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Journal of Ecology Volume 96 2008 EDITORS Michael Hutchings David Gibson Richard Bardgett Anthony Davy (Biological Flora) MANAGING EDITOR Barney Davies (until May 2008) Andrea Baier (from September 2008) JOURNAL ADMINISTRATOR Gerwyn Clegg (from May 2008) ASSOCIATE EDITORS Rien Aerts Hans de Kroon Jon Agren John A. Lee Peter Alpert Christopher Lortie Peter Bellingham Fernando Maestre Stephen Bonser Fergus Massey Richard Bradshaw Angela Moles Rob Brooker Ran Nathan Jeremy J. Burdon Jonathan Newman James C. Cahill Christer Nilsson Ray Callaway Joop Ouborg Charles Canham John Pannell Hans Cornelissen Honor C. Prentice Bettina Engelbrecht Chris Preston (Biological Flora) Bryan Foster Michael C. F. Proctor (Biological Flora) Jason Fridley Susan Schwinning Frank S. Gilliam David Streeter (Biological Flora) Kyle Harms Roy Turkington Marcel van der Heijden Matthew Turnbull Martin Heil Michael B. Usher (Biological Flora) Hans Jacquemyn Rene van der Wal Robert L. Jefferies Scott Wilson Robert Jones Gerhard Zotz Peter Klinkhamer Pieter Zuidema Published for the British Ecological Society by Wiley-Blackwell The journal is covered by Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, consent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as BIOBASE/Current Awareness in Biological Science, copying for general distribution, for advertising or promo- Current Contents Agricultaundr al Biological Environmental tional purposes, for creating new collective works or for Sciences, Ecological Abstracts, Environmental Abstracts, resale. OnlineOpen articles are made available in accordance Environmental Periodical Bioliography, Science Citation with the terms of the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5 Index and SciSearch. (further details available from www.creativecommons.org), which allows Open Access dissemination of the article, but Journal compilation © 2008 British Ecological Society. does not permit commercial exploitation or the creation All rights reserved. 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This Printed in Singapore by KHL Printing Co Pte Ltd Contents Volume Contents Volume 96 Number 1 January 2008 | Journalo f Ecology News BARNEY DAVIES, MICHAEL HUTCHINGS, DAVID GIBSON AND RICHARD BARDGETT Future Directions Editorial MIKE HUTCHINGS, DAVID GIBSON, RICHARD BARDGETT AND BARNEY DAVIES Linking ecological and built components of urban mosaics: an open cycle of ecological design S. T. A. PICKETT AND M. L. CADENASSO A new framework for predicting invasive plant species ANGELA T. MOLES, MONICA A. M. GRUBER AND STEPHEN P. BONSER Essay Reviews Facilitation in plant communities: the past, the present, and the future ROB W. BROOKER, FERNANDO T. MAESTRE, RAGAN M. CALLAWAY, CHRISTOPHER L. LORTIE, LOHENGRIN A. CAVIERES, GEORGES KUNSTLER, PIERRE LIANCOURT, KATJA TIELBORGER, JUSTIN M. J. TRAVIS, FABIEN ANTHELME, CRISTINA ARMAS, LLUIS COLL, EMMANUEL CORCKET, SYLVAIN DELZON, ESTELLE FOREY, ZAAL KIKVIDZE, JOHAN OLOFSSON, FRANCISCO PUGNAIRE, CONSTANZA L. QUIROZ, PATRICK SACCONE, KATJA SCHIFFERS, MERAV SEIFAN, BLAISI TOUZARD AND RICHARD MICHALET Atmosphere, ecology and evolution: what drove the Miocene expansion of C grasslands? COLIN P. OSBORNI Biological invasions Is invasiveness a legacy of evolution? Phylogenetic patterns in the alien flora of Mediterranean islands PHILIP W. LAMBDON Exotic invasive plant accumulates native soil pathogens which inhibit native plants SEEMA MANGLA, INDERJIT AND RAGAN M. CALLAWAY Short- and long-term effects of disturbance and propagule pressure on a biological invasion KEVIN