in agroforestry systems

290 Pages·2014·6.39 MB·English

by  N Palmac

capa
EURAF

EUROPEAN AGROFORESTRY FEDERATION

nd
2 European Agroforestry Conference

Integrating Science and Policy to Promote Agroforestry in Practice
Book of Abstracts

June 2014
Cottbus, Germany

Editor-In-Chief: Organizing Committee:
João HN Palma Dirk Freese
Editors: Anja Chalmin
Anja Chalmin Christian Dupraz
Paul Burgess Rosa Mosquera-Losada
Jo Smith Anastasia Panthera
Mike Strachan Norbert Lammersdorf
Jabier Ruiz Mirazo João HN Palma
Adolfo Rosati Joana A Paulo

Scientific Committee:
Adolfo Rosati
Anastasia Panthera
Ansgar Quinkenstein
Gerardo Moreno
Jo Smith
Joana A Paulo
João HN Palma
Rosa Mosquera-Losada
Sami Kryeziu

ISBN: 978-972-97874-4-7
cover design: Luís Fonseca

(The 50 words more frequent in this document, sized proportional to their frequency)
Contents

Preface .............................................................................................................................................. v
New insights into carbon, water and nutrient cycling in agroforestry ........................................ 2
Biophysical Interactions in the Alley Cropping System in Saskatchewan ................................................................... 3
Soil carbon sequestration in a Mediterranean agroforestry system............................................................................. 7
Pasture management under hardwood plantations: legume implantation vs. mineral fertilization ............................ 10
Carbon Sequestration in a Poplar Agroforestry System in India with Wheat and other Crops at
Different Spacing and Row Directions ....................................................................................................................... 14
Policy proposals and impacts ...................................................................................................... 18
A methodological framework for quantification and valuation of ecosystem services of tree-based
intercropping systems ................................................................................................................................................ 19
Towards a joint strategy for Iberian oak agroforestry systems: acknowledging the value of dehesas
and montados ............................................................................................................................................................ 26
Agroforestry in the French Green and Blue Corridors policy: towards promotion of trees? ...................................... 28
Environmental benefits provided by agroforestry ...................................................................... 30
Variable-width Buffers to Reduce Sediment Pollution from Potato Production on Steep Slopes:
Analysis of Black Brook Watershed using AgBufferBuilder ....................................................................................... 31
SCA0PEST, a pesticide-free agroforestry cropping system: ex-ante performance evaluation ................................. 35
Do agroforestry systems promote a thriving nightlife? Assessing bat activity with an easy to use
standardized protocol ................................................................................................................................................. 39
The Spatial Distribution and Functioning of invertebrates in Organic Agroforestry Systems .................................... 42
Agroforestry for land reclamation ................................................................................................ 43
Modeling of agroforestry in Natura 2000 habitat site in Hungary............................................................................... 44
Small ruminants as a fire management tool in a Mediterranean mountain region .................................................... 48
Celtic Pig production in Chestnut extensive systems in Galicia ................................................................................ 52
Alley Cropping – A promising multifunctional form of land use for reclaimed lignite mining sites in
Germany..................................................................................................................................................................... 55
Innovative solutions for sustainable agriculture with agroforestry .......................................... 58
Alley coppice: an innovative land use system - options of system design with experimental evidence .................... 59
Holistic agroforestry system in practice. Just an idea or is there a living model? ...................................................... 63
The Economics of Woodland Eggs in the UK ............................................................................................................ 67
Combining Hens for Egg Production and Trees for Wood Chips in an Agroforestry System .................................... 71
Variation of understory biomass in a valonia oak silvopastoral system according to distance from
sheep and goat sheds ................................................................................................................................................ 74
Posters ............................................................................................................................................ 77
Results for net primary production from poplars and willows irrigated with biologically treated
wastewater in short rotation coppices ........................................................................................................................ 78
i
Agricultural, forest and rural policy sectors’ receptiveness to agroforestry intercropping systems in
Quebec (Canada) ...................................................................................................................................................... 82
Could tree leaves serve as a mineral supplement for dairy cows and goats? .......................................................... 86
Energy wood production in alley cropping agroforestry systems .............................................................................. 89
The influence of policy sectors on agroforestry in Germany ..................................................................................... 93
Tree-based intercropping: A land-use for greenhouse gas mitigation in Canadian agricultural systems ................. 96
Behaviour of Degradable Tree Shelters in Forestry and Agro-Forestry Environments .......................................... 100
On-farm monitoring of agroforestry innovations ...................................................................................................... 103
Solid biofuel and biogas production from a grassland-willow alley cropping system.............................................. 106
Analysis of a silvopastoral system with animals of the autochthonous swine breed Porco Celta in
Galicia (NW Spain) .................................................................................................................................................. 110
Indicators explaining the benefits of agroforestry systems ..................................................................................... 113
Cattle production in agroforestry systems. An analysis on the role of intensification and dependence of
subsidies.................................................................................................................................................................. 116
Calibration of the parameters of the Yield-SAFE model in silvopastoral systems under Pinus radiata
D. Don ..................................................................................................................................................................... 120
From research to the field… developing a third generation agroforestry ................................................................ 124
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) - an invasive alien species or potentially species plantation of
agroforestry in Pannonian ecoregion ...................................................................................................................... 127
Tree growth in a silvopastoral system established in acid soils with Pinus radiata D. Don .................................... 131
Co-Design of innovative periurban horticultural agroforestry systems: Case study of a pilot farm in the
south of France ....................................................................................................................................................... 135
Silvopastoral management for quality wood production ......................................................................................... 139
Interactions among plant layers in shrub-encroached Iberian dehesas and consequences for their
persistence .............................................................................................................................................................. 143
Juglans growth under ploughing and Vicia villosa sowing understory management .............................................. 147
Nutritive value of Quercus pyrenaica Willd browse species in NE of Portugal ....................................................... 150
