Imitating the Disbelievers – al-Hafidh adh-Dhahabi

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IMITATING THE
DISBELIEVERS
by
AL-HAFIDH ADH-DHAHAB!
( .748H)
D
Translated from the original Arabic by
Ab۵Rumaysah
Title: ImitatingthePolytheists
by:ALLiafidhadh-Dhahabi(d.748H)
TranslatedfromtheOriginalArabicbyAbURumaysah
©Copyright2002byDaarus-SunnahPublishers
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CONTENT
BIOGRAPHYOFTHEAUTHOR:
AL-HAFIDHADH-DHAHABI(D.748H) 4
THETREATISE:
IMITATINGTHE DISBELIEVERS 7
APPENDIX
WHOEVER IMITATESAPEOPLEIS OFTHEM 38
INDEX OF AHADITH 45
-
kreproduced
BIOGRAPHIES 47
ormeans,
؟^formation
،
ﺎطexpress
BIBLIOGRAPHY 55
GLOSSARY 57-64
Unary.
BIOGRAPHY AUTHOR
OF THE
.
He is Muhammad bin Ahmad bin ‘Uthman bin Qaymaz at-
Turkamani adh-Dhahabi, Shamsu-d-Din, AbU Abdullah, the
Hadith Master 0hafidh), the eat scholar (ZallamaB) the histo-
)
rian {muarrikh) and researchingscholar (muhaqqiq).Hewasborn
،
in Kafarabatna, Damascus, in the year 673H and travelled to
many different lands in the pursuit of knowledge.
He studied under a galaxy of scholars, male and female, some
of whom were Shaykh al-Isiam ibn Taymiyyah, ibn Daqiq al-
٤Eid, Ibrahim at-Iabari, ‘Umar bin al-Abbas, AbU al-Hajjaj al-
Mizzi, Alamu-d-Din al-Barzaii, Khadijah bint YUsuf, Zainab
bint Ahmad and Fatimah bint Ibrahim.
an
He excelled in the sciences of Qur’ recitation, hadith, jarh
wa-t-ta٤dil,andhistory.Hewasappointedasteacherinanumber
of hadith schools in Damascus such as Dar al-Hadith al-
.
‘Arawi^ah, Dar al-Hadith an-Naflsi^ah and Dar al-Hadith al-
Fadilij^ah.
Hewashighlyrespectedand praised bymanyof the eatschol-
ars,it is sufficient to mention that ibn Hajr al-AsqaHni used to
drink Zamzam with the intention of attaining the rank of adh-
Dhahabi in knowledge and he said about him, ‘he is among
those who have total mastery in the field of critiquing hadith
narrators.’
He had many students, some of whom were, Ahmad bin
Muhammad al-Maqdisi, Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Aia’i, ibn
Kathir and Taqi-ud-Din as-Subki.
ا
BiographyoftheAuthor 5
He authored many invaluable works, exceeding two hundred,
which were sought after in all the lands. Some of the more.
، ،
،ه،iQdayumia,ztahte- Tkanfaoqzuqs, Monilea؟n، &atle-T,taid؛-aA؛,rTkar،zinfebjtaShilJslaatmiJ,iS,iaya-r،UAt،،tami١aTna-nNqtztblittalat-*
the histo- md Tadbfeiratw-JHw^adb.
ئwasborn
Itevelled to He became blind seven years before he passed awayin theyear
748H, may Allah have mercy upon him.١
-
،
! male, some The title of this treatise is, Tashabbuh al-Khasis bi Ahli-l-Khamis
jk-yd at-Tasbabbnb bi-Hwsbrifem icYv couYdk ttiAated
ﺎھDaqiq al-
*^Hajjaj al- as,٤thedisgracefulimitationof thosewhocelebrateal-Khamis2
.
a refutation of imitating the polytheists.’
