Innovating Organization and Management: New Sources of Competitive Advantage PDF
Preview Innovating Organization and Management: New Sources of Competitive Advantage
Innovating Organization and Management Thesearchforcompetitiveadvantageservesasthebasisfor organizationalstrategy.Thisbookhighlightsfourkeypointsinthe analysisofcompetitiveadvantageandfinancialsuccessthathavenot beengiventheattentiontheydeserve:First,thatorganizationaldesign andmanagementprocessesmaybestrategicresourcesintheirown right;second,thatorganizationaldesignandmanagementprocesses canbedeployedtocreatenewstrategicresources;third,thatmanagers havebeguntothinkoforganizationaldesignandmanagement processesinaproactivewayratherthanseeingthemmorepassivelyas necessaryfacilitatorsofsuccess;and,fourth,thatthisnewwayof lookingatorganizationandmanagementrequiresasearchfornew waysofstructuringorganizationaldesignandmanagerialprocesses. ThesepointsaredrivenhomethroughcasestudiesoftheDanishfirms LEGOGroup,VestasWindSystems,Coloplast,Chr.Hansen,IC Companys,andNKTFlexibles. nicolai j. foss isProfessorofOrganizationandStrategyatthe CopenhagenBusinessSchoolandProfessorofKnowledge-basedValue CreationattheNorwegianSchoolofEconomics. torben pedersen isProfessorofInternationalBusinessatthe DepartmentofStrategicManagementandGlobalizationatthe CopenhagenBusinessSchool. jacobpyndtworksforNordea,aleadingNordic-basedpan-European bank,whereheisinvolvedwithbusinessstrategyissueswitha primaryfocusontheoutsourcingoffunctionsandprocesses. majken schultz isProfessorattheDepartmentofOrganizationat theCopenhagenBusinessSchool,InternationalResearchFellowatthe CentreforCorporateReputation,SaïdBusinessSchool,Universityof Oxford,andsenioradvisortotheReputationInstitute. Innovating Organization and Management New Sources of Competitive Advantage nicolai j. foss DepartmentofStrategicManagementandGlobalization CopenhagenBusinessSchool DepartmentofStrategyandManagement NorwegianSchoolofEconomics torben pedersen DepartmentofStrategicManagementandGlobalization CopenhagenBusinessSchool jacob pyndt NordeaBankDanmarkA/S majken schultz DepartmentofOrganization CopenhagenBusinessSchool cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,SãoPaulo,Delhi,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress, NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107648227 ©NicolaiJ.Foss,TorbenPedersen,JacobPyndt,andMajkenSchultz2012 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2012 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata Innovatingorganizationandmanagement:newsourcesofcompetitiveadvantage/ NicolaiJ.Foss...[etal.]. p. cm. ISBN978-1-107-01105-2(hardback) 1. Organizationaleffectiveness. 2. Strategicplanning. 3. Management. 4. Successinbusiness. I. Foss,NicolaiJ.,1964– HD58.9.I56 2011 658.4’063–dc23 2011025057 ISBN978-1-107-01105-2Hardback ISBN978-1-107-64822-7Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Contents Listoffigures pagevi Listoftables viii Listofboxes ix 1 Newsourcesofcompetitiveadvantage 1 2 Causesoffirmsuccess:Fromresourcestoorganization andmanagement 15 3 LEGO:Redefiningtheboundaries 41 4 Vestas:Thewilltowin(d) 72 5 Coloplast:Innovatinginnovation 105 6 Chr.Hansen:Collaborativeformsunderprivateequity ownership 138 7 ICCompanys:Creativegeniusandcommercial attitudes 165 8 NKTFlexibles:GlobalsourcingofR&Dinnovation 198 9 Concludingreflections:Innovatingorganizationand managementtostaycompetitive 216 Index 242 v Figures 3.1 LEGOGroupOrganization page42 3.2 Strategydirectionandphases 45 3.3 KeyareasintheLEGOGroup’schangingbusiness model 46 3.4 Revenuesplit,2007 47 4.1 MWdelivered,revenue,andEBITmargins,2002–7 78 4.2 VestasGovernmentandorganizationalstructure 89 4.3 Expectedgrowthinemployeeintake 94 4.4 Developmentinmarketshare,2004–7 96 5.1 Functionallydividedorganization,spring2007 108 5.2 Divisionalstructuresincethe1980s,Global Operationsasintroducedin2005 109 5.3 Historicaltimelineandmilestones 111 5.4 Geographicalandbusinessareas,organicgrowth, 2006/7 112 5.5 Coloplast’sstrategicprioritiesfor2012 115 5.6 Coloplast’sworldwidepresence 116 5.7 Organizationalstructureofthecommercial excellencefunction 123 5.8 Coloplast’sinnovationmodel 130 6.1 Historicaltimeline 140 6.2 Organizationalstructure 142 6.3 DevelopmentinsalesandEBITmargins 145 6.4 Developmentinworkingcapital2002–7 147 6.5 Chr.Hansen’s“must-win”battleslaiddownin immediatecontinuationofthetakeover 150 6.6 CollaborativetiesbetweenPAI,theBoard,and management 153 vi list of figures vii 7.1 Revenuebybrand,2006/7,growth,andEBIT margin 179 7.2 Comparingrevenueandprofitcontribution,2004/5 180 7.3 ICCompanysvaluechain 182 7.4 Stylecompositioninfashionclothingdesign 183 7.5 Dividinglinesbetweenthesharedplatformand brandactivities 187 7.6a Formerorganizationalstructure 191 7.6b Currentorganizationalstructure 192 8.1 Exampleofapipeconstruction 201 8.2 NKTFlexibles’sinnovation-to-marketfunnel 209 8.3 Flexpressopticalgasmonitoringsystem 210 9.1 Degreeofdepthandbreadthofmanagement innovations 221 Tables 3.1 Financialhighlightsandkeyratios page43 3.2 Productionoutsourcingoverview 56 4.1 Financialhighlightsandkeyratios 76 4.2 Marketgrowthinselectedmarkets 81 5.1 Fiveyearsofkeyfiguresandratios 106 5.2 Financialresults,marketvalue,andColoplast shares 113 6.1 Chr.Hansen’spositioninvariousbusiness segments(2005) 143 6.2 Marginsforfoodingredientsmanufacturersin2004 145 6.3 Geographicalsalesdevelopment2006–7 161 7.1 Financialhighlightsandkeyratios 167 7.2 Brandoverview 170 7.3 Salesperformancebymarket 181 9.1 Basiccharacteristicsofthesixcasecompanies 218 9.2 Keyfeaturesandstructuralcommonalitiesinthe casestudies 226 9.3 Keydilemmasandproblemareasdiscussedinthe casestudies 237 viii Boxes 1.1 TheM-form page3 1.2 TheOticonspaghettiorganization 4 1.3 Managementinnovation 5 1.4 Keyideas 8 1.5 Openinnovation 10 2.1 Theresource-basedview 17 2.2 Organizationaldesignandmanagementprocesses 21 2.3 Specificorganizationalpracticesandperformance 26 2.4 Theeconomicapproachtoorganizations 29 2.5 LEGOCEOJørgenVigKnudstorpondecision rights 33 2.6 LincolnElectric 34 3.1 Valuesandculturalheritage 51 4.1 Region-basedpoliticalincentives 78 4.2 Competitivelandscape 82 4.3 Vestas’svision,mission,andvalues 87 5.1 Coloplast’sinnovationinthewoundcaremarket 127 6.1 IntroductiontoPDIs 159 ix
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