In the Polish Secret War This page intentionally left blank In the Polish Secret War Memoir of a World War II Freedom Fighter M S. M ARIAN AZGAJ McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers Jefferson, North Carolina, and London LIBRARYOFCONGRESSCATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATIONDATA Mazgaj, Marian S., ¡923– In the Polish secret war : memoir of a World War II freedom fighter / Marian S. Mazgaj. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7864-3822-8 softcover : 50# alkaline paper ¡. Mazgaj, Marian S., 1923–. 2. World War, 1939–1945— Underground movements—Poland. 3. World War, 1939–1945—Personal narratives, Polish. 4. Poland— History—Occupation, 1939–1945. 5. Guerrillas—Poland— Biography. I. Title. D802.P6M387 2009 940.53'438092—dc22 2008041715 [B] British Library cataloguing data are available ©2009 Marian S. Mazgaj. All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. On the cover: topPolish Warsaw Uprising, Eastern Europe 1944; bottom ©2008 Shutterstock Manufactured in the United States of America McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers Box 6¡¡, Je›erson, North Carolina 28640 www.mcfarlandpub.com Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam et Beatae Virginis Mariae I dedicate this book to the memory of my comrades-in-arms, who died in our struggle against the inhuman forces of the Nazis, and to the families who risked their lives providing shelter and food for our military units. This page intentionally left blank A CKNOWLEDGMENTS In writing my memoir and in preparing it for publication, I received sub- stantial help and cooperation from many generous persons, to whom I owe a deep debt of gratitude. First of all, I would like to thank my first cousin Jozef Mazgaj and his brother Jan Mazgaj, both now deceased, and my younger brother, Klemens Mazgaj, for their recollections and the important materials they provided, which they mailed to me from Poland. I am also grateful to my comrades-in-arms, Colonel Witold Jozefowski (“Mis”), Lieutenant Zdzis- law Rachtan (“Halny”), Dr. Zbigniew Kabata (“Bobo”), Dr. Piotr Sierant (“Marian”), Jan Osemlak (“Straceniec”), Wlodzimierz Gruszczynski (“Jach”), Jozef Bojanowski (“Walter”), Jan Bojanowski (“Michal”), and Krystyna Bronikowska Radlinska for sharing with me their knowledge of certain aspects of our mutual struggle in fighting the Nazi forces in Poland. In placing numerous events in time and space, I am greatly indebted to the writings of Dr. Piotr Matusak, Dr. Piotr Sierant, Eugeniusz Dabrowski (“Pliszka”), Wlodzimierz Gruszczynski, Dr. Mieczyslaw Korczak (“Dentysta”), and Capitan Henryk Kuksz (“Selim”). I owe sincere words of gratitude to my dear wife, Mildred Juanita, for letting me, at times, spread out the pages of my manuscript not only in our library but also in other rooms of our home. I am very grateful to Dr. Kabata (“Bobo”) for his constant encourage- ment during my work on my memoir. As a commanding officer of our machine gun platoon, he wrote to me, saying: “Marian, at your last post, as a soldier of the Home Army, you must write your recollections of our fight against Nazism in World War II.” I am also greatly indebted to Mrs. Robin Giesey for her excellent work in editing and typing the final draft of the manuscript. vii This page intentionally left blank C ONTENTS Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Part One: Before World War II Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. The Clouds of War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Part Two: The Time of War 2. The Beginning of World War II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3. The First Stage of the Nazi Occupation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4. The Conspiracy Begins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5. The Deportation of the Klimontow Jews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 6. The Destruction of Struzki. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 7. Life Is Stronger than Bullets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 8. Becoming a Freedom Fighter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 9. Flying Commando in Action. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 10. The Attack on Szczucin Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 11. Disarming the Nazis in Samborzec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 12. The Visit of Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 13. Mining the Railroad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 14. Snatching Nazi Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 15. Attacks on Gestapo Agent von Paul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 16. Military Air Drops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 ix
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