IEEE Power and Energy Magazine

108 Pages·2022·33.482 MB·English

Volume 20 • Number 1 • January/February 2022
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Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2021.3135140
magazine
Volume 20 • Number 01 • january/february 2022
www.ieee.org/power
on the 38
cover
MIEL
M/SILKEN PHOTOGRAPHY ©SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/TRZ
O
©SHUTTERSTOCK.C
features
s
16 Powerlines and Wildfires: Overview, 52 Wildfires Down Under
Perspectives, and Climate Change By Dean Sharafi, Andrew Dowdy,
By Wolfram Jahn, James L. Urban, Judith Landsberg, Phillip Bryant, Dene Ward, t
and Guillermo Rein Julian Eggleston, and Guanchi Liu
28 Wildfire Resiliency 64 Managing Wildfire Risks n
By Bill Chiu, Rajdeep Roy, By Eric A. Udren, Chris Bolton, Dan Dietmeyer,
and Thuan Tran Tariq Rahman, and Sergio Flores-Castro
38 Fighting Against Wildfires 78 Microgrids Against Wildfires
By Rodrigo Moreno, Dimitris N. Trakas,
in Power Systems
Magnus Jamieson, Mathaios Panteli, e
By Rosa Serrano, Martha Rosa Carvalho,
Pierluigi Mancarella, Goran Strbac,
Juan Carlos Araneda, Oscar Alamos,
Chris Marnay, and Nikos Hatziargyriou
Luiz Barroso, Daniela Bayma,
Rafael Ferreira, and Rodrigo Moreno
t
n
90 columns &
departments
o
4 Editors’ Voice
8 Leader’s Corner
12 Guest Editorial
90 History
99 Society News c
101 Calendar
104 In My View
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2021.3122748
january/february 2022 ieee power & energy magazine 1
magazine
Editor-in-Chief Editorial Board IEEE Periodicals/Magazines Department
Steve Widergren L. Anderson, L. Barroso, H. Chen, A. Conejo, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
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IEEE POWER & ENERGY SOCIETY (PES)
The IEEE Power & Energy Society is an organization of IEEE members whose principal interest is the advancement of the science and practice of electric power generation,
transmission, distribution, and utilization. All members of the IEEE are eligible for membership in the Society. Mission Statement: To be the leading provider of scientific and
engineering information on electric power and energy for the betterment of society, and the preferred professional development source for our members.
Governing Board Technical Council IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, A. Tessarolo
J. Bian, President H. Chen, Chair; D. Watkins, Vice Chair IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, F. DeLeon
S. Bahramirad, President-Elect J. McBride, Secretary; V. Vittal, Past-Chair IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, J. Milanovic
M. Armstrong, Vice President, Chapters IEEE Trans. on Smart Grid, C. Canizares
H. Chen, Vice President, Technical Activities Technical Committee Chairs IEEE Trans. on Sustainable Energy, B. Chowdhury
B. Enayati, Vice President, Education K. Cheung, Analytical Methods for Power Systems IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, F. Li
B. Pal, Vice President, Publications J. Lau, Electric Machinery IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, S. Widergren
W. Bishop, Vice President, Meetings R. Thornton-Jones, Energy Development & Power eNewsletter, S. Fattah
J. Romero Aguero, Vice President, Membership Generation Editor-in-Chief at Large, W. Xu
& Image B. Chalamala, Energy Storage & Stationary Battery Marketing, E. Batzelis
N. Hadjsaid, Vice President, New Initiatives/ Y. Wen, Insulated Conductors PES Representative to IEEE Press, K. Bhattacharya
Outreach J. White, Nuclear Power Engineering Website, R. Rana
J. Montero, Treasurer C. Preuss, Power System Communications
J. Sykes, Secretary & Cybersecurity Meetings
S. Rahman, Past-President L. Lima, Power System Dynamic Performance Committee Chairs
D. Diaz, Region Rep., U.S. & Canada E. Hanique, Power System Instrumentation General Meeting Steering, A. St. Leger
I. Kuzle, Region Rep., Europe, Middle East, & Measurements Joint Technical Committee Meeting Steering, D. Sabin