H. BRITTON-SIMMONS AND KAREN C. ABBOT Neighbourhood models of the effects of the invasive Acer platanoides on tree seedling dynamics: linking impacts on communities and ecosystems LORENA GOMEZ-APARICIO, CHARLES D. CANHAM AND PATRICK H. MARTIN Landscape configuration and flood frequency influence invasive shrubs in floodplain forests of the Wisconsin River (USA) KATHARINE I. PREDICK AND MONICA G. TURNER Plant—herbivore interactions: individuals, communities and landscapes Canopy cover mediates interactions between a specialist caterpillar and seedlings of a neotropical tree JULIAN M. NORGHAUER, JAY R. MALCOLM AND BARBARA L. ZIMMERMAN Recruitment limitation modifies the net effects of shared enemies on competitively inferior plants DONALD R. SCHOOLMASTER JR Damage and shade enhance climbing and promote associational resistance 1n a climbing plant MARCIA GONZALEZ-TEUBER AND ERNESTO GIANOLI Divergence and diversity in the defensive ecology of Jnga at two Neotropical sites TANIA BRENES-ARGUEDAS, PHYLLIS D. COLEY AND THOMAS A. KURSAR Acceleration of vegetation turnover and element cycling by mammalian herbivory in riparian ecosystems LEM G. BUTLER AND KNUT KIELLAND Threshold changes in vegetation along a grazing gradient in Mongolian rangelands TAKEHIRO SASAKI, TOMOO OKAYASU, UNDARMAA JAMSRAN AND KAZUHIKO TAKEUCHI Herbivore and neighbour effects on tundra plants depend on species identity, nutrient availability and local environmental conditions ANU ESKELINEN Interactions between marsh plant species vary in direction and strength depending on environmental and consumer context CAITLIN MULLAN CRAIN Forest dynamics Predicting tree mortality from growth data: how virtual ecologists can help real ecologists JAN WUNDER, BJORN REINEKING, CHRISTOF BIGLER AND HARALD BUGMANN The leaf mass/number trade-off of Kleiman and Aarssen implies constancy of leaf biomass, its density and carbon uptake in forest stands: scaling up from shoot to stand level KAZUHARU OGAWA Interspecific demographic trade-offs and soil-related habitat associations of tree species along resource gradients SABRINA E. RUSSO, PATRICK BROWN, SYLVESTER TAN AND STUART J. DAVIES iv Plant traits and plant—environment interactions Volume Dispersion of traits related to competitive ability iti an old-field plant community BRANDON S. SCHAMP, JOYCE CHAU AND LONNIE W. AARSSEN Contents Prey availability directly affects physiology, growth, nutrient allocation and scaling relationships among leaf traits in 10 carnivorous plant species ELIZABETH J. FARNSWORTH AND AARON M. ELLISON Stress-induced dynamic adjustments of reproduction differentially affect fitness components of a semi-arid plant CRISTINA F. ARAGON, ADRIAN ESCUDERO AND FERNANDO VALLADARES Volume 96 Number 2 March 2008 Vegetation dynamics and ecosystem development The spatiotemporal dynamics of a primary succession N. A. CUTLER, L. R. BELYEA AND A. J. DUGMORI Exploring climatic and biotic controls on Holocene vegetation change in Fennoscandia PAUL A. MILLER, THOMAS GIESECKE, THOMAS HICKLER, RICHARD H. W. BRADSHAW, BENJAMIN SMITH, HEIKKI SEPPA, PAUL J. VALDES AND MARTIN T. SYKES 100 years of vegetation decline and recovery in Lake Fure, Denmark KAJ SAND-JENSEN, NIELS LAGERGAARD PEDERSEN, INGE THORSGAARD, BJARNE MOESLUND, JENS BORU AND KLAUS PETER BRODERSEN Grass and oak litter exert different effects on seedling emergence of herbaceous perennials from grasslands and woodlands TOBIAS W. DONATH AND R. LUTZ ECKSTEIN Growth and wood density predict tree mortality in Amazon forests KUO-JUNG CHAO, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, EMANUEL GLOOR, ABEL