Laser Spectroscopy III: Proceedings of the Third International Conference, Jackson Lake Lodge, Wyoming, USA, July 4–8, 1977

481 Pages·1977·10.696 MB·English

by  B. P. Stoicheff (auth.), Dr. John L. Hall, Dr. John L. Carlsten (eds.)

Springer Series in Optical Seiences Volume 7
Editor David L. MacAdam
Springer Series in Optical Seiences
Volume 1 Solid-State Laser Engineering
By W. Koechner
Volume 2 Table of Laser Lines in Gases and Vapors
By R. Beck, W. Englisch, and K. Gürs
Volume 3 Thnable Lasers and Applications
Editors: A. Mooradian, T. Jaeger, and P. Stokseth
Volume 4 Nonlinear Laser Spectroscopy
By V. S. Letokhov and V. P. Chebotayev
Volume 5 Optics and Lasers An Engineering Physics Approach
By M. Young
Volume 6 Photoelectron Statistics With Applications to Spectroscopy
and Optical Communications
ByB. Saleh
Volume 7 Laser Spectroscopy 111
Editors: J. L. Hall and J. L. Carlsten
Laser
Spectroscopy 111
Proceedings of the Third International Conference
JacksonLakeLodge, Wyoming, USA,July4-8, 1977
Editors
J. L. Hall and J. L. Carlsten
With 296 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1977
Dr. JoHN L. HALL
Dr. JoHN L. CARLSTEN
Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Dr. DAVID L. MACADAM
68 Harnmond Street, Rochester, NY 14615, USA
Conference Chairmen: Dr. John L. Hall and Dr. John L. Carlsten
TICOLS Steering Committee:
A. Mooradian H. Walther V. S. Letokhov C. J. Borde H. Takuma
R. G. Brewer T. W. Hänsch S. E. Harris G. Series S. Haroche
R. N. Zare M. 0. Scully C. Rhodes
TICOLS Sponsors:
National Bureau of Standards Office of Naval Research
Joint Institute for Laboratory Astro Chromatix
physics Coherent Radiation
National Science Foundation Laser Analytics
U. S. Energy Research and Development Spectra Physics
Agency William Waldorf Astor
U. S. Army Research Office Foundation
ISBN 978-3-662-13485-6 ISBN 978-3-540-35968-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-35968-5
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© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1977
Originally publiohed by Springer-Verlag Berlin Deideiberg N ew York in 1977
Softcover reprint of the bardeover ht edition 1977
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2153/3130-543210
Preface
The Third International Conference on Laser Spectroscopy, affectionately
known as TICOLS, was held at Jackson Lake Lodge, Wyoming, on July 4-8, 1977.
As its predecessors held at Vail, Colorado, and Megeve, France, the confer
ence aimed at providing an informal atmosphere in which leading interna
tional scientists could discuss the applications of laser techniques to
spectroscopic problems of outstanding interest. Jackson Lake Lodge was
chosen as the location for TICOLS because of its excellent conference facil
ities and remote location which would allow the participants ample oppor
tunity to meet and discuss physics in an informal, relaxed manner.
The conference was truly international: 165 scientists represented 19
countries, including Algeria, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, France,
Germany (DDR), Germany (FRG), Holland, Israel, Italy, Japan, New Zealand,
Pakistan, Poland, Scotland, Sweden, the U.S.A., and the U.S.S.R.
Numerous people have contributed their time, effort, and enthusiasm,
without which the success of this conference would not have been possible.
In particular, we would like to thank our sponsors for their financial sup
port and the members of the steering committee for their advice in planning
the program. In addition, we express our appreciation to those members of
the staff at the Joint Institute for Labaratory Astrophysics and the staff
at the Bureau of Conferences and Institutes at the University of Colorado
for their help with the numerous tasks involved in organizing this confer
ence. Finally, we are grateful to Alice Levine for her rapid and efficient
technical editing of the manuscripts, which allowed publication of this book
less than four months after TICOLS was held.
J. L. Hall
August 1977 J. L. Carl sten
Contents
I. Fundamental Physical Applications of Laser SpectroscopY
Present Status of the Laser Revolution in Spectroscopy
By B.P. Stoicheff • . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Experimental Study of a Highly Forbidden Magnetic Transition.
