Japanese and Korean politics : alone and apart from each other

309 Pages·2015·6.97 MB·English

by  Inoguchi

AsiA TodAy
Before 1820, Asia generated more than half of the world’s gross domestic product.
Since then, the region underwent a period of decay and decline. Today, Asia is in the
midst of a great transformation, and it is estimated that by 2035, it will be respon-
sible for more than one-half of the world’s gross domestic product. Propelled by three
decades of rapid economic growth, momentous political transitions, and intensified
regional integration, Asia is no longer simply a fast-expanding and evolving region; it
is increasingly the geopolitical epicenter for the global system itself. The goal of this
series is to offer readers a front-row seat to view and better understand this kaleido-
scope of regional change in all its dazzling dynamism and diversity. Who would have
thought in 1978, when Deng Xiaoping came to power in Beijing, that China would
soon begin a generation of double-digit economic growth? Who could have foreseen
that Asia would become the region where the world’s richest countries, Singapore and
Brunei, would live shoulder-to-shoulder with the world’s poorest, Afghanistan and
Laos? The Asia Today series is designed to respond to the growing demand for sus-
tained research and deep knowledge of contemporary Asia. It covers the full expanse
of this vast region—from China to India, Japan to Pakistan, Kazakhstan to Turkey,
Mongolia to Israel, Iraq to Indonesia. The series editors, Takashi Inoguchi and G. John
Ikenberry, aided by a 44-member advisory board, are dedicated to identifying fresh
and penetrating studies of Asia by the region’s foremost experts.
series Editors
Takashi Inoguchi, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo and President, University
of Niigata Prefecture, Japan
G. John Ikenberry, the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International
Affairs, Princeton University, Department of Politics, and the Woodrow Wilson
School of Public and International Affairs
Published by Palgrave Macmillan:
Political Parties and Democracy: Contemporary Western Europe and Asia
Edited by Takashi Inoguchi and Jean Blondel
The Troubled Triangle: Economic and Security Concerns for the United States,
Japan, and China
Edited by Takashi Inoguchi and G. John Ikenberry
Japan, the US, and Regional Institution-Building in the New Asia:
When Identity Matters
By Kuniko Ashizawa
The Rise of Korean Leadership: Emerging Powers and Liberal
International Order
By G. John Ikenberry and Jongryn Mo
Asia-Pacific Nations in International Peace Support and Stability Operations
Edited by Chiyuki Aoi and Yee-Kuang Heng
The Globalization of Chinese Propaganda: International Power and Domestic
Political Cohesion
By Kingsley Edney
The Australia-ASEAN Dialogue: Tracing 40 Years of Partnership
Edited by Sally Percival Wood and Baogang He
Japanese and Korean Politics: Alone and Apart from Each Other
Edited By Takashi Inoguchi
Japanese and Russian Politics: Polar Opposites or Something in Common?
Edited By Takashi Inoguchi
Japanese and Korean Politics
Alone and Apart from Each Other
Edited by
Takashi Inoguchi
japanese and korean politics
Copyright © Takashi Inoguchi, 2015.
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All rights reserved.
First published in 2015 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®
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Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world,
this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
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ISBN: 978–1–137–48830–5
Lib rary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Japanese and Korean politics : alone and apart from each other /

edited by Takashi Inoguchi.

pages cm.—(Asia today)

Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Japan—Politics and government—21st century. 2. Korea (South)—
Politics and government—2002– 3. Japan—Foreign relations—
21st century. 4. Korea (South)—Foreign relations—2002– 5. Japan—
Foreign relations—Korea (South) 6. Korea (South)—Foreign relations—
Japan. 7. Abe, Shinzo, 1954– 8. Pak, Kun-hye. I. Inoguchi, Takashi.
JQ1631.J3628 2015
320.95195—dc23 2014028626
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: January 2015
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Contents
List of Figure and Tables vii
Preface and Acknowledgments ix
Introduction: Are Japan and Korea Alone and Apart from
Each Other? 1
Takashi Inoguchi
Japanese Politics
1 Abenomics and Abegeopolitics 9
Takashi Inoguchi
2 Expansionary Monetary Policy Revised 21
Yutaka Harada
3 Return to the Liberal Democratic Party Dominance? 49
Cheol Hee Park
4 Japanese Realignments and Impacting Korean-Japanese
Relations 73
Seung-won Suh
Korean Politics
5 South Korea’s 2012 Presidential Election 99
Won-Taek Kang
6 Transformation of Korean Developmental Capitalism 121
Jongryn Mo
7 Park Geun-hye Administration’s Policies toward North
Korea and Beyond 147
Satoru Miyamoto
vi Contents
8 Korean Parliamentary Politics 173
Yuki Asaba
Foreign Policy: Japan and Korea
9 Japanese Foreign Policy: Abe II and Beyond: With a Future
Perspective of Japan-Korea Relations 195
Kazuhiko Togo
10 K orean Foreign Policy: Park Geun-hye Looks at China and
North Korea 221
Chung-In Moon and Seung-Chan Boo
11 The Korean Peninsula and Japan: Global Money Flows as
Framing International Relations 249
Takashi Inoguchi
Bibliography 263
List of Contributors 289
Index 293
Figure and Tables
Figure
2.1 Production and Bank Loans 31
Tables
3.1 Electoral Fortunes of Japanese Political Parties 50
3.2 Major Parties’ PR Vote Mobilization in the 2009 and
2012 Elections 53
5.1 Binomial Logistic Regression: Who Supported Ahn
Cheol-soo? 114
5.2 Multinomial Logistic Regression: Who prefers Ahn
Cheol-soo to Moon Jae-in? 115
6.1 Voters Won by Main Conservative Candidate 138
7.1 Types of East Asian countries’ relations toward the
United States and China 150
9.1 Countries Visited by Abe and Key Cabinet Members,
excluding Washington DC 210
10.1 Three Major Policy Tasks and Strategies: A Summary 224
10.2 Crisis Escalation after Park’s Inauguration: Sequence
of Major Events 232
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Preface and Acknowledgments
Take any one pair of neighboring countries in the world. You find that
some pairs are vehemently unfriendly to each other. Japan and South
Korea are one of such pairs. The latest joint survey of the Yomiuri
Shinbun and the Hanguk Ilbo reports that in 2014 both Japanese
and Korean respondents have registered the worst scores toward each
other about the bilateral relations: 87 percent in Japan and 86 percent
in South Korea regard the bilateral relations as bad. For the question,
Can You Trust Korea (or Japan)?: 73 percent in Japan cannot trust
Korea, and 83 percent in Korea cannot trust Japan (Yomiuri, 2014). It
is not that there is no interactions among both peoples and no transac-
tions of goods and services take place. As a matter of fact, considering
interdependence between two countries, and further among Japan,
South Korea and China rank very high in economic, financial, and
technological terms. East Asia comprising these countries has been
one of the most highly interconnected economic zones for the last two
decades. Also it is not that a war may start at any time triggered by
some unfortunate correlation of forces evolving in both countries and
their environments. Of late, the East and South China Sea have been
sources of violent disputes among China, the Philippines, Vietnam,
Japan, and the United States for instance. Also, the Korean Peninsula
has registered North Korea’s nuclear weapons development and skir-
mishes between North and South. Japan and South Korea have so
much in common in terms of basic tenets of rule of law, freedom of
expression, human rights, democracy, and market economy. Yet they
are not enough to keep friendship among nations. This volume with
Japanese and South Korean academics working together examines
their domestic politics and foreign policy closely to help understand
how this unfriendly relationship has come about.
I am grateful to the Japan-Korea Cultural Foundation and the
University of Niigata Prefecture for their grants to enable us to carry