MONTEAGUDO, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA AND RODOLFO VASQUEZ MARTINEZ Invasive Acer platanoides inhibits native sapling growth in forest understorey communities SHANNON L. GALBRAITH-KENT AND STEVEN N. HANDEL Biodiversity and ecosystem function Consequences of non-random species loss for decomposition dynamics: experimental evidence for additive and non-additive effects BECKY A. BALL, MARK D. HUNTER, JOHN S. KOMINOSKI, CHRISTOPHER M. SWAN AND MARK A. BRADFORD Plant functional composition influences rates of soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation D. A. FORNARA AND D. TILMAN Pland population dynamics Effects of plant abundance on reproductive success in the biennial Sabatia angularis (Gentianaceae): spatial scale matters RACHEL B. SPIGLER AND SHU-MEI CHANG Spatio-temporal variation in fruit production and seed predation in a perennial herb influenced by habitat quality and population size JON AGREN, JOHAN EHRLEN AND CHRISTER SOLBRECK Plant—environment interactions Climatic variability alters the outcome of long-term community assembly ANDREW S. MACDOUGALL, SCOTT D. WILSON AND JONATHAN D. BAKKER Impact of abundance weighting on the response of seed traits to climate and land use ROBIN J. PAKEMAN, ERIC GARNIER, SANDRA LAVOREL, PAULINE ANSQUER, HELENA CASTRO, PABLO CRUZ, JIRI DOLEZAL, OVE ERIKSSON, HELENA FREITAS, CARLY GOLODETS, JAIME KIGEL, MICHAEL KLEYER, JAN LEPS, TONIA MEIER, MARIA PAPADIMITRIOU, VASILIOS P. PAPANASTASIS, HELEN QUESTED, FABIEN QUETIER, GRACIELA RUSCH, MARCELO STERNBERG, JEAN-PIERRE THEAU, AURELIE THEBAULT AND DENIS VILI Differences in the degree of environmental control on large and small tropical plants: just a sampling effect? MIRKKA M. JONES,HANNA TUOMISTO AND PAULO C. OLIVAS Somatic mutation and the Antarctic ozone hole LAURENCE J. CLARKE, DAVID J. AYRE AND SHARON A. ROBINSON Biological Flora of the British Isles Biological Flora of the British Isles: Mercurialis perennis L. RICHARD G. JEFFERSON Volume 95 Number 3 May 2007 Below-ground ecology 413 Pulse dynamics and microbial processes in aridland ecosystems SCOTT L. COLLINS, ROBERT L. SINSABAUGH, CHELSEA CRENSHAW, LAURA GREEN, ANDREA PORRAS-ALFARO, MARTINA STURSOVA AND LYDIA H. ZEGLIN V Carbon flux from plants to soil: roots are a below-ground source of phenolic secondary compounds in an Volume alpine ecosystem Emstwiies COURTNEY L. MEIER, KATHARINE N. SUDING AND WILLIAM D. BOWMAN Mycorrhizal fungi determine salt-marsh plant zonation depending on nutrient supply PEDRO DALEO, JUAN ALBERTI, ALEJANDRO CANEPUCCIA, MAURICIO ESCAPA, EUGENIA FANJUL, BRIAN R. SILLIMAN, MARK D. BERTNESS AND OSCAR IRIBARNI Games roots play: effects of soil volume and nutrients ERIN E. O'BRIEN AND JOEL S. BROWN Invasive species Neighbourhood analyses of the allelopathic effects of the invasitvree e Ai/anthus altissima in temperate forests LORENA GOMEZ-APARICIO AND CHARLES D. CANHAM The presence of a showy invasive plant disrupts pollinator service and reproductive output in native alpine species only at high densities ALEJANDRO A. MUNOZ AND LOHENGRIN A. CAVIERES Increased fitness and plasticity of an invasive species in its introduced range: a study using Senecio pterophorus L. CANO, J. ESCARRE, I. FLECK, J. M. BLANCO-MORENO AND F. X. SANS Plant distributions and community interactions Complementary nitrogen use among potentially dominant species in a biodiversity experiment varies between two years CHRISTIANE ROSCHER, SUSANNE THEIN, BERNHARD SCHMID AND MICHAEL SCHERER-LORENZEN Temporal shifts from facilitation to competition occur between closely related taxa ALFONSO VALIENTE-BANUET AND MIGUEL