Zainab
' All footnotes in the following treatise are taken from the notes to it by
K hadith, jarh Shaykh Ali Hasan al-Halabi, sometimes quoted verbatim and sometimes
summarised.Additionalnoteshavebeenaddedbythetranslatorandtheseare
هذanumber precededby«T».
*Hadith al-
r*Hadith al- 2Itiswritteninthemanuscript insmallwritingabovethistitle,٤i.e.Khamisal-
Baydanditiswell-known.’
Isay:thisKhamisisdhtidedintotwocategories:
a)TheLesserKhamiswhichreferstothelastThursdaytofallinthe
hrgreatschol-
daysinwhichtheChristiansfast.
ﺪﻧ used to
b)TheGreaterKhamiswhichfallsattheendoftheirdaysoffasting,
took of adh- ؛ theycallthisoccasion‘theCelebrationoftheLastSupper’(،eidal-maidaB).
is among
، Refer toibnTaymiyyah, اIqtiia*as-Sdratal-Mustaqim)؛1/3141and the
qrang hadith
؛ notesofitseditor.
«T» The days in which the Christians fast are known as Lent, they
commence from Ash Wednesday,last fortyweekdays and end with Easter.
Ahmad bin Easteris theChristianfestivalcelebratingthe‘resurrection’ofJesus.So the
!
al-Aiai, ibn Khamiswhichtheauthor,mayAllahhave mercyuponhim,mentions most
probablymeansEaster.
TheMondaybeforeLent,CollopMonday,wasspentineatingmeat=
6 Imitating the disbelievers
=andtheTuesdayineatingsweets—theoriginof Pancakeday.
AnotherimportantChristianactionofworshipistheEucharist.This
istheChristiansacramentcommemoratingtheLastSupperinwhichbreadand
wineareconsecratedandconsumed.Theauthormakesfrequentreferenceto
theconsumingofbreadinthistreatise,perhapsthisisinreferencetothisact
andotherChristianworshipsinwhichbreadisconsumed.
IMITATING DISBELIEVERS
THE
AL-HAFIDHADH-DHAHABI(D.748H)
THE TREATISE
All praise and thanks are due to the One who.favoured US with
Islam, Who granted US sight after blindness Who guided US
from misguidance and bestowed upon US blessings that allow
us to abide by the upright and steadfast religion.
I
Peace and blessings be upon our master,Muhammad,who was
sent as a mercy to all of the worlds, as an Imam for the pious
and God-fearing, as an intercessor* for thesinners,as aWarner
— warning against imitating the Jews, Christians and Sabians,2
and as a caller to Allah upon firm knowledge with the clearest
peace
of proofs and blessings be upon him], his familyand all
,
of his Companions.
؛
It is truly distressing to find the ignorant masses losing much
[knowledge and understanding] of what the righteous Salaf 3
'ThescholarshaveclarifiedthattheMessenger(i)hasbeengrantedanumber
of^esofintercession.Thesewere brieflymentioned byImamibnAbial-
Tzzal-Danafi,Shar'h‘Aqidahat-lahkiyyah'mAmentionedindetailbyShaykh
MuqbilbinHadial-Wadil,ash-Shifa‘a.Thislatterbookisabeneficialworkon
thissubject.
--
Eucharist.This 2TheyareapeoplewhoworshipthestarsandAngels.
kvfakhbreadand RefertorYafsiribnKathir[1/104].
treferenceto ٠
etothisact 3These are the people of those generations aboutwhom the Prophet ( )
testifiedtobeupongood,‘thebestofpeoplearemygeneration,thenthose=
8 Imitating thedisbelievers
were upon comprising their holding firm to the Straight Path,
their avoiding innovations and their shunning the distinguish-
ing feamres of the denizens of Hell. Similarly it is distressing
to find the i^orant ones of the Khalaf 4 followingeverysinful,
misguided individual. There is no might or movement except
with Allah, the Most High, the Great!
ThatwhichtheNobleMessenger(i)warnedUSofhasoccurred
when he said.
