
DSL digital subscriber line
DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer
DSU digital service unit
DTE data terminal equipment
DTMF dual tone multi-frequency
DTR data terminal ready
DUP data user part
DXI data exchange interface
EBCDIC extended binary coded decimal interchange code
EBX electronic branch exchange
ED ending delimiter
EDI electronic data interchange
EDU error detecting unit
EFT electronic funds transfer
EISA extended industry standard architecture
ELR earthed loop
EMA enterprise management architecture
EMC electromagnetic compatibility
EMI electromagnetic interference
ENQ enquiry
EOT end of transmission
EPoS electronic point of sale
EPSS experimental packet switching service
ESF extended superframe format
ETB end of transmitted block
ETS European Telecommunications Standard
ETX end of text
FAX facsimile
FC frame control
FCS frame check sequence
FDDI fibre distributed data interface
FDM frequency division multiplexing
FE format effectors
FEC forward error control
FEP front end processor
FIFO first-in, first-out (memory)
FM frequency modulation
FS frame status
FSK frequency-shift keying
FTAM file transfer access and management
FTP file transfer protocol