NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 20170001526: Study of the Impact of Long-Term Space Travel on the Astronauts' Microbiome. (Microbiome) PDF
Preview NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 20170001526: Study of the Impact of Long-Term Space Travel on the Astronauts' Microbiome. (Microbiome)
Study of the impact of long- term space travel on the Astronauts’ microbiome. (Microbiome) Alexander Voorhies, Manolito Torralba, Kelvin Moncera and Hernán Lorenzi The J. Craig Venter Institute C. Mark Ott, Satish Mehta, Brian Crucian, Alan Feiveson, and Duane L. Pierson NASA Johnson Space Center Galveston TX, January 24, 2017 Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI The human microbiome in health and disease Protection against microbial infections Stimulation of Synthesis of essential the Immune System compounds and detoxification y t si Endocrine r se regulation siv Anti-‐inflammatory activity odi GCR + bil from fiber intake sa Healthy Microbiome Microgravity ybi human d o Sleep deprivation alcr microbiome Stress bimi Altered Microbiome o crd Mental disorders ie Mc Diarrhea (anxiety, depression) u d e R Microbial Chronic diseases Infections (obesity, diabetes Cancer allergy, IBD, etc.) (colon, liver, etc.) Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Project Aims Hypothesis: Long-‐term exposure to stressors specifically associated with spaceflight affects the composition and relative abundance of the astronauts microbiome. – Aim 1: To characterize changes occurring in the gut, oral, skin and nose microbiomes of astronauts during a space mission – Aim 2: To assess astronauts’ immune function and stress levels and their effect on the crew microbiome. – Aim 3: To investigate whether environmental microbes of the ISS and other factors such as diet may promote changes in the astronaut's microbiome. Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Experimental design – Longitudinal study; N=9 astronauts that stay at least 6 months in ISS pre-‐flight ISS post-‐flight L-‐240 L-‐150 L-‐90 L-‐60 FD7 FD90 R-‐14 R-‐1 R+1-‐3 R+30 R+60 R+180 time body Aim 1 fecal saliva Aim 2 blood water ISS surface Aim 3 EHH survey astronauts’ stress immune environmental EHH microbiome system microbiome survey Data -‐16S V4 -‐cortisol -‐cytokines -‐16S V4 -‐Metadata: -‐metagenomic -‐VZV/EBV diet types sequencing virus health status (microbial and reactivation Temp viral fractions) Humidity Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Variation of stool alpha diversity during a mission to the ISS ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g efli tfli efli nfli tfli efli nfli tfli efli nfli tfli efli tfli efli nfli tfli efli nfli tfli efli tfli efli tfli Pr os Pr I os Pr I os Pr I os Pr os Pr I os Pr I os Pr os Pr os P P P P P P P P P AstA AstB AstC AstD AstE AstF AstG AstH AstI Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Variation of stool beta diversity during a mission to the ISS AstA AstB AstC AstD AstE AstF AstG AstH AstI Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Composition and dynamic of the ISS microbiome over time. 5 6 4 1 7 2 3 Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Interaction between the ISS and astronauts’ microbiomes Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Conclusions – The gut mirobiome changes during spaceflight and may or may not recover within the 60 days after the crew returns to Earth. – The microbiome of the ISS changes over time and is influenced by the skin microbiota of the crew members inhabiting the ISS at a particular time. Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI Acknowledgments Universidad del Norte Eduardo Zurek Hernan Lorenzi Mark Ott Alexander Voorhies Duane Pierson Manny Torralba Satish Mehta Kelvin Moncera Brian Crucian Karen Nelson ISSMP experiment team NASA’s Human Research Program for funding Hernan Lorenzi, JCVI
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