VERDI Maximum size distributions in tropical forest communities: relationships with rainfall and disturbance LOURENS POORTER, WILLIAM HAWTHORNE, FRANS BONGERS AND DOUGLAS SHEII Survival of tree seedlings on different species of decaying wood maintains tree distribution in Michigan hemlock—hardwood forests LAURA MARX AND MICHAEL B. WALTERS Plant—environment interactions and climate change Using rainout shelters to evaluate climate change effects on the demography of Cryptantha flava RICHARD W. LUCAS, IRWIN N. FORSETH AND BRENDA B. CASPER Long-term change in the phenology of spring phytoplankton: species-specific responses to nutrient enrichment and climatic change S. J. THACKERAY, I. D. JONES AND S. C. MABERLY Natural selection on and predicted responses of ecophysiological traits of swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) ANURAG A. AGRAWAL, ALEXIS C. ERWIN AND SUSAN C. COOK Burning seeds: germinative response to heat treatments in relation to resprouting ability S. PAULA AND J. G. PAUSAS Propagule deposition along river margins: linking hydrology and ecology ANGELA GURNELL, KEN THOMPSON, JOANNE GOODSON AND HELEN MOGGRIDGI Volume 96 Number 4 July 2008 SPECIAL FEATURE - PLANT DISPERSAL ACROSS MULTIPLE SCALES: LINKING MODELS AND REALITY Editorial: Plant dispersal across multiple scales: linking models and reality JAMES M. BULLOCK AND RAN NATHAN Effects of canopy heterogeneity, seed abscission and inertia on wind-driven dispersal kernels of tree seeds GIL BOHRER, GABRIEL G. KATUL, RAN NATHAN, ROBERT L. WALKO AND RONI AVISSAR Non-random seed abscission, long-distance wind dispersal and plant migration rates MEREL B. SOONS AND JAMES M. BULLOCK The effect of collisions with vegetation elements on the dispersal of winged and plumed seeds E. POUNDEN, D. F. GREENE, M. QUESADA AND J. M. CONTRERAS SANCHEZ Modelling long-distance seed dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes DOUGLAS J. LEVEY, JOSHUA J. TEWKSBURY AND BENJAMIN M. BOLKER Inequalities in fruit-removal and seed dispersal: consequences of bird behaviour, neighbourhood density and landscape aggregation TOMAS A. CARLO AND JUAN M. MORALES Small seed size increases the potential for dispersal of wetland plants by ducks MEREL B. SOONS, CORNELIS VAN DER VLUGT, BART VAN LITH, GERRIT W. HEIL AND MARCEL KLAASSEN Plant fecundity and seed dispersal in spatially heterogeneous environments: models, mechanisms and estimation FRANK M. SCHURR, OFER STEINITZ AND RAN NATHAN Measuring long-distance seed dispersal in complex natural environments: an evaluation and integration of classical and genetic methods F. ANDY JONES AND HELEN C. MULLER-LANDAL Interspecific variation in primary seed dispersal in a tropical forest HELENE C. MULLER-LANDAU, S. JOSEPH WRIGHT, OSVALDO CALDERON, RICHARD CONDIT AND STEPHEN P. HUBBELL vi Spatio-temporal dynamics and local hotspots of initial recruitment in vertebrate-dispersed trees ARNDT HAMPE, JUAN L. GARCIA-CASTANO, EUGENE W. SCHUPP AND PEDRO JORDANO Volume Costs of persistence and the spread of competing seeders and sprouters Contents STEVEN I. HIGGINS, OLIVIER FLORES AND FRANK M. SCHURR Dispersal and demography contributions to population spread of Carduus nutans in its native and invaded ranges EELKE JONGEJANS, KATRIONA SHEA, OLAV SKARPAAS, DAVE KELLY, ANDY W. SHEPPARD AND TIM L. WOODBURN Future Directions Resource partitioning for soil phosphorus: a hypothesis BENJAMIN L. TURNER Plant interactions and community assembly Importance: an overlooked concept in plant interaction research ROB W. BROOKER AND ZAAL KIKVIDZE Phylogenetic structure of local communities predicts