Judo Formal Techniques: A Complete Guide to Kodokan Randori no Kata

453 Pages·1990·104.82 MB·English

by  Tadao Otaki

Tadao Otaki & Donn F. Draeger
FORMAL
TECHNIQUES
A Complete Guide to
Kodokan Randori no Kata
Over 1000 illustrations
UThe most deta1led explanat1on of Judo
that has ever been published "
The Japan Times
JUDO
FORMAL
TECHNIQUES

Tadao Otaki & Donn F. Draeger
FORMAL
TECHNIQUES
A Complete Guide to
Kodokan Randori no Kata
T UTTLE PUB LISHING
Tokyo • Rutland, Vermont • Singapore
Disclaimer
Please note that the publisher and author(s) of this instructional book are NOT RESPONSIBLE
for any injury that may result from practicing the techniques and/or following the instructions
given. Mania! arts training can be dangerous-both to you and to others,-if not practiced safe-
ly You should always consult with a trained martial arts teacher before practicing any of these
techniques, and ask them to guide you in the proper techniques to be used. Since the physical
activities described herein may be tOO strenuous in nature for some readers, it is essential that
a physician be consulted prior to training.
This edition published in 2001 by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Ed.itions (HK) Ltd.,
with editorial offices at 364 Innovation Drive, North Clarendon, Vermont 05759 USA and 130
joo Seng Road, #06-01, Singapore 368357.
Copyright in japan © 1983 by Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co. Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information
storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Library of Congress Card No. 82050095
lSBN-10: 0-8048-1676-X
lSBN-13 978-0-8048-1676-2
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 9
PREFACE 11
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK 13
CHAPTER HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 15
The Combative Rools of Kodokan Kata 15
The Formulation of Kodokan Kata 20
Kodokan Kata Today 28
CHAPTER 2 OuTLINE oF Juoo KATA 32
Kodokan Patterns and Scope 32
Non-Kodokan Kata 33
CHAPTER 3 UNDERSTANDING KATA 35
What Is Kata? 35
Why Study and Practice Kata? 39
Limitations of Kata 45
CHAPTER 4 : FAMOUS jAPANESE jUDOISTS ON KATA 47
Introduction 47
High-Ranking Kodokan Teachers 48
Champions, Famous Coaches, Instructors 50
CHAPTER 5 : KATA FuNDAMENTALS 58
Theoretical and Spiritual Facets 58
Roles 58, Spirit 59, Etiquette 61
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Practical Facets 61
Wearing the Judogi 61, Breathing 63, Opening Requirements
64, Opening Standing Salutation 65, Opening Facing Action
65, Opening Sitting Posture 66, Opening Sitting Salutation 68,
Opening Return to Standing 68, Engagement Position 69,
Center Performance 70, Sounds and Gestures 71, A?justing
the J udogi 71, Closing Disengagement 71, Closing Salutation
Position 72, Closing Sitting Posture, Sitting Salutation,
and Return to Standing 72, Closing Facing Action 72,
Closing Standing Salutation 72
CHAPTER 6 : TECHNICAL AsPECTs oF NAGE No KATA 73
Theoretical Facets 73
The Categories of Throwing Techniques 73, Attack-Defense
Theory 74
Practical Facets 81
Postures 81, Stepping Movements 86, Engagement Distance 87,
Symmetry and Center Performance 89, Gripping 92, Uke's
Striking Actions 93, Uke "Gives" His Body 96, The Closed-
Gate Effect 96, Ukemi 98, Tori's Kake Balance 100, Mairi
Signal 102, Rising and Facing Actions 102, The Rhythm of
This Kata 106
CHAPTER 7 : TECHNICAL AsPECTs oF KATAME NO KATA 110
Theoretical Facets 110
The Categories of Grappling Techniques 11 0, Attack-Defense
Theory Ill
Practical Facets 114
The Far and Near Positions 114, Postures 116, Stepping
Movements f 18, Uke's Lying-Ready and Sitting-Ready
Positions I21, Opening Assumption of Kyoshi 124, Closing
Procedures 126, Gripping 127, Uke "Gives" His Body 129,
Tori's Attack Signal 130, Uke's Escape Patterns 130, Mairi
6 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Signal 131, Sounds and Gestures 132, Symmetry and Center
Performance 132, The Rhythm ofThis Kata 133
CHAPTER 8 : NAGE NO KATA 139
Opening 139
Te Waza 143
Uki-otoshi 143, Seoi-nage·150, Kata-guruma 157