،؛ﺬﺜﻟﺈﺑ ؛ﺬﻔﻟا وﺬﺣ ﻢﻜﺋ نﺎﻛ ﻦﺗ ﺲﺳ ﺲﺒﻗ
ﻦﯿﺑ :
ﺎﯾ : ،هﻮﻤﺘﻠﺧد [ ﺐﺘﻧ ﻦﺤﺟ اﻮﺘﺧذ وًال
ﺲﻧ
؟ :دﺎﻗ ؟ىرﺎﺼﺌﻟاو نﻮﻨﯾآ !ﷲ زﻮﺳذ
،You will surely follow the ways of those who came
before you,inexactly the same fashion,to the point
that were they to enter the hole of a lizard,you too
would enter it.) It was asked of him, ،0 Messenger
ofAllah!Doyou mean theJewsand Christians?)He
whofollow,then thosewho follow...).
Reportedbyal-Bukharf [Eng.Trans.3/498no.819,5/2no.2,8/292no.436]
andMuslim png.Trans.4/1347no.’s6156-6158] from‘Imran.«T»Alsore-
portedbyBukharipng.Trans.3/498no.820,5/2no.3,8/292no.437]and
Muslim png. Trans. 4/1345 no.’s 6150-6153] from Abdullah bin MasUd؛
Muslim png.Trans.4/1346no.’s6154-6155]fromAbUHurayrah;andMus-
lim png.Trans.4/1347no.6159]from‘A’ishah.
4TheyaretheonewhocameaftertheSalaf,thosewhoderiatedfromtheirpath
andopposedtheirmethodology(manhaj).0Allah!WeaskYouthatwefollow
thepathof theSalaf andwetakerefogewithYoufromtheinnovationsof the
)
Kbalaf.
ا
Imitating the disbelievers 9
IStraight Path, replied,‘who else?’
مء
distinguish-
-
؛1is distressing Meaningwho else could I be referring to?
ﻵلﻹsinful, ٠ .
t except The Prophet ( said
ﻢﮭﺌﻣ ﻮﮭﻓ مﻮﻘﯾ ﺔﺳﻰﻣ
rfhasoccurred
Whoever imitates a people is of them.
.
The Messenger of Allah (§) said
نﻮﺋﺎﺘﻧ ىرﺎﺼﺌﻟاو ،ﺈﺜﮭﯿﻠﻋ بﻮﻀﺌﺗ بﻮﻘﺜﻟا
wrj TheJews are those who have anger upon them and
theChristiansare thosewhohave strayedd
Dame
§point
،
ﻢﻟ too
5ReportedbyBukharipng.Trans.4/440no.662,9/314no.422]andMuslim
He png.Trans.4/1403no.’s 6448-6449] fromAbUSaid.Itisalsoreported by
Bukharipng.Trans.9/314no.421]fromAbUHurayrah.
6Aportionof ahadithreportedbyAhmad[no.’s5114,5115]fromibn‘Umar
ة8/292no.436] vdthahasanisnad.Thisportionitself isreportedbyAbUDawud png.Trans.
nBLa٠oT».4A3l7s]oarned- 3M/u1g1b2m7،anno.H4a0m20a]law٤-Aithsfaarh\aV،sa?n)4iTs\n.adanditwasdeclaredsahihbyal-‘Iraqi,al-
- «T»Seeappendixforadiscussiononthishadith.
it bin MasUd؛
ranh:andMus- 7Reportedbyat-Tirmidhi[no.2956],Ahmad [4/378]andibnUibban[no.’s
1715,2279].
Itsisnadcontains‘UbbadbinHubaysh,onlyonenarratorreportsfrom
foeirpafo
himandibnUibbandeclared himthiqah!Al-uafidhsaid,‘maqbuf.Isay:the
،thatwefollow
hadithhas a number ofwitnesses, both mawqUfand marfo‘,that have been
prionsof the
mentionedbyas-SuyUti,ad-Durral-Manthur[1/42].
ThereforethehadithishasaninshaAllah.