the size of the regional species pool PILLE GERHOLD, MEELIS PARTEL, JAAN LIIRA, KRISTJAN ZOBEL AND ANDREAS PRINZING Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra M. SYNDONIA BRET-HARTE, MICHELLE C. MACK, GREGORY R. GOLDSMITH, DANIEL B. SLOAN, JENNIE DEMARCO, GAIUS R. SHAVER, PETER M. RAY, ZY BIESINGER AND F. STUART CHAPIN, III Pliant-soil interactions and below-ground processes Tree species identity alters forest litter decomposition through long-term plant and soil interactions in Patagonia, Argentina LUCIA VIVANCO AND AMY T. AUSTIN Endogenous and exogenous controls of root life span, mortality and nitrogen flux in a longleaf pine forest: root branch order predominates DALI GUO, ROBERT J. MITCHELL, JENNIFER M. WITHINGTON, PING-PING FAN AND JOSEPH J. HENDRICKS Rhizobial mediation of Acacia adaptation to soil salinity: evidence of underlying trade-offs and tests of expected patterns PETER H. THRALL, JAMES D. BEVER AND JO F. SLATTERY Root competition influences pollen competitive ability in Viola tricolor: effects of presence of a competitor beyond resource availability? ASA LANKINEN Invasion ecology Multi-scale patterns of human activity and the incidence of an exotic forest pathogen J. HALL CUSHMAN AND ROSS K. MEENTEMEYER The invasive plant A/liaria petiolata (garlic mustard) inhibits ectomycorrhizal fungi in its introduced range BENJAMIN E. WOLFE, VIKKI L. RODGERS, KRISTINA A. STINSON AND ANNE PRINGLI Plant—climate interactions Tree species range shifts at a continental scale: new predictive insights from a process-based model XAVIER MORIN, DAVID VINER AND ISABELLE CHUINE Rainfall effects on rare annual plants JONATHAN M. LEVINE, A. KATHRYN MCEACHERN AND CLARK COWAN Plant population dynamics Heterogeneity influences spatial patterns and demographics in forest stands STEPHAN GETZIN, THORSTEN WIEGAND, KERSTIN WIEGAND AND FANGLIANG HE Evolutionary demography of long-lived monocarpic perennials: a time-lagged integral projection model PATRICK KUSS, MARK REES, HAFDiS HANNA A2GISDOTTIR, STEPHEN P. ELLNER AND JURG STOCKLIN Biological Flora of the British Isles Biological Flora of the British Isles: Paris quadrifolia L. HANS JACQUEMYN, REIN BRYS AND MICHAEL J. HUTCHINGS Volume 96 Number 5 September 2008 Forum 845 Additive partitioning of diversity including species differences: a comment on Hardy & Senterre (2007) SEBASTIEN VILLEGER AND DAVID MOUILLOT 849 Interpreting and estimating measures of community phylogenetic structuring OLIVIER J. HARDY AND LOU JOST Plant traits and invasion ecology Traits of British alien and native urban plants KEN THOMPSON AND MICHAEL A. MCCARTHY Trait interactions help explain plant invasion success in the German flora EVA C. KUSTER, INGOLF KUHN, HELGE BRUELHEIDE AND STEFAN KLOTZ Vii 869 Threat or invasive status in legumes is related to opposite extremes of the same ecological and life-history attributes Volume COREY J. A. BRADSHAW, XINGLI GIAM, HUGH T. W. TAN, BARRY W. BROOK AND NAVJOT S. SODHI Contents Biodiversity and ecosystem function Functional identity is more important than diversity in influencing ecosystem processes in a temperate native grassland KAREL MOKANY, JULIAN ASH AND STEPHEN ROXBURGH Sustaining ecosystem services in ancient limestone grassland: importance of major component plants and community composition GARETH K. PHOENIX, DAVID JOHNSON, J. PHILIP GRIME AND ROSEMARY E. BOOTH Partitioning the effects of biodiversity and environmental heterogeneity for productivity and mortality in a tropical tree plantation CHRYSTAL HEALY, NICHOLAS J. GOTELLI AND CATHERINE POTVIN Plant species diversity and community interactions Testing