Latin American Politics and Development PDF
Preview Latin American Politics and Development
EEiigghhtthh EEddiittiioonn “Th is is the outstanding textbook in comparative Latin American politics.” WIARDA —Jorge I. Dominguez, Harvard University LATIN KLINE MMM “Gathered from writers who are experts in regions throughout Latin America, the chapters vividly highlight important historical events as well as current L political challenges facing these nations. . . . A staple in the fi eld of Latin OOO American politics. Highly recommended.” —Choice A AMERICAN DDDT AA I For over thirty years Latin American Politics and Development has kept instructors A nn EEEN and students abreast of current aff airs in Latin America. Now in its eighth edition, this N POLITICS defi nitive text has been updated throughout and features contributions from experts in RRRII D nn the fi eld, including twenty entirely new chapters on Central America, the Caribbean, A and South America. New material addresses Venezuela aft er the death of Hugo Chávez, NNN tt DMrr Mexico and the continuing drug war, Cuba as Raúl Castro changes the revolution of his oo brother Fidel, and important changes with new presidents in Colombia, Uruguay, and E AND Edd Chile. In addition to detailed country-by-country chapters, Latin American Politics and MMMV Development provides a comprehensive regional overview. Five foundational chapters Ruu DEVELOPMENT E by the editors cover the changing context of Latin American politics, the pattern of cc IIII historical development, interest groups and political parties, government machinery, Ltt C DDDii the role of the state and public policy, and the struggle for democracy. Ooo A nn HOWARD J. WIARDA is Dean Rusk Professor of International Relations at the DDDP N University of Georgia and senior associate in residence at the Center for Strategic Mtt and International Studies in Washington, DC. He is the author or editor of numerous LLL oo books, including A Concise Introduction to Latin American Politics and Development. P EEEE t t O HARVEY F. KLINE is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Nhh Alabama. He is the author of numerous books, including Colombia: Democracy Under L EEEee Assault, A Concise Introduction to Latin American Politics and Development, Historical TI Dictionary of Colombia, Showing Teeth to the Dragons, and Chronicle of a Failure AAAT Foretold. SSSI C TTT Cover Image © Shutterstock S Cover Design: Miguel Santana & Wendy Halitzer Eighth ������ �� Edition HOWARD J. WIARDA AND HARVEY F. KLINE A Member of the Perseus Books Group www.westviewpress.com Latin american PoLitics and deveLoPment 9780813349046-text.indd 1 10/10/13 4:13 PM 9780813349046-text.indd 2 10/10/13 4:13 PM Latin american PoLitics and deveLoPment eighth edition Edited by Howard J. Wiarda, University of Georgia Harvey F. Kline, University of Alabama a member of the Perseus books grouP 9780813349046-text.indd 3 10/10/13 4:13 PM Westview Press was founded in 1975 in Boulder, Colorado, by notable publisher and intel- lectual Fred Praeger. Westview Press continues to publish scholarly titles and high-quality undergraduate- and graduate-level textbooks in core social science disciplines. With books developed, written, and edited with the needs of serious nonfiction readers, professors, and stu- dents in mind, Westview Press honors its long history of publishing books that matter. Copyright © 2014 by Westview Press Published by Westview Press, A Member of the Perseus Books Group All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address Westview Press, 2465 Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301. Find us on the World Wide Web at www.westviewpress.com. Every effort has been made to secure required permissions for all text, images, maps, and other art reprinted in this volume. Westview Press books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the United States by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 2300 Chestnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19103, or call (800) 810-4145, ext. 5000, or e-mail special.markets@ perseusbooks.com. Designed by Jack Lenzo Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Latin American politics and development / edited by Howard J. Wiarda, University of George, Harvey F. Kline, University of Alabama.