& Africa J. Wang, Power System Operation Planning Technically Cosponsored Conferences Steering,
S. Leon, Region Rep., Latin America & Economics A. Borghetti
D. Sharafi, Region Rep., Asia & Pacific M. Yalla, Power System Relaying & Control Transmission & Distribution Conference &
G. Gonzales, Member-at-Large J. Mathieu, Smart Building, Load & Exposition Committee for North America
R. Kappagantu, Member-at-Large Customer Systems Steering, C. Segneri
A. Sannino, Member-at-Large P. Fitzgerald, Substations Innovative Smart Grid Technologies North America,
J. Yu, Member-at-Large S. Hensley, Surge Protective Devices R. Melton
K. Flowers, Switchgear Innovative Smart Grid Technology Conference–
IEEE Division VII Director E. teNyenhuis, Transformers Europe, D. Van Hertem
C. Cañizares S. Santoso, Transmission & Distribution Innovative Smart Grid Technology Conference–
IEEE Division VII Director-Elect Asia, D. Sharafi
Open Technical Council Coordinating Committees PowerAfrica Steering Committee, H. Louie
H. Sun, Energy Internet Website, Open
PES Executive Director J. Follum, Intelligent Grid & Emerging
T. Licitra Technology Education
D. Alexander, Marine Systems Committee Chairs
Standing Committee Chairs A. Leon, Renewable Systems Integration Power & Energy Education, A. Srivastava
Open, Constitution & Bylaws PES Scholarship Plus, J. Hoffman, C. Root
M.T. Correia de Barros, Fellows Technical Council Standing Committees PES University, L. Hennebury
N. Hadjsaid, Finance V. Vittal, Awards Website, J. Rickson
A. Apostolov, History Open, Industry Education
J. Bian, Long-Range Planning J. McBride, Organization & Procedures New Initiatives and Outreach
S. Rahman, Nominations & Appointments T. Irwin, Standards Coordination Committee Chairs
D. Watkins, Technical Sessions Corporate Engagement Program, M. Vaiman
Region Representatives
Open, Webmaster Diversity, J. McClanahan
D. Diaz, M. Gosalia, B. Gwyn, J. Khan,
V. Vittal, Entity Proposal Management Committee Executive Advisory Council, K. Curtis
I. Kuzle, S. Leon, J. Milanovic, M. Papic,
IEEE Smart Cities, G. Zissis
D. Sharafi, C. Wong, X. Wu Publications IEEE Smart Grid, P. Wung
Chapter Committee Chairs Publications Board Chair, B. Pal IEEE Smart Village, J. Nelson
C. Diamond, Awards & Resources Editors-in-Chief Industry Tech Support Leadership, D. Novosel
Z. Wang, Chapters Website IEEE Electrification Magazine, L. Fan Media Engagement, D. Kushner
N. Nair, Distinguished Lecturer Program IEEE Power Engineering Letters, R. Jabr Website, K. Anastasopoulos
Z. Wang, Electronic Communications
T. Ribeiro de Alencar, Student Chapters Coordinator
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine
Membership & Image Committee Chairs IEEE Power & Energy Magazine (ISSN 1540-7977) (IPEMCF) is published bimonthly by the Institute of Electrical and
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2 ieee power & energy magazine january/february 2022
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Antonio Conejo and Steve Widergren
v

’
s
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o
feeling the heat
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a combustible situation for power systems
T
THE THEME FOR THIS ISSUE this pressing context, Organiza tions ✔ c ontrolling the vege-
elicits endless puns and wordplay as wit- this IEEE Power & En- tation close to power
are facing
nessed in the title. But the topic is deadly ergy Magazine issue lines, particularly
serious. The increasing frequency and provides an overview during fire seasons,
not only the
intensity of wildfires and their interplay of wildfires across the and continually
with power delivery infrastructure are world and then analyzes threat of coordinating with
transforming power system operations the impact of wildfires fire prevention and
wildfires but
and planning globally. on the operation of forest management
Confronting the impacts of climate power systems from dif- authorities.
