Language Ideologies, Policies and Practices: Language and the Future of Europe

279 Pages·2006·2.477 MB·

by  Clare Mar-Molinero, Patrick Stevenson

Language & Globalization Series
Series Editors: Sue Wright, University of Portsmouth, UK and Helen Kelly-Holmes,
University of Limerick, Ireland
In the context of current political and social developments, where the national
group is not so clearly defined and delineated, the state language not so clearly
dominant in every domain, and cross-border flow and transfers affect more than
a small elite, new patterns of language use will develop. This series aims to
provide a framework for reporting on and analysing the linguistic outcomes of
globalization and localization.
Titles include:
David Block
MULTILINGUAL IDENTITIES IN A GLOBAL CITY
Jenny Carl and Patrick Stevenson (editors)
LANGUAGE, DISCOURSE AND IDENTITY IN CENTRAL EUROPE
The German Language in a Multilingual Space
Julian Edge (editor)
(RE-)LOCATING TESOL IN AN AGE OF EMPIRE
Alexandra Galasinska and Michap Krzy~anowski (editors)
DISCOURSES OF TRANSFORMATION IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Roxy Harris
NEW ETHNICITIES AND LANGUAGE USE
Diarmait Mac Giolla Chríost
LANGUAGE AND THE CITY
Clare Mar-Molinero & Patrick Stevenson (editors)
LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES, POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Language and the Future of Europe
Clare Mar-Molinero & Miranda Stewart (editors)
GLOBALIZATION AND LANGUAGE IN THE SPANISH SPEAKING WORLD
Macro and Micro Perspectives
Ulrike Hanna Meinhof & Dariusz Galasinski
THE LANGUAGE OF BELONGING
Richard C. M. Mole (editor)
DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF IDENTITY IN EUROPEAN POLITICS
Leigh Oakes and Jane Warren
LANGUAGE, CITIZENSHIP AND IDENTITY IN QUEBEC
Colin H. Williams
LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN DEMOCRATIC CONTEXT
Forthcoming titles:
John Edwards
CHALLENGES IN THE SOCIAL LIFE OF LANGUAGE
Helen Kelly-Holmes and Gerlinde Mautner
LANGUAGE AND THE MARKET
Jane Jackson
INTERCULTURALITY IN STUDY AT HOME AND ABROAD
Mario Saraceni
THE RELOCATION OF ENGLISH
Christina Slade and Martina Mollering
FROM MIGRANT TO CITIZEN: TESTING LANGUAGE, TESTING CULTURE
Language and Globalization
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978–1–4039–9732–6 Paperback
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Language Ideologies,
Policies and Practices
Language and the
Future of Europe
Edited by
Clare Mar-Molinero
and
Patrick Stevenson
University of Southampton
Selection, editorial matter and introduction © Clare Mar-Molinero and
Patrick Stevenson 2006
Chapters © the individual authors 2006
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2007 978-1-4039-9899-6
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this
publication may be made without written permission.
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permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,
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Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication
may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors have asserted their rights to be identified
as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published in hardback 2006
This paperback edition published 2009 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
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ISBN 978-0-230-58008-4 ISBN 978-0-230-52388-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-0-230-52388-3
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country of origin.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Language ideologies, policies, and practices:language and the future of
Europe/edited by Clare Mar-Molinero and Patrick Stevenson.
p. cm. — (Language and globalization)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Language policy—Europe. 2. Language planning—Europe.
3. Europe—Languages—Political aspects. I. Mar-Molinero, Clare,
1948– II. Stevenson, Patrick, 1954– III. Series.
P119.32.E85L284 2005
306.44′94—dc22 2005050961
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09
Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Acknowledgements viii
Notes on Contributors x
1 Language, the National and the Transnational in
Contemporary Europe 1
Patrick Stevenson and Clare Mar-Molinero
Part I The European Legacy: Theoretical Issues
2 Migration, Minorities and Multilingualism:
Language Ideologies in Europe 13
Susan Gal
3 A European Perspective on Language as Liminality 28
Christopher Brumfit
4 Americanization, Language Ideologies and the