—Eighth edition. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8133-4904-6 (pbk.)—ISBN 978-0-8133-4905-3 (e-book) 1. Latin America— Politics and government. I. Wiarda, Howard J., 1939– II. Kline, Harvey F. F1410.L39 2014 320.98—dc23 2013025394 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 9780813349046-text.indd 4 10/10/13 4:13 PM contents List of Tables and Maps ix List of Acronyms xi Preface to the Eighth Edition xiii Part i The Latin American Tradition and Process of Development 1 Howard J. Wiarda and Harvey F. Kline 1 The Context of Latin American Politics 3 2 The Pattern of Historical Development 17 3 Interest Groups and Political Parties 31 4 Government Machinery, the Role of the State, and Public Policy 51 5 The Struggle for Democracy in Latin America 61 Part ii The Political Systems of South America 73 6 Argentina in the Twenty-First Century 75 Linda Chen 7 Brazil: A Unique Country 97 Iêda Siqueira Wiarda 8 Chile: Alternative Approaches to Development 127 Paul E. Sigmund 9 Colombia: Unfading Glory and Furrows of Pain 155 Vanessa Joan Gray v 9780813349046-text.indd 5 10/10/13 4:13 PM vi Contents 10 Peru in the Twenty-First Century: Confronting the Past, Charting the Future 181 Julio F. Carrión and David Scott Palmer 11 The Legacy of Charisma: Venezuelan Politics After Hugo Chávez 207 David Myers 12 Uruguay: Balancing Growth and Democracy 237 Ronald H. McDonald and Martin Weinstein 13 Paraguay: The Problems and Politics of Democratic Institutionalization 255 Paul C. Sondrol 14 Bolivia: From Neoliberal Democracy to Multiethnic, Plebiscitarian Politics 271 Fabrice Lehoucq 15 Ecuador: From Crisis to Left Turn 287 Jennifer N. Collins Part iii The Political Systems of Central and Middle America and the Caribbean 305 16 Mexico: Democratization, Development, and Internal War 307 Judith A. Gentleman 17 Cuba: Revolution in the Balance? 335 Juan M. del Aguila and Frank O. Mora 18 Costa Rica 361 Mitchell A. Seligson 19 Nicaragua: The Politics of Frustration 375 Richard L. Millett 20 El Salvador: Civil War to Uncivil Peace 387 Christine J. Wade 21 Guatemala: Progress and Peril in an Age of Globalization 405 Dwight Wilson 22 Honduras: Fragile Democracy 417 J. Mark Ruhl 23 Panama: The Challenge of Governance in Boom Times 429 Steve C. Ropp 24 The Dominican Republic: A Winding Road to Democracy and Development 443 Esther Skelley Jordan 9780813349046-text.indd 6 10/10/13 4:13 PM Contents vii 25 Haiti: Conflict and the Search for Democratic Governance 459 Georges A. Fauriol Part iv Conclusion 471 26 Latin America and the Future 473 Howard J. Wiarda and Harvey F. Kline About the Editors and Contributors 481 Index 483 9780813349046-text.indd 7 10/10/13 4:13 PM 9780813349046-text.indd 8 10/10/13 4:13 PM tabLes and maPs Tables 1.1 Indices of Modernization in Latin America, 2008 9 2.1 Contrasting Foundations of Latin and North American Society 21 3.1 Patterns of Civil-Military Relations in 2000 35 5.1 Characteristics of Liberal Democracy 67 5.2 Guillermo O’Donnell’s Characteristics of Delegative Democracy 69 11.1 Sequential Elections That Strengthened PSUV Governors 227 17.1 Members of the Political Bureau of the Cuban Communist Party (PCC) (2008–2009) 353 Maps South America 74 Argentina 76 Brazil 98 Chile 128 Colombia 156 Peru 182 Venezuela 208 Uruguay 238 Paraguay 256 Bolivia 272 Ecuador 288 Central and Middle America and the Caribbean 306 Mexico 308 Cuba 356 ix 9780813349046-text.indd 9 10/10/13 4:13 PM
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