Koshi Waza 165
Uki-goshi 165, Harai-goshi 173, Tsurikomi-goshi 181
Ashi Waza 190
Okuri-ashi-harai 190, Sasae-tsurikomi-ashi 197, Uchi-mata
204
Ma Sutemi Waza 212
Tomoe-nage 212, Ura-nage 221, Sumi-gaeshi 228
Yoko Sutemi Waza 238
Yoko-gake 238, Yoko-guruma 247, Uki-waza 255
Closing 263
CHAPTER 9 : KATAME NO KATA 267
0~~ ~
Osae-komi Waza 273
Kuzure Kesa-gatame 273, Kata-gatame 282, Karni-shiho-
gatame 290, Yoko-shiho-gatame 299, Kuzure Kami-shiho-
gatame 310
Shime Waza 320
Kata-juji-jime 320, Hadaka-jime 330, Okuri-eri-jime 339,
Kataha-jime 346, Gyaku-juji-jime 353
Kansetsu Waza 364
Ude-garami 364, Ude Hishigi Juji-gatame 374, Ude Hishigi
Ude-gatame 381, Ude Hishigi Hiza-gatame 389, Ashi-garami
398
Closing 406
TABLE OF CONTENTS 7
CHAPTER I 0 : THE STUDY AND PRACTICE OF I<ATA 411
Consider Kata a Training Method 411
When to Begin Learning Kata 412
How Much Kala Training? 412
How to Begin Learning Kata 414
Which Kata to Practice 415
How to Practice Kata 416
The Beginning Role in Kata 425
Cautions in Practice 425
The Size of Kata Partners 427
The Repetition Method 428
The Self-Practice Method 428
The Form-Only Method 429
The One-Sided Method 429
Interpreted Patterns 430
Private Variation Patterns 431
Kata as Preparatory Exercise 431
Kata in Demonstrations 431
Katame Strength-Building Methods 433
Developing Muga-mushin 433
Kata Tips 434
CONCLUSION 437
APPENDIX: The Historical Significance of Seiza and Zarei 439
NOTES 441
GLOSSARY-INDEX 447
Nage no Kata Techniques 447
Katame no Kata Techniques 447
General 448
8 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Since this book deals with a highly technical area ofJ udo training, the Kodokan Randori
no Kata, the authors have been quite anxious to have the most authoritative reading
of the manuscript possible. We are therefore deeply indebted to Sumiyuki Kotani, former
Chief Instructor of the Kodokan International Division; to Takashi Uzawa, Kodokan
historian and former administrative assistant-secretary to Jigoro Kano; to Yoshizo
Matsumoto, head of the Kodokan Editorial Section; to Teizo Kawamura and Toshiro
Daigo, members of the Kodokan technical and instructional staff; and to Nobuo Nishimori,
an outstanding high-ranking Judo teacher in the U.S.A. All gave generously of their time
and provided valuable technical suggestions.
Special thanks are extended to the Kano family, whose permission to peruse and quote
from the personal diaries and technical notes of Jigoro Kano has given this text its core.
The classical Japanese work on kala, Murakami's Randori no Kala, fourth edition (Kodokan
Bunkakai), originally edited by Jigoro Kano, provided many of the technical data which
are to be found in this book. Thus it has been possible to recapture the original spirit and
intent of Kodokan kala from its source, and to explain it so that its importance may be
discovered by the reader. Technical details have also been taken from the contemporary
kata standard ofKodokan, and many high-ranking Judo teachers have therefore made dis-
tinctive individual contributions. However, it is the authors who assume full responsibility
for any technical errors of substance or omission.
Excellent cooperation in demonstrating skills for the pictures in this text was given by
Isao Inokuma, two-time All-Japan Judo Champion, 1964 Olympic Heavyweight Judo
Champion, and 1965-66 Unlimited and World Judo Champion, who performs as Tori;
and by T. Matsukawa, a teacher of physical education in Tokyo and instructor in the
Kodokan International Division, who performs as Uke. Additional thanks are extended to
Joel Stewart and Howard K. AJexander, Canadian former Judo kenshusei at the Kodo-
kan, who demonstrate many of the technical key points. Daniel Wacksman and Navon
Doron of Israel, students at the Kodokan, demonstrate some special technical matters.
Tsunemori Kaminoda, senior combatives instructor for the Metropolitan Tokyo Police
Department, served as model for the illustrations concerning the relationship between
swordsmanship and Judo.
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