Search for Parity Violation. By M.A. Bouchiat and L. Pottier .... 9
Search for Optical Rotation Induced by the Weak Neutral
Current. By P.G.H. Sandars . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 21
Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy in Astronomy
By A. L. Betz, E. C. Sutton, and R.A. McLaren . . . . . . • • . . . . • • . . . . . . . . 31
Precision Measurement of the Ground State Lamb Shift in
Hydrogen and Deuterium. By C. Wieman and T.W. Hänsch ............ 39
Selective Single Atom Detection in a 1Ql9 Atom Background
By G.S. Hurst, M.H. Nayfeh, J.P. Young, M.G. Payne, and
L. W. Grossman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 44
Laser Frequency Measurements: A Review, Limitations, Extension
to 197 THz (1.5 By K.M. Evenson, D.A. Jennings,
~m).
F. R. Petersen, and J. S. We 11 s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Laser Spectroscopy of the ~drogen Molecular Ion Ho+
By W. H. Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 69
II. Multiple Photon Dissociation
Selective Dissociation of Polyatomic Molecules by Two
Infrared Pulses. By R.V. Ambartzumian, G.N. Makarov,
and A. A. Puretzky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Collisionless Multiphoton Dissociation of SF6:
A Statistical Thermodynamic Process. By N. Bloembergen
and E. Yab 1o novi tch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Multiphoton Dissociation of Polyatomic Molecules Studied
with a Molecular Beam. By E.R. Grant, P.A. Schulz,
Aa.S. Sudbo, M.J. Coggiola, Y.T. Lee, and Y.R. Shen .............. 94
Laser Diode Spectra of Spherical-Top Molecules
By R.S. McDowell .............•..................•................ 102
VIII
Coherent versus Stochastic Theories of Collisionless Multiple-
Photon Excitation of Polyatomic Molecules. By C.D. Cantrell 109
Multiphoton Dissociation of Polyatomic Molecules: ·Quantum
or Classical? By W.E. Lamb, Jr .................................. 116
III. New Sub-Doppler Interaction Technigues
Progress in Understanding Sub-Doppler Line Shapes
By C.J. Borde .................................................... 121
Optical Ramsey Fringes in Two-Photon Spectroscopy
By M.M. Salour ................................................... 135
Ramsey Fringes in Saturation Spectroscopy. By J.C. Bergquist,
S. A. Lee, and J. L. Ha 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Multiple Coherent Interactions. By T.W. Hänsch ..................... 149
Doppler-Free Laser-Induced Dichroism and Birefringence
By C. Delsart and J. -c. Keller .................................... 154
IV. Highly Excited States, Ionization, and High Intensity
Interactions
Identification of Rydberg States in the Atomic Lanthanides
and Actinides. By J.A. Paisner, R.W. Solarz, E.F. Worden,
and J. G. Conway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Multiphoton Ionization Spectroscopy of the Alkaline Earths
By P. Esherick, J.J. Wynne, and J.A. Armstrang ................... 170
Measurement and Calculation of Excited Alkali Hyperfine and
Stark Parameters. By S. Svanberg ................................ 183
Spontaneaus Raman Effect in Intense Laser Fields
By C. Cohen-Tannoudji and S. Reynaud ............................. 195
Collisional and Radiative Effects in Three-Level Systems
By J.L. Carlsten and M.G. Raymer ................................. 205
V. Optical Transients
Superfluorescence in Cesium: Camparisan with Theory and
Application to Quantum Beat Spectroscopy. By H.M. Gibbs,
Q.H.F. Vrehen, and H.M.J. Hikspoors .............................. 213
Coherent Transients and Pulse Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
By R.G. Brewer, A.Z. Genack, and S.B. Grassman ................... 220
High Resolution Studies in Fast Ion Beams. By M. Dufay
and M.L. Gaillard ................................................ 231
IX
Laser Saturation Spectroscopy in the Time-Delayed Mode
By M. Ducloy and M.S. Feld .•.•....••.............•...........•... 243
Optical Transients in Doppler-Free Two-Photon Excitation
By B. Cagnac, M. Bassini, F. Biraben, and G. Grynberg .••.•.•.•... 258
