Japanese-English Translation: An Advanced Guide PDF
Preview Japanese-English Translation: An Advanced Guide
i Japanese– English Translation This volume is a textbook for aspiring translators of Japanese into English, as well as a reference work for professional Japanese– English translators and for translator educators. Underpinned by sound theoretical principles, it provides a solid foundation in the practice of Japanese–E nglish translation, then extends this to more advanced levels. Features include: • 13 thematic chapters, with subsections that explore common pitfalls and challenges facing Japanese– English translators and the pros and cons of different procedures • exercises after many of these subsections • abundant examples drawn from a variety of text types and genres and translated by many different translators. This is an essential resource for postgraduate students of Japanese–E nglish transla- tion and Japanese language, professional Japanese– English translators and translator educators. It will also be of use and interest to advanced undergraduates studying Japanese. Judy Wakabayashi is Professor of Japanese Translation at Kent State University, Ohio. With experience as an in- house and freelance translator, she has taught Japanese– English translation to postgraduate students in Australia and the United States for over three decades. She has co-e dited four books on translation—A sian Translation Traditions (2005), Decentering Translation Studies: India and Beyond (2009), Translation and Translation Studies in the Japanese Context (2012) and Translating and Interpreting in Korean Contexts: Engaging with Asian and Western Others (2019)— and translated seven books. ii iii Japanese– English Translation An Advanced Guide Judy Wakabayashi iv First published 2021 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2021 Judy Wakabayashi The right of Judy Wakabayashi to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing- in- Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Wakabayashi, Judy, author. Title: Japanese–English translation: an advanced guide / Judy Wakabayashi. Description: London; New York: Routledge, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020017584 (print) | LCCN 2020017585 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367863340 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367863333 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003018452 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Japanese language–Translating into English. Classification: LCC PL650 .W35 2020 (print) | LCC PL650 (ebook) | DDC 428.040956–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020017584 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020017585 ISBN: 978- 0- 367- 86334- 0 (hbk) ISBN: 978- 0- 367- 86333- 3 (pbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 003- 01845- 2 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Newgen Publishing UK v In loving memory of Wakabayashi Kazume and Wakabayashi Noboru vi vii Contents Preface xi 1 Words 1 Beyond dictionaries 1 Semantic mismatch and culture- specific items 5 Abstract nouns 12 Affixes 13 Neologisms 16 Conclusion 17 2 Word groups and figurative language 21 Lexical collocations 21 Multi- character and abbreviated compounds 22 Doublets 23 Proverbs 24 Idioms 27 Metaphors and similes 29 Metonymy and synecdoche 34 Hyperbole 35 Allusions 35 Conclusion 38 3 Names 40 Personal names 40 Terms of address 46 Organisation names and job titles 51 Names of laws and products 52 Eponyms 53 Place names and addresses 53 Initialisms, acronyms and abbreviations 55 Conclusion 56 4 Numbers 57 Numeric expressions 57 Inclusive vs. non- inclusive expressions 58 viii viii Contents Approximate and exact expressions 59 Currency amounts 61 Units of measurement 61 Ordinal constructions, 倍 and fractions 62 Time expressions 63 Alphanumeric combinations 66 Tables and phone numbers 67 Conclusion 68 5 Technicalities 70 Punctuation and symbols 70 Lists 81 Orthographical and typographical issues 81 Conclusion 84 6 Recurring grammatical issues 86 Verb orientation vs. noun orientation 86 Verb- based pseudo- topics 87 Non- verbal pseudo- topics 90 Topicalisation 91 Situation focus 92 Process orientation 94 Long sentences 95 Parsing 96 Word order 97 Passive constructions 100 Aspect and tense 101 Grammatical ambiguity 103 Non- specification 105 Conclusion 106 7 Rhetorical hedging and indirectness 108 Verbosity 108 Lexical ambiguity 110 Euphemisms 110 Jargon 112 Indirect expressions 115 Requests 116 Indirect forms of advice, command and prohibition 117 Phatic language 118 Sentence- final expressions 120 Self- effacing and self- deprecatory expressions 122 Rhetorical questions 122 The ubiquitous など and all that jazz 124 Conclusion 126 ix Contents ix 8 Register, tone, emphasis, repetition and parallelism 129 Register 129 Tone and colour 131 Emphatic devices 134 Repetition 140 Parallelism 142 Conclusion 143 9 The spoken word 145 Speech representation 145 Quotations 147 Dialogue 148 Interactional particles 153 Keigo 154 Formulaic expressions 157 Conclusion 160 10 Non-standard varieties of language 161 Dialect 161 Male and female speech 167 Idiolect 168 Slang and swearing 169 Insults 171 Classical and literary forms 172 Archaic language 175 Conclusion 177 11 Languages interacting 178 Gairaigo and wasei eigo 178 False friends 180 Foreign expressions in Japanese texts 181 Deliberately unorthodox Japanese 184 Metalinguistic references 185 Conclusion 190 12 Translators at play 192 Wordplay 192 Phonological and prosodic effects 198 Mimetics 201 Slogans, catchphrases and mottos 206 Titles, headings and headlines 209 Conclusion 211 13 Discourse- level issues 213 Cohesive devices 214 Sentence connectives 215
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