the spatial phylogenetic structure of local communities: statistical performances of different null models and test statistics on a locally neutral community OLIVIER J. HARDY Unexpectedly high 20th century floristic losses in a rural landscape in northern France H. VAN CALSTER, R. VANDENBERGHE, M. RUYSEN, K. VERHEYEN, M. HERMY AND G. DECOCQ The relative importance of the species pool, productivity and disturbance in regulating grassland plant species richness: a field experiment TIMOTHY L. DICKSON AND BRYAN L. FOSTER Environmental variation has stronger effects than plant genotype on competition among plant species MARC T. J. JOHNSON, RUSSELL DINNAGE, ALICE Y. ZHOU AND MARK D. HUNTER Covariation between intraspecific genetic diversity and species diversity within a plant functional group TIANHUA HE, BYRON B. LAMONT, SIEGFRIED L. KRAUSS, NEAL J. ENRIGHT AND BEN P. MILLER Plant—animal interactions and chemical ecology 962 Volatiles of myrmecophytic Piper plants signal stem tissue damage to inhabiting Pheidole ant-partners VERONIKA MAYER, DANIEL SCHABER AND FRANZ HADACEK | Trade-offs between direct and indirect defences of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) DANIEL J. BALLHORN, STEFANIE KAUTZ, ULRICH LION AND MARTIN HEII 981 Local adaptation to biotic factors: reciprocal transplants of four species associated with aromatic Thymus pulegioides and T: serpyllum EVA GRONDAHL AND BODIL K. EHLERS 993 Do allelopathic compounds in invasive Solidago canadensis s.|. restrain the native European flora? DIPTI ABHILASHA, NAIRA QUINTANA, JORGE VIVANCO AND JASMIN JOSHI 1002 Generalist foraging of pollinators: diet expansion at high density COLIN FONTAINE, CARINE L. COLLIN AND ISABELLE DAJOZ 1011 A mechanistic simulation model of seed dispersal by animals HEIDRUN WILL AND OLIVER TACKENBERG Plant demography and population dynamics Demography of perennial grassland plants: survival, life expectancy and life span WILLIAM K. LAUENROTH AND PETER B. ADLER Recruitment filters in a perennial grassland: the interactive roles of fire, competitors, moisture and seed availability JULIA ZIMMERMANN, STEVEN I. HIGGINS, VOLKER GRIMM, JOHN HOFFMANN, TAMARA MUNKEMULLER AND ANJA LINSTADTER Flooding and canopy dynamics shape the demography of a clonal Amazon understorey herb MATTHIAS SCHLEUNING, VICKY HUAMAN AND DIETHART MATTHIES Habitat fragmentation and adaptation: a reciprocal replant—transplant experiment among 15 populations of Lychnis flos-cuculi GILLIANNE BOWMAN, CATHERINE PERRET, SOPHIE HOEHN, DAVID J. GALEUCHET AND MARKUS FISCHER Fungal ecology 1065 Colonization and extinction patterns of wood-decaying fungi in a boreal old-growth Picea abies forest MARI T. JONSSON, MATTIAS EDMAN AND BENGT GUNNAR JONSSON 1076 Translocation of nitrogen and carbon integrates biotic crust and grass production in desert grassland LAURA E. GREEN, ANDREA PORRAS-ALFARO AND ROBERT L. SINSABAUGH Ecogenomics 1086 Ecogenomics of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowering: genome-wide gene expression patterns from cross-species microarray analysis in Cardamine kokaiensis (Brassicaceae) SHIN-ICHI MORINAGA, ATSUSHI J. NAGANO, SAORI MIYAZAKI, MINORU KUBO, TAKU DEMURA, HIROO FUKUDA, SATOKI SAKAI AND MITSUYASU HASEBE Biological Flora of the British Isles 1098 Biological Flora of the British Isles: Primula elatior (L.) Hill KENNETH TAYLOR AND STANLEY R. J. WOODELL Viii Volume 96 Number 6 November 2008 Volume Dispersal and species distributions Contents 1117 Glacial refugia of temperate trees in Europe: insights from species distribution modelling JENS-CHRISTIAN SVENNING, SIGNE NORMAND AND MASA