INTERPRETIVE LENSES IN SOCIOLOGY Interpreting Religion Making Sense of Religious Lives Edited by Erin F. Johnston and Vikash Singh INTERPRETING RELIGION Interpretive Lenses in Sociology series Series editors: Thomas DeGloma, Hunter College, City University of New York, and Julie B. Wiest, West Chester University of Pennsylvania The Interpretive Lenses in Sociology series provides a unique forum for scholars using a wide range of interpretive perspectives to explore their approaches to uncovering the deep meanings underlying human actions, events, and experiences. Forthcoming in the series: Interpreting the Body Between Meaning and Materiality Edited by Anne Marie Champagne and Asia Friedman Interpretive Sociology and the Semiotic Imagination Edited by Andrea Cossu and Jorge Fontdevila Interpreting Subcultures Sense-Making From Insider and Outsider Perspectives Edited by J. Patrick Williams Interpreting Contentious Memory Countermemories and Conflicts over the Past Edited by Janet L. Jacobs and Thomas DeGloma Positive Politics Interpreting Right and Left Authoritarianism Edited by Lynn S. Chancer and Neil McLaughlin Find out more at bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/ interpretive-lenses-in-sociology Interpretive Lenses in Sociology series Series editors: Thomas DeGloma, Hunter College, City University of New York, and Julie B. Wiest, West Chester University of Pennsylvania International advisory board: Jeffrey C. Alexander, Yale University, US Marni A. Brown, Georgia Gwinnett College, US Giuseppina Cersosimo, University of Salerno, Italy Lynn S. Chancer, Hunter College, City University of New York, US Erica Chito-Childs, Hunter College, City University of New York, US Manase Kudzai Chiweshe, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Jean-François Côté, University of Montreal, Canada Emma Engdahl, University of Gothenburg, Sweden Veikko Eranti, University of Helsinki, Finland Emily Fairchild, New College of Florida, US Gary Alan Fine, Northwestern University, US Stacey Hannem, Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada Titus Hjelm, University of Helsinki, Finland Annemarie Jutel, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Carol Kidron, University of Haifa, Israel Krzysztof T. Konecki, University of Lodz, Poland Joseph A. Kotarba, Texas State University, US Donileen Loseke, University of South Florida, US Eeva Luhtakallio, University of Helsinki, Finland Lisa McCormick, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland Neil McLaughlin, McMaster University, Canada Beth Montemurro, Pennsylvania State University, Abington, US Kylie Parrotta, California Polytechnic State University, US Laura Robinson, Santa Clara University, US Andrea Salvini, University of Pisa, Italy Susie Scott, University of Sussex, UK Cristine G. Severo, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil Xiaoli Tian, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Vilna Bashi Treitler, Northwestern University, US Hector Vera, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico J. Patrick Williams, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Gad Yair, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Eviatar Zerubavel, Rutgers University, US Find out more at bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/interpretive-lenses-in-sociology INTERPRETING RELIGION Making Sense of Religious Lives Edited by Erin F. Johnston and Vikash Singh First published in Great Britain in 2022 by Bristol University Press University of Bristol 1- 9 Old Park Hill Bristol BS2 8BB UK t: + 44 (0)117 374 6645 e: bup- [email protected] Details of international sales and distribution partners are available at bristoluniversitypress.co.uk © Bristol University Press 2022 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-5292-1161-0 hardcover ISBN 978-1-5292-1164-1 ePub ISBN 978-1-5292-1163-4 ePdf The right of Erin F. Johnston and Vikash Singh to be identified as editors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of Bristol University Press. Every reasonable effort has been made to obtain permission to reproduce copyrighted material. If, however, anyone knows of an oversight, please contact the publisher. The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the editors and contributors and not of the University of Bristol or Bristol University Press. The University of Bristol and Bristol University Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this publication. Bristol University Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race, disability, age and sexuality. Cover design: blu inc Front cover image: pixabay - Comfreak - fire-1783922 Bristol University Press uses environmentally responsible print partners. Printed in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Contents List of Figures and Tables ix Notes on Contributors x Series Editors’ Preface: Interpretive Lenses in Sociology – On the xiii Multidimensional Foundations of Meaning in Social Life Thomas DeGloma and Julie B. Wiest Introduction: Interpretive Approaches in the Study of Religion 1 Erin F. Johnston 1 Making Sense of Queer Christian Lives 19 Jodi O’Brien 2 The Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: Religion, 43 Spirituality, and Ritual among Children and Grandchildren of Holocaust Survivors Janet Jacobs 3 Doing It: Ethnography, Embodiment, and the Interpretation 66 of Religion Daniel Winchester 4 Mind the Gap: What Ethnographic Silences Can Teach Us 86 Rebecca Kneale Gould 5 The Public Sphere and Presentations of the Collective 106 Self: Being Shia in Modern India Aseem Hasnain 6 The Power of Meaning: Toward a Critical Discursive 131 Sociology of Religion Titus Hjelm 7 The Religion of White Male Ethnonationalism in a 151 Multicultural Reality George Lundskow 8 Totalitarianism as Religion 180 Yong Wang vii INTERPRETING RELIGION 9 The Heritage Spectrum: A More Inclusive Typology for the 199 Age of Global Buddhism Jessica Marie Falcone 10 Interpreting Nonreligion 228 Evan Stewart Afterword: Approaching Religions – Some Reflections on Meaning, 250 Identity, and Power Vikash Singh Index 271 viii List of Figures and Tables Figures 9.1 Heritage spectrum – wide lens: practitioner spectrum across 216 the horizontal axis and institutional spectrum along the vertical axis 9.2 Heritage spectrum for FPMT: practitioner spectrum across the 219 horizontal axis and institutional spectrum along the vertical axis 10.1 Variation across affiliated and unaffiliated respondents 238 10.2 Variation across nonreligious typologies, 2014 240 10.3 Variation across nonreligious typologies, 2016 240 Tables 9.1 The “who”: some terminologies for practitioners of 205 Buddhism outside Asia 9.2 The “what”: some terminologies for Buddhist institutions 210 and practices outside Asia 9.3 Heritage spectrum prime: parameters for practitioner axis 213 9.4 Heritage spectrum prime: parameters for practice/institution axis 214 10.1 Description of nonreligion measures 237 ix