Carbon balance estimation for Agroforestry land use alternatives in Portugal ....................................................... 153
The role of scattered trees and habitat diversity for biodiversity of Iberian dehesas .............................................. 157
Evolution of crop yields and qualities in a short rotation coppice alley cropping system in Germany .................... 161
Agroforestry at the limits: Using field scarps and lynchets for valuable wood production ...................................... 165
Reduced groundwater recharge under short rotation coppice plantations – can agroforestry help? ..................... 168
Potential of growing crops between poplar rows in hybrid poplar plantations in Croatia ........................................ 172
Valuation of grazing resources in agroforestry systems: an example of extensive livestock farms of
Spanish Dehesas .................................................................................................................................................... 175
Environmental, economic and social indicators of rural development in agroforestry areas .................................. 179
Where to implement Short Rotation Agroforestry Systems? A spatially-explicit approach to derive site
suitability from site conditions and field geometries ................................................................................................ 183
Innovating tree plantation design: Spiralographing agroforestry............................................................................. 187
How two business models respond to current challenges of agrowood production: The case of
Brandenburg/Germany. ........................................................................................................................................... 190
ii
How could Agroforestry Systems provide beneficial effects on ecosystem services? – An assessment
framework to support regional governance of climate protection goals in the Göttingen district ............................ 194
Effect of tree species and location within tree strips on plant species richness and composition
in agroforestry systems ............................................................................................................................................ 198
Agroforestry research and development in Hungary ............................................................................................... 201
Holistic Management approach................................................................................................................................ 205
as a tool for dehesa/montado restoration ................................................................................................................ 205
Social and economic evaluation of innovative alley coppice systems mixing timber trees with
bioenergy wood crops in agroforestry systems........................................................................................................ 209
Agr’eau ..................................................................................................................................................................... 213
Agroforestry in Czech Republic – history, present state and perspectives ............................................................. 217
Trees for bees and sustainability ............................................................................................................................. 220
Growth performance and survival of poplar and willow in waterlogged soils – a comparison of two
sites .......................................................................................................................................................................... 223
Willow short rotation plantation as an alley cropping system – aspects on yield development and
nutrient cycling ......................................................................................................................................................... 226
Different trees - different regeneration ability: assessing the number of sprouts after first harvest
in organic and integrated agroforestry systems ....................................................................................................... 230
CliPick – Climate Change Web Picker. Bridging climate and biological modeling scientific communities .............. 233
Water use and productivity of poplar and willow in SRC plan-tations in NE Germany along gradients of
groundwater depth ................................................................................................................................................... 237
Biomimicry, Ecomimetism, Agroforestry and Landscapes ....................................................................................... 241
Territorial agroforestry design using GIS-KB for catchment water quality recovery ................................................ 243
Pasture production and quality in silvopastoral systems established with pine and downy birch after
fourteen years of development ................................................................................................................................ 247
Goats choose to eat trees when having free choice ................................................................................................ 250
The potential function of short rotation coppice strips for birds and ground beetles (Coleoptera,
Carabidae)................................................................................................................................................................ 252
Soil respiration in alley-cropping system composed of black locust and poplar trees, Germany. ........................... 253
Shelterbelt of fast growing tree species for mitigation of wind erosion and carbon sequestration in an
open landscape of northeast Germany .................................................................................................................... 254
Alley Coppice: Combining Willow SRC with Poplar and Cherry trees ..................................................................... 255
Short rotation coppices along watercourses – an innovative combination of sustainable agriculture
and water protection ................................................................................................................................................. 256
Is light competition between trees and crops a limiting factor for agroforestry systems at high
latitudes? .................................................................................................................................................................. 257
The state of alley cropping systems for bioenergy .................................................................................................. 258
Ecologically sound sites for the establishment and cultivation of short rotation coppice (SRC) and
SRC-strips ................................................................................................................................................................ 258
Mycelium patterns of two edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms in the soil of a chestnut grove ................................ 259
Allometry of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) in shelterbelts: The determination of porosity
and stem/branch distribution by image analysis and field measurements. ............................................................. 260
Agroforestry for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Canada .......................................................................................... 261
iii
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides); breeding for commercial production and phytochemical
profile, and incorporation in agroforestry systems in Canada ................................................................................. 262
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in agroforestry systems: spatial and temporal variation of the
plant water status and growth ................................................................................................................................. 263
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) adaptability and plasticity to drought........................................................ 264
Profitability of sheep grazing in young conifer plantations of British Columbia, Canada ........................................ 265
RMT “AgroforesterieS”: a new Mixed Technological Network for agroforestry development in France ................. 266
Impact of black locust hedgerows on wind velocity and wind erosion in Eastern Germany ................................... 267
Carabid beetles in agroforestry systems: reducing complexity of life styles through energy budgets ................... 268
The Knowledge Data Bank, (KBD), in the AgroFE project (EU Leonardo ToI project) ........................................... 269
New experience in Mediterranean areas: production and nutritional value of perennial forage species
in agroforestry rainfed systems ............................................................................................................................... 271
Agroforestry and the Afforestation Programme in the Republic of Ireland ............................................................. 273