Construction of European Identities 44
Thomas Ricento
5 The Role of ‘Europe’ in the South African Language
Debate, with Special Reference to Political Traditions 58
Gerrit Brand
6 The European Linguistic Legacy in a Global Era: Linguistic
Imperialism, Spanish and the Instituto Cervantes 76
Clare Mar-Molinero
Part II New Formations in Europe: Language and
Social Change
7 Why ‘New’ Newspeak?: Axiological Insights into
Language Ideologies and Practices in Poland 91
Anna Duszak
v
vi Contents
8 Language Planning and National Identity in Sweden:
A Performativity Approach 104
Tommaso M. Milani
9 The Macedonian Standard Language: Tito–Yugoslav
Experiment or Symbol of ‘Great Macedonian’
Ethnic Inclusion? 118
Christian Voss
10 Language Loyalty in the Baltic: Russian Artists and
Linguistic Nationalism in Estonia 133
Rémy Rouillard
11 ‘National’ Languages in Transnational Contexts:
Language, Migration and Citizenship in Europe 147
Patrick Stevenson
12 The European Paradox: Swiss Discourses of Identity
Between Dependence and Xenophobia 162
Robert Gould
13 Conducting Dissonance: Codeswitching and Differential
Access to Context in the Belgian Asylum Process 177
Katrijn Maryns and Jan Blommaert
14 Multilingual Migrants and Monolingual Teachers:
The Discursive Construction of Identity in a
Flanders Primary School 191
Massimiliano Spotti
15 Changing Media Spaces: The Transformative Power of
Heteroglossic Practices 206
Brigitta Busch
16 Dobry den Košice – üdvözlöm Kassát – Hello Kosice:
Language Choice in a Slovak Internet Guestbook 220
Lukas Bleichenbacher
References 237
Index 256
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
16.1 Slovak vs Kosice residents by ethnic structure,
2001 census 222
16.2 Language versions of official websites in Slovak cities 224
16.3 Entries from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland
and Hungary 227
16.4 Entries from Germany, Austria and Switzerland 229
16.5 Entries from the rest of Europe 230
16.6 Entries from North America 231
16.7 Entries from various other countries 233
Figures
16.1 Origin of guestbook entries 226
16.2 Dominant language of entries 227
vii
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the many people who contributed to the prepa-
ration and production of this book and to acknowledge the support
provided by our colleagues in Modern Languages at the University of
Southampton. The book would never have taken shape without the
highly successful and thought-provoking conference, by the same title,
held at the Southampton Centre for Transnational Studies in July 2004
with financial support from the University Association for Contemporary
European Studies. Versions of all the chapters of this book were first
presented there, and the authors benefited greatly from the feedback
and lively discussion that took place. We would especially like to
acknowledge the tireless work and support that our research assistant
Anna Efstathiadou-Adams provided throughout the organisation of this
event. We also wish to thank our co-organisers Christopher Brumfit and
Michael Kelly for their contribution to the planning, as well as our
student helpers for their invaluable work: Michael Doleschal, Amanda
Hilmarsson-Dunn, Michael Hornsby, Michèle Hynett Bonnin, Saman
Jamshidi Fard, Tomasz Mazik and Rosalía Miró García. Particular thanks
are due to Darren Paffey, who has contributed energetically throughout
to the success of the conference and the subsequent production of
the book. We are also grateful to our anonymous reviewers and the
series editors, Sue Wright and Helen Kelly-Holmes, for insightful and
helpful comments on drafts of the chapters, and to Jill Lake of Palgrave
for her support and encouragement. Above all, we want to thank our
co-contributors to this volume for their cooperation and their efficiency
in meeting very tight deadlines!
Clare Mar-Molinero and
Patrick Stevenson
viii
Shortly after the original publication of this volume in hardback we
were greatly saddened to have to announce the death, in March 2006,
of one of the contributors, Professor Christopher Brumfit. As well as
being an internationally renowned scholar in applied linguistics and a
tireless advocate of the need to raise the profile of language learning
and linguistic rights in all walks of life, Christopher Brumfit was a much
loved and highly valued colleague at the University of Southampton for
over 20 years. He has been a lasting inspiration to countless colleagues,
teachers and students, and his wisdom and wit are sorely missed. We
are proud to include his chapter in this volume as one of his last contri-
butions to our field of study.