also battling
change remains a defining issue for ferent viewpoints. The The operation of
our industry, our profession, and hu- issue describes several their wrath. power systems might be
manity in general. Because of this, remedial actions to mit- severely impacted by
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine arti- igate wildfire impact, approaching wildfires.
cles now regularly discuss the growing both at the operation and the long-term Operation actions to mitigate fire damage
integration of renewable generation planning stages. or disruption include:
resources, the flexibility of opera- Wildfires relate to power systems ✔ increasing situational awareness
tion emerging with customer-owned in two key respects. On the one hand, through metering systems to pro-
systems and grid-edge devices, and the these systems can be the originators vide real-time information on the
climate-change policy effects on elec- of the fires. On the other hand, fires state of the power system to the
tric power systems. alien to electric energy systems may millisecond, such as those based
The articles are often anticipa- either dramatically impact their op- on synchrophasor technologies
tory, suggesting the changes needed eration or disrupt it. ✔ de-rating the loading of potential-
to tackle an emerging situation. With Power systems may literally be a ly affected circuits so the eventu-
this issue, we address the reality of flashpoint for wildfires as a result of al tripping of any of these circuits
disasters at our doorstep. Operating the electric arcs associated with short does not have a major impact on
organizations are facing not only the circuit faults. This issue reviews sev- the operation of the system
threat of wildfires but also battling eral remedial actions to either prevent ✔ if viable, reconfiguring the network
their wrath. The contents cover re- or reduce the impact of these faults or to reduce the relevance of potentially
cent experiences, describe the nature arcs, including impacted circuits on the operation
of the challenges, and illustrate prac- ✔ implementing fault protection of the power system as a whole.
tical solutions employed to deal systems to drastically reduce Long-term investment actions to
with the situation as safely and timely short circuit currents so that elec- harden the power system concerning
as possible. trical arcs cannot form wildfires include:
✔ using covered conductors in ar- ✔ avoiding corridors with mul-
In This Issue eas prone to short circuit faults tiple circuits so that a corridor
Wildfires increasingly ravage the op- so these faults do not materialize affected by fire does not result in
eration of electric energy systems. In ✔ implementing fast detection multiple-circuit tripping
mechanisms to quickly de-ener- ✔ increasing the local resilience of
gize fallen conductors, which are distribution systems by relying
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2021.3122751
Date of current version: 19 January 2022 a potential source of electric arcs on interconnected microgrids,
4 ieee power & energy magazine january/february 2022

local generation, and storage. In- a story intertwined with the rise of the to those of Tesla’s motor. Two other
terestingly, this is the way power ac system. The invention of the induc- Europeans—Mikhail Dolivo-Dobro-
systems were born at the begin- tion motor is controversial. Those volsky and Charles Eugene Lancelot
ning of the last century. in the United States widely recognize Brown—have claims to similar con-
Nikola Tesla as the inventor. But Gali- cepts. No matter the source of the
The Power of Induction leo Ferraris, an Italian, also described brilliant ideas, without the induction
The “History” column explores the de- the production of a rotating magnetic motor, ac systems would not have
velopment of the induction motor. It is field with characteristics very similar flourished to power the world.
Society Highlights
The IEEE Power & Energy Soci-
ety (PES) election results were an-
nounced in October with nearly 20%
of the eligible voters participating.
Congratulations go to President-Elect
Shay Bahramirad; Secretary Jonathan
Next time
Sykes, who returns for another term;
and Treasurer Juan Carlos Montero.
you’re in a
We look to them for keeping the PES
tough spot, organization vibrant in the service of
our members. Thanks also to the strong
think of us
slate of candidates who threw their hats
into the ring and to those exercising
their vote for the future of the Society.
PES President Jessica Bian quickly
assumed the duties of president to fill
the void left by the passing of Frank
Lambert. In the “Leader’s Corner”
column, she emphasizes several initia-
tives being undertaken by PES during
her term. These activities recognize
Aerial Cable Systems by Hendrix:
the growth in intelligence in distribu-
tion and customer systems as reflected
Navigating tough environments
in the new Grid Edge Technologies
Conference and Exposition. They also
include programs to better engage
Power providers around the world rely on Hendrix, the Aerial Cable System
originator, to help overcome these obstacles. with members, including a PES Life
Members Affinity Group and new
• Heavily Treed areas
ventures taking advantage of social
• Wildfire Mitigation
media technology.
