Table Of Content

INTERNATIONAL LAW AS A LANGUAGE FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Se LE DROIT INTERNATIONAL COMME LANGAGE DES RELATIONS INTERNATIONALES EL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL COMO LENGUAJE DE LAS RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES PUBLISHED FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE UNITED NATIONS k~d KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL THE HAGUE/LONDON/BOSTON A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress UN Sales Number T.96. V. 4, ISBN 92-1-033074-3 Published by Kluwer Law International, P.O. Box 85889, 2508 CN The Hague, The Netherlands. United Nations publications may be obtained from book stores and distributors throughout the world. Consult your bookstore or write to: United Nations Publications United Nations Secretariat Room DC2-0853, Sales Section United Nations New York, N.Y. 1007 U.S.A. United Nations Office at Geneva Sales Section Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10 Switzerland The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. printedo n acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 1996 United Nations No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. Printed in the Netherlands CONTENTS Page Editorial Note ............................................ xii Secretariat of the Congress ................................ xiii Foreword ............................................... xiv Avant-Propos .. .......................................... xv Pr6logo ................................................. xvi Opening Statement ......................................... 1 Hans Corell, Under-Secretary-GeneralforL egal Affairs, Legal Counsel of the United Nations PART ONE Plenary M eetings . ........................................ 7 Monday, 13 March 1995 1. The Principles of International Law: Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Their Promotion and Implementation ........... 9 Morning Meeting Presentation of the Topic ............................. 11 JavadZ arif Justice and Stability in the International Order ............. 16 Hisashi Owada The Universality of International Law: Concepts and Limits ... 27 Dumitra Popescu PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS ON PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Hisashi Owada ........................... 37 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M s. Dumitra Popescu .......................... 39 Comments and suggestions of a general nature ........... 41 Afternoon Meeting Perspectivas regionales ante el Derecho Internacional: Reflexiones acerca de las Tendencias Actuales ............... 45 Maria Teresa Infante Caffi L'6volution du r6le des Nations Unies dans le maintien de la paix et de la sdcuritd internationales .................. 58 Brigitte Stern The Implementation and Promotion of International Law through National Courts ............................. 85 Jochen A. Frowein Difficulties of Global Negotiations: The Dilemma of M aritim e Delim itation ............................... 94 Kari Hakapdd Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by Ms. Maria Teresa Infante Caff .................. 100 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M s. Brigitte Stern ............................ 101 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r.J ochen A. Frowein ........................ 104 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Kari Hakapdd ........................... 106 Comments and suggestions of a general nature ......... 107 Tuesday, 14 March 1995 2. Means of Peaceful Settlement of Disputes between States, including resort to and full respect for the International Court of Justice ................................... 109 CONTENTS Morning Meeting Presentation of the Topic ............................ 111 Rosalyn Higgins Les ressources offertes par la fonction consultative de la Cour Internationale de Justice : Bilan et perspectives ............. 117 Mohammed Bedjaoui La Funci6n de la Corte Internacional de Justicia en el Sistema de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas ...................... 144 Santiago Torres-Berndrdez Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Mohammed Bedjaoui ...................... 154 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Santiago Torres-Berndrdez .................. 157 Afternoon Meeting Diplomacy and Resolution of International Disputes ........ 161 B. S. Murthy Enhancing the Role of Regional Arrangements or Agencies in the Peaceful Settlement of Disputes ................... 170 Oleg N. Khlestov Desarrollo y Tendencias Actuales de la Soluci6n Pacifica de Controversias en el Ambito del Derecho Internacional .... 176 Miguel Angel Gonzdlez Filix Peaceful Management of Transboundary Natural Resources . . . 184 Achol Deng Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. B. S. M urthy ............................ 199 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Oleg N. Khlestov ......................... 200 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. MiguelA ngel Gonzdlez Felix ................ 201 vi PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS ON PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Achol Deng ............................. 203 Wednesday, 15 March 1995 3. Conceptual and Practical Aspects of the Codification and Progressive Development of International Law: New Developments and Priorities ...................... 207 Morning Meeting Presentation of the Topic ............................ 209 Emilio Cdrdenas D6veloppement progressif et codification du droit international : Le r6le de 'Assemblde gdndrale revisitd ....... 215 Eric Suy Does Codification Lead to Wider Acceptance? ............ 224 Karl Zemanek Strengthening the Process of Codification and Development of International Law: The Evolving Functions of the International Law Commission and Increasing the Commitments of States. . 230 Alexander Yankov Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Eric Suy ............................... 241 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. KarlZ emanek ........................... 243 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Alexander Yankov ........................ 246 Comments and suggestions of a general nature ......... 249 Afternoon Meeting Democratization of International Relations and Its Implications for the Development and Application of International Law ... 