Meteorology demystified PDF
Preview Meteorology demystified
METEOROLOGY DEMYSTIFIED Demystified Series Advanced Statistics Demystified Algebra Demystified Anatomy Demystified Astronomy Demystified Biology Demystified Business Statistics Demystified C++ Demystified Calculus Demystified Chemistry Demystified College Algebra Demystified Data Structures Demystified Databases Demystified Differential Equations Demystified Digital Electronics Demystified Earth Science Demystified Electricity Demystified Electronics Demystified Environmental Science Demystified Everyday Math Demystified Geometry Demystified Home Networking Demystified Investing Demystified Java Demystified JavaScript Demystified Macroeconomics Demystified Math Proofs Demystified Math Word Problems Demystified Microbiology Demystified OOPDemystified Options Demystified Personal Computing Demystified Physics Demystified Physiology Demystified Pre-Algebra Demystified Precalculus Demystified Probability Demystified Project Management Demystified Quantum Mechanics Demystified Relativity Demystified Robotics Demystified Six Sigma Demystified Statistics Demystified Trigonometry Demystified METEOROLOGY DEMYSTIFIED STAN GIBILISCO McGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 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DOI: 10.1036/0071448489 To Samuel, Tim, and Tony from Uncle Stan This page intentionally left blank For more information about this title, click here CONTENTS Preface xi CHAPTER 1 Background Physics 1 The Solid Phase 1 The Liquid Phase 6 The Gaseous Phase 14 What Is Heat? 17 Temperature 21 Some Effects of Temperature 27 Temperature and States of Matter 31 Quiz 36 CHAPTER 2 The Atmosphere 39 Common Variables 39 Atmospheric Circulation 44 Weather Systems 49 Weather Maps 57 Wind Speed 61 Clouds 64 Quiz 72 vii viii CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 Observation and Forecasting 75 Some Weather Lore 75 Basic Observation Tools 80 Advanced Observation Tools 88 Forecasting Methods 94 Numerical Forecasting 100 Quiz 102 CHAPTER 4 Rain and Lightning 105 Thunderstorm Formation and Evolution 105 A Hypothetical Severe Thunderstorm 111 Effects of a Thunderstorm 114 The Anatomy of Lightning 119 Protection from Lightning 126 Quiz 130 CHAPTER 5 Tornadoes 133 Formation and Prediction 133 Tornado Behavior 140 Variations on a Violent Theme 146 Protecting Property and Life 152 Quiz 156 CHAPTER 6 Tropical Cyclones 159 A Hypothetical Storm 159 The Azores-Bermuda High 163 Anatomy of a Hurricane 167 Hurricane Life Cycles 169 Effects of a Hurricane 172 Preparation and Survival 182 Debby Strikes 186 Quiz 192 CONTENTS ix CHAPTER 7 Winter Weather 195 The Stormiest Season 195 Anatomy and Effects 202 Blizzards 212 Winter into Spring 222 Quiz 227 CHAPTER 8 Abnormal Weather 231 Heat Waves 231 Cold Spells 240 Too Much Water 246 Not Enough Water 251 Quiz 255 CHAPTER 9 The Past and Future Climate 259 Early Weather 259 Glacial and Interglacial Periods 260 The Future: Warming or Cooling? 273 Weather and Climate Modification 279 Quiz 282 Final Exam 285 Answers to Quiz and Exam Questions 313 Suggested Additional References 317 Index 319
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