KAGEYAMA 1128 Spatial patterns of recruitment in Mediterranean plant species: linking the fate of seeds, seedlings and saplings in heterogeneous landscapes at different scales LORENA GOMEZ-APARICIO Species—area relationship: separating the effects of species abundance and spatial distribution EVEN TJORVE, WILLIAM E. KUNIN, CHIARA POLCE AND KATHLEEN M. CALF TJORVE Invasion ecology Local escape of an invasive plant, common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), from above-ground and below-ground enemies in its native area JAMES MACKAY AND PETER M. KOTANEN Differences in plasticity between invasive and native plants from a low resource environment JENNIFER L. FUNK Context dependent effects of plant species and functional group loss on vegetation invasibility across an island area gradient DAVID A. WARDLE, ANNA LAGERSTROM AND MARIE-CHARLOTTE NILSSON Field-based competitive impacts between invaders and natives at varying resource supply JOHN L. MARON AND MARILYN MARLER Plant population and community dynamics Relative frequency of sympatric species influences rates of interspecific hybridization, seed production and seedling performance in the uncommon Eucalyptus aggregata DAVID L. FIELD, DAVID J. AYRE, ROBERT J. WHELAN AND ANDREW G. YOUNG Biomass allocation and leaf life span in relation to light interception by tropical forest plants during the first years of secondary succession N. GALIA SELAYA, ROELOF J. OOMEN, JORDIE J. C. NETTEN, MARINUS J. A. WERGER AND NIELS P. R. ANTEN Phenology of fine roots and leaves in forest and grassland DIEGO F. STEINAKER AND SCOTT D. WILSON Desert shrubs have negative or neutral effects on annuals at two levels of water availability in arid lands of South Australia JAMES T. WEEDON AND JOSE M. FACELLI Topographic controls on the leaf area index and plant functional type of a tundra ecosystem LUKE SPADAVECCHIA, MATHEW WILLIAMS, ROBERT BELL, PAUL C. STOY, BRIAN HUNTLEY AND MARK T. VAN WIJK Plant development and life-history traits Linkage between water stress tolerance and life history type in seedlings of nine chaparral species (Rhamnaceae) R. B. PRATT, A. L. JACOBSEN, R. MOHLA, F. W. EWERS AND S. D. DAVIS 1266 Forum: The LEDA Traitbase: a database of life-history traits of the Northwest European flora M. KLEYER, R.M. BEKKER, I.C. KNEVEL, J.P. BAKKER, K. THOMPSON, M. SONNENSCHEIN, P. POSCHLOD, J.M. VAN GROENENDAEL, L. KLIMES, J. KLIMESOVA, S. KLOTZ, G.M. RUSCH, M. HERMY, D. ADRIAENS, G. BOEDELTJE, B. BOSSUYT, A. DANNEMANN, P. ENDELS, L. GOTZENBERGER, J.G. HODGSON, A-K. JACKEL, I. KUHN, D. KUNZMANN, W.A. OZINGA, C. ROMERMANN, M. STADLER, J. SCHLEGELMILCH, H.J. STEENDAM, O. TACKENBERG, B. WILMANN, J.H.C. CORNELISSEN, O. ERIKSSON, E. GARNIER AND B. PECO Plant—climate interactions 1275 Regional tree line dynamics in response to global change in the Pyrenees ENRIC BATLLORI AND EMILIA GUTIERREZ 1289 How well do first flowering dates measure plant responses to climate change? The effects of population size and sampling frequency ABRAHAM J. MILLER-RUSHING, DAVID W. INOUYE AND RICHARD B. PRIMACK 1297 Trade-offs in resource allocation among moss species control decomposition in boreal peatlands MERRITT R. TURETSKY, SUSAN E. CROW, ROBERT J. EVANS, DALE H. VITT AND R. KELMAN WIEDER Ecological genetics Differential performance of reciprocal hybrids in multiple environments SARAH KIMBALL, DIANE R. CAMPBELL AND CARRIE LESSIN Reproductive ecology 1319 Environmental sex determination in ferns: effects of nutrient availability and individual density in Woodwardia radicans LUCIA DESOTO, LUIS G. QUINTANILLA AND MARCOS MENDEZ ’ Thanks to referees Erratum