Coherent Optical Spectroscopy of Molecules Undergoing Resonance
Scattering and Radiationless Transitions: The Right-Angle
"Photon Echo. By A. H. Zewai 1 . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . 268
VI. High Resolution and Double Resonance
Infrared-Microwave Double Resonance. By K. Shimoda ...••............ 279
RF Spectroscopy in a Laser Cavity: uPure" Nuclear Quadrupole
Spectra. By E. Arimondo, P. Glorieux, and T. Oka ................ 287
Investigation of the Fine Structure Splitting of Rydberg
States. By G. Leuchs and H. Walther ...........•....•.........•.. 299
Laser-Induced Line Shifts and Double-Quantum Lamb Dips
By R. Kei 1 and P. E. Toschek ..•...............••.................. 306
VII. Laser Spectroscopic Applications
Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy. By J.-P. Taran ........•.•. 315
Laser Spectroscopy Relevant to Stratospheric Photochemistry
By R. T. Menzies .......••...........•........................••..• 325
Lang Range Interaction Between cw Laser Beams in an Atomic
Vapor. By W. Happer and A.C. Tam •.....•......................•.. 333
Phase Matehing of 2-Photon Resonant 4-Wave Mixing Processes
By G.C. Bjorklund, J.E. Bjorkholm, R.R. Freeman, and
P. F. Li ao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . 344
Laser Spectroscopy of Sound NaNe and Related Atomic Physics
By D.E. Pritchard, R. Ahmad-Bitar, and W.P. Lapatovich ........... 355
VIII. Laser Sources
Optically Pumped Continuous Alkali Dimer Lasers. By H. Welling
and B. Wellegehausen ............................................. 365
Tunable Infrared Lasers Using Color Centers. By H. Welling,
G. Litfin, and R. Beigang ........................................ 370
IR Spectroscopy via Difference-Frequency Generation
By A. S. Pi ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
X
Pulsed and cw Optically Pumped Lasers for Novel Applications
in Spectroscopy and Kinetics. By J.B. Kaffend, R.W. Field,
D.R. Guyer, and S.R. Leone ....................................... 382
Generation and Applications of 16 GHz Tunable Sidebands from
a C0 Laser. By P.K. Cheo .............•......................... 394
2
The Free Electron Laser. By D.A.G. Deacon, L.R. Elias,
J.M.J. Madey, H.A. Schwettman, and T.I. Smith .................... 402
IX. Laser Wavelength Measurements
Laser Wavelength Measurements, Why? How? and How Accurate?
By P. Giacomo ..................................•................. 410
Digital Wavemeter for cw Lasers. By F.V. Kowalski,
W. Demtröder, and A.L. Schawlow ..............•................... 412
A Wavelength Meter. By R.L. Byer, J. Paul, and M.D. Duncan ......... 414
Motionless Michelsen for High Precision Laser Frequency
Measurements: The Sigmameter. By P. Jacquinot, P. Juncar,
and J. Pinard .................•.................................. 417
Fizeau Wavelength Meter. By J.J. Snyder ............................ 419
A Traveling Michelsen Interferometer with Phase-Locked
Fringe Interpolation. By S.A. Lee and J.L. Hall .............•... 421
A Self-Calibrating Grating. By T.W. Hänsch .....•..•................ 423
A Simple Mo.ving-Carriage Interferometer for 1 in 107 Wavelength
Intercomparison, and a Servo-controlled Fabry-Perot System
for 3 in 1011 Accuracy. By W.R.C. Rowley, K.C. Shotton,
and P. T. Woods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
X. Postdeadline Papers
Tunable Laser Infrared Photochemistry at Cryogenic Temperatures
By J.K. Burdett, P.G. Buckley, B. Davies, J.H. Carpenter,
A. McNeish, M. Poliakoff, J.J. Turner, D.H. Whiffen,
R.L. Allwood, J.D. Muse, S.O. Smith, H. MacKenzie, and
T. Scragg .........................•........•..................... 427
Measurement of a Diamagnetic Shift in Atomic Structure
~perfine
By N. P. Economou, S. J. Li pson, and D. J. Larson .•................. 429
Light-Asststed Collisional Energy Transfer. By Ph. Cahuzac
and P.E. Toschek ................................................. 431
Two-Photon Optical Free-Induction Decay in Atomic Sodium Vapor
By P.F. Liao, J.E. Bjorkholm, and J.P. Gordon .................... 433