iv
Preface

Who is afraid of agroforestry?
The European Agroforestry Federation is proud to bring to you the second European
Agroforestry Conference, in Cottbus, Germany.
The first European Agroforestry Conference was held in Brussels in October 2012, and was
landmarked by an unprecedented parallel session at the European Parliament. This was the first
time European Members of the Parliament discussed this topic and listened to policy proposals
formulated by EURAF. Not the last.... In the last two years, they had more opportunities to learn
about agroforestry, as EURAF became more and more involved in Agroforestry lobbying, both at
the European level and at the national levels in many European countries.
This second European Agroforestry Conference occurs at a special time : the time when the
new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is being implemented across Europe for the next 6 years.
This new CAP is more friendly to trees outside forest than ever. For the first time, a definition of
agroforestry is included in an European policy. Thanks to EURAF and to the dedication of its
members. The focus of this conference (how to integrate science and policy to promote
agroforestry) is therefore crucial. Now that policy has taken agroforestry on board, scientist may
feel under pressure. They are. But let’s share the pressure, lets exchange ideas, novels,
concepts, results. Let’s document agroforestry failures as well as agroforestry successes.
Agroforestry is not an evidence. Agroforestry is not the solution to all the problems of modern
agriculture. But agroforestry can be part of it.

Christian Dupraz,

President of the European Agroforestry Federation

v
Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg

Brandenburg University of Technology is pleased to host the 2nd European Agroforestry
Conference between 4th and 6th June 2014 entitled “Integrating Science & Policy to Promote
Agroforestry in Practice”. Agroforestry had some traditions as an optional land use system in
Central Europe, but during the last eighty years these management systems disappeared
progressively due to the ongoing industrialization of agriculture and the resulting land
consolidation.
The recent rising demand for woody biomass for bioenergy in Germany is expected to lead to
an increased cultivation of trees on farmland. As a result, there are numerous research projects
that deal with these current issues, e.g. agroforestry systems with short rotation components.
The Chair of Soil Protection and Recultivation at the Brandenburg University of Technology
has been intensively engaged in the research field of agroforestry for more than 15 years. The
background of this research remains to be in understanding how fast growing tree species
planted in agroforestry systems, but also in short rotation coppices, affect abiotic and biotic
functions of the environment. Positive effects have been shown for the overall soil quality, the
microclimate and the biodiversity.
The interaction between trees on crops and their impact on soil characteristics is the main
focus of research including studies of humus accumulation in soil, carbon sequestration and
nutrient cycle. Moreover, numerous studies are dealing with the carbon allocation in woody
biomass, and hence, address questions concerning site specific yields of woody biomass on
agricultural land.
In this context, post-mining areas play a very important role. Furthermore, the development
and assessment of suitable reclamation measurements by using fast growing tree species is part
of several investigations. The majority of studies are integral parts of national or international
collaborative research projects founded by ministries, public institutions as well as industrial
partners.
For more information about research projects and publications please visit:
http://www.tu-cottbus.de/projekte/en/multifunctional-land-use.html
vi