250 Christopher W Pinto Codification du droit de la met : Perspectives et nouveaux d~veloppem ents ................................... 264 Vicente Marotta Rangel CONTENTS New Directions in International Environmental Law ........ 271 Edith Brown Weiss Open-floor Discussion Comments and suggestions of a general nature .......... 280 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Christopher W Pinto ...................... 281 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Vicente Marotta Rangel .................... 283 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Ms. Edith Brown Weiss ........................ 285 Thursday, 16March 1995 4. New Approaches to Research, Education and Training in the Field of International Law and Its Wider Appreciation ....... 291 Morning Meeting Presentation of the Topic ............................ 293 Edward Arthur Laing La promotion du droit international par la voie de la recherche et des nouvelles mdthodes d'enseignement ................ 305 Mohamed Bennani Universal Approach to the Teaching of International Law .... 320 Wang Tieya La Ensefianza del Derecho Internacional y los Recientes Cambios en las Realidades Internacionales ................ 325 Hictor Gros Espiell Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Mohamed Bennani ....................... 337 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Wang Tieya ............................. 338 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Hctor Gros Espiell ....................... 339 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. EdwardArthurL aing ..................... 342 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS ON PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW Afternoon Meeting Les rouages de l'enseignement du droit international ........ 345 Luigi Ferrari-Bravo Traditional and New Fields for the Development of Research and Education in International Law .................... 352 Zdzislav Galicki Creating World-class Citizens: International Law as an Essential Ingredient in Secondary School Education ........ 358 DonaldE . Buckingham Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Luigi Ferrari-Bravo ....................... 371 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Zdzislav Galicki ......................... 373 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Donald E. Buckingham .................... 374 Comments and suggestions of a general nature .......... 375 Friday, 17 March 1995 5. Towards the Twenty-first Century: New Challenges and Expectations ................................... 381 Morning Meeting Presentation of the Topic ............................ 383 Danilo Tirk The Changing Role of International Law in World Society . . . 390 Chi Young Pak Meeting Expectations through Process and Practice ........ 395 Sir Ninian Stephen Open-floor Discussion Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Chi Young Pak .......................... 402 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Sir Ninian Stephen .......................... 404 CONTENTS Comments and suggestions of a general nature ......... 407 Afternoon Meeting Making International Law More User-Friendly ............ 411 Louis B. Sohn Problems of Succession in Contemporary International Law .. 418 Olexander 0. Chaly Universality and the United Nations .................... 425 Peter D. Maynard Open-floor Discussion Comments and suggestions of a general nature ......... 433 Comments and questions related to the presentation by M r. Louis B. Sohn ........................... 434 Comments and questions related to the presentation by Mr. Oexander 0. Chaly ...................... 436 PART TWO Round-table Discussions .................................. 441 I. United Nations Sanctions as a Tool of Peaceful Settlement of Disputes .......................... 443 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Adriaan Bos ........................... 443 B. Summary of the Discussion .................. 446 II. Les Nations Unies et les commissions d'6tablissement des faits ...................................... 450 A. Presentation de l'animateur : DjamchidMomtaz ....................... 450 B. Rdsum du ddbat .......................... 459 III. The Expanding Horizons of International Humanitarian Law ......................................... 462 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Theodor M eron ......................... 462 B. Summary of the Discussion .................. 464 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONGRESS ON PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW IV Third-party Dispute Settlement at the Turn of the Century: Some Old Problems Revisited and Some New Problems Not Foreseen at The Hague in 1899/1907, or in the Statutes of the Permanent Court of International Justice and the International Court of Justice ............... 479 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Shabtai Rosenne ........................ 479 B. Summary of the Discussion ................... 484 V. International Law in the Field of Sustainable Development: Integrating Development, Environment and Human Rights . ....................................... 493 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Philippe Sands .......................... 493 B. Summary of the Discussion ................... 500 VI. The Charter of the United Nations and World Politics: The Role of the Security Council and the World Court in a Changing W orld ........................... 503 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: O ve Bring ............................. 503 B. Summary of the Discussion ................... 508 VII. Aspectos Conceptuales y Pricticos de la Codificaci6n y del Desarrollo Progresivo del Derecho Internacional: Nuevos Desarrollos y Prioridades .................. 517 A. Declaraci6n preliminar por la Moderadora: Maria del Lujdn Flores ................... 517 B. Resumen de la Discusi6n .................... 522 VIII. Space Law: The Role of the United Nations .......... 531 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Francis Lyall ........................... 531 B. Summary of the Discussion ................... 534 IX. Environmental Law Challenges to the Law of the Sea Convention: Progressive Development of Progressive D evelopm ent ................................. 549 A. Introductory Statement by the Moderator: Arthur Ralph Carnegie .................... 549 B. Summary of the Discussion ................... 556