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Molecular Regulation of Arousal States (Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology Series) PDF

229 Pages·1997·3.69 MB·English
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CRC Press Boca Raton New York Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Molecular regulation of arousal states / edited by Ralph Lydic. p. cm. — (CRC Press methods in the life sciences. Cellular and molecular neuropharmacology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8493-3361-X (alk. paper) 1. Molecular neurobiology—Laboratory manuals. 2. Arousal (Physiology)—Research—Laboratory manuals. 3. Sleep—Research- -Laboratory manuals. I. Lydic, Ralph. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Arousal—physiology. 2. Sleep—physiology. 3. In Situ Hybridization. WL 103 M7185 1997] QP356.2.M665 1997 612.8′21—dc21 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 97-21353 CIP This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All rights reserved. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the personal or internal use of specific clients, may be granted by CRC Press LLC, provided that $.50 per page photocopied is paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970 USA. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is ISBN 0-8493-3361-X/98/$0.00+$.50. The fee is subject to change without notice. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLC for such copying. Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W., Boca Raton, Florida 33431. © 1998 by CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number 0-8493-3361-X Library of Congress Card Number 97-21353 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper © 1998 by CRC Press LLC The Editor Ralph Lydic, Ph.D., is Director of Anesthesia and Neuroscience Research and Professor of Anesthesia and Cellular & Molecular Physiology at The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA. Dr. Lydic’s research career has maintained a focus on the neurobiology of sleep and breathing. His 1979 Ph.D. in physiology from Texas Tech University used single-cell recording techniques to test the hypothesis that the onset of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep caused diminished discharge of pontine respiratory neurons. Postdoctoral years were spent in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at Harvard Medical School. In 1981, Dr. Lydic joined the Laboratory of Neurophysiology at Harvard Medical School, where he served as Assistant Professor of Physiology. In 1986, Dr. Lydic moved his laboratory to the Pulmonary Division of The Pennsylvania State University’s College of Medicine, where his research emphasized the neural control of breathing. In 1989, Dr. Lydic was appointed Director of the Division of Anesthesia and Neuroscience Research. Since 1991, he has served as Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and in the Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology. Awards and honors resulting from Dr. Lydic’s research include an Upjohn Pharmaceutical Scholarship (Harvard Medical School); Neurobiology Program Scholarship (Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory); Neurobiology Program Scholarship (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY); National Research Service Award (Harvard Medical School); William F. Milton Award (Harvard Medical School); Mentor for Scholl Fellowship, National SIDS Foundation (Pennsylvania State Uni- versity); Mentor for Parker B. Francis Fellowship (Pennsylvania State University); Visiting Scientist, NASA Division of Space Life Sciences, Johnson Space Center (1994 to 1995); Dunaway-Burnham Visiting Scholar, Dartmouth Medical School (1995); Mentor for Proctor and Gamble Award from the American Physiological Society (1996); and Mentor for Precollege Science Education Initiative, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (1996). Dr. Lydic has served the American Physiological Society (APS) in a variety of offices including Chairman, Central Nervous System (CNS) Section; Program Advisory Committee; CNS Section Advisory Committee; Long-Range Planning © 1998 by CRC Press LLC Committee; Chairman, FASEB Theme Committee: “Nervous System Function and Disorder”; Nominating Committee; Committee on Committees; and Public Affairs Committee. Dr. Lydic’s research program spans issues from the level of transmembrane cell signaling to integrative aspects of respiratory and arousal state control. His studies aim to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that cause respiratory depres- sion during the loss of waking consciousness. These basic studies are funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health because of their potential clinical relevance for disorders such as sudden infant death syn- drome, adult sleep apnea, and anesthesia-induced respiratory depression. © 1998 by CRC Press LLC Contributors H. Elliott Albers, Ph.D. Sophie Burlet, Doctorant Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology Department of Experimental Medicine and Behavior INSERM U, CNRS ERS Departments of Biology and Claude Bernard University Psychology Lyon, France Georgia State University Raymond Cespuglio, Ph.D. Atlanta, GA Department of Experimental Medicine INSERM U, CNRS ERS Helen A. Baghdoyan, Ph.D. Claude Bernard University Departments of Anesthesia and Lyon, France Pharmacology The Pennsylvania State University Zutang Chen College of Medicine Department of Veterinary Comparative Hershey, PA Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology Radhika Basheer, Ph.D. Washington State University VA Medical Center and Harvard Pullman, WA Medical School Brockton, MA Chiara Cirelli, M.D., Ph.D. The Neurosciences Institute Maja Bucan, Ph.D. San Diego, CA Center for Neurobiology and Luis de Lecea, Ph.D. Behavior Department of Molecular Biology Department of Psychiatry The Scripps Research Institute University of Pennsylvania La Jolla, CA Philadelphia, PA Charles W. Emala, M.D. Jerry J. Buccafusco, Ph.D. Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Pharmacology and Critical Care Medicine Toxicology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Alzheimer’s Research Center Baltimore, MD Medical College of Georgia and Marek Fischer, Ph.D. Medical Research Service Institute of Molecular Biology VA Medical Center University of Zürich Augusta, GA Zürich, Switzerland © 1998 by CRC Press LLC Mary Ann Greco, Ph.D. Miroslaw Mackiewicz, Ph.D. VA Medical Center and Harvard Division of Sleep and Chronobiology Medical School Department of Psychiatry Brockton, MA University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Steven Henriksen, Ph.D. Philadelphia, PA The Scripps Research Institute Jean C. Manson, Ph.D. La Jolla, CA Institute for Animal Health BBSRC/MRC A. Urban Höglund, Ph.D. Neuropathogenesis Unit Department of Comparative Medicine Edinburgh, Scotland Biomedical Center Uppsala, Sweden Patrick M. Nolan, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology and Behavior Thomas A. Houpt, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry E.W. Bourne Behavioral Research University of Pennsylvania Laboratory Philadelphia, PA Department of Psychiatry Cornell Medical College Allan I. Pack, M.D., Ph.D. White Plains, NY Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology Kim L. Huhman, Ph.D. Pulmonary and Critical Care Division Department of Psychology Department of Medicine Georgia State University University of Pennsylvania School of Atlanta, GA Medicine Philadelphia, PA Thomas S. Kilduff, Ph.D. Maria Pompeiano, M.D., Ph.D. Center for Sleep and Circadian The Neurosciences Institute Neurobiology San Diego, CA Departments of Biological Sciences and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen, M.D., Ph.D. Stanford University Department of Psychiatry Stanford, CA Harvard Medical School and Brockton VA Medical Center James M. Krueger, Ph.D. Brockton, MA Department of Veterinary Comparative Anatomy, Physiology, and Mark A. Prendergast, Ph.D. Pharmacology Department of Pharmacology and Washington State University Toxicology Pullman, WA Alzheimer’s Research Center Medical College of Georgia Clete A. Kushida, M.D., Ph.D. and Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic and Medical Research Service Research Center VA Medical Center Stanford, CA Augusta, GA © 1998 by CRC Press LLC

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Arousal states are processes that include waking, deep sleep, and the dreaming phase of sleep (REM). Molecular Regulation of Arousal States explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which sleep and wakefulness are regulated and seeks explanations for the generation of arousal states. It pres
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