• Limited Right-of Way
• Long Spans Succession Planning
• Substation Exits The editor-in-chief oversees many details
Contact us today for that go into developing this magazine,
• Underbuilds
a customized quote.
but mostly the job is about leadership.
• Overbuilds
The product comes from an amalga-
We can design, supply, install, mation of ingredients from many con-
and maintain your Hendrix tributors. The editorial team follows a
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with distinct roles moving through a
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6 ieee power & energy magazine january/february 2022
share a sense of purpose and commit- them and the contributing authors for page in life as she enters retirement just
ment to a desired outcome. the diverse set of articles covering before this issue is delivered. In her ten-
Strategically important to a leader- the impacts, causes, and responses to ure, she skillfully served every editor-
ship role is succession planning. This wildfires by utilities worldwide. Rec- in-chief of this magazine. As I came on
issue marks the beginning of the sec- ognition also goes to Associate Editor board, Mike Henderson and Mel Olken
ond year in this editor-in-chief’s reign. Antonio Conejo and Assistant Editor schooled me to “trust Geri and listen to
As an editorial organization, the future Susan O’Bryan for their editorial pol- her guidance.” Their trust has been well-
success of this magazine depends on ish and to Associate Editor John Pas- founded, and her competence and contri-
solid leadership. A regular process for erba for his consistently fine work in butions will be missed. Reflecting her pro-
renewal and the search for new leaders bringing us the “History” column. fessionalism, her announcement included
and editorial contributors starts now. Lastly, IEEE Publishing deserves a a succession plan. Kristin LaFleur joins
round of applause for the work they do her as Journals Production Manager for
Roll the Credits to create the professional look and feel this issue. We thank Geri for her service
The ingredients for this issue have of the magazine. Senior Managing Edi- and wish her great happiness in retirement.
been assembled by guest editors and tor Geri Krolin-Taylor merits recogni- We welcome IEEE Power & Energy’s
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine edi- tion as the person who spearheads this new journals production manager and the
torial board members Nikos Hatziar- effort at IEEE Publishing. Krolin-Taylor continuity of skills she provides.
gyriou and Damir Novosel. We thank announced she will be turning a new p&e
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january/february 2022 ieeepower & energy magazine 7
20mpe01-editorial-3122751.indd 7 12/23/21 6:00 PM
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the future
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new technologies and directions
W
WITH THE TRANSFORMATION OF
twhoer lgdrwidi daen, dt hthe eI EuEseE o Pf oewleecrt r&ic Eenneerrggyy Initiatives andOutreach
Society’s (PES’s) importance and value Conferences
and Meetings
to the industry are growing rapidly. As
the world’s leading global forum for
sharing the latest developments about
s
technology in the electric power and en- e
viti P
earrge yt hined fuosrtermy foosrt mexopreer tth iann t5h0e ydeeavresl,o wpe- al Acti aMnedm Cbhearpstheirps ublica
ment of standards guiding the improve- nic tion
ment, engineering, construction, and ch s
e
integration of equipment and systems. T
Through a vast array of resources,
we focus on crucial topics affecting the
environment and society as a whole. Education
Our commitment to the continued edu-
cation of our 40,000-plus members and Initiativesand Outrea c h
the public is second to none. We provide
our members, their organizations, and
The PES logo chart.
their constituents with unique, high-
value and robust educational platforms
through seven operating units, as shown ference and Exposition to share the latest ogy providers, policy makers, and key
in our logo chart. Technical activities, developments in grid-edge technology. stakeholders from around the world to
meetings and conferences, publica- The future electric grid will not only inte- advance a clean energy future while pre-
tions, and education are core activities grate high penetration of renewables but serving the grid’s reliability and af-
supporting the membership and chapter also accommodate millions of diverse fordability and enhancing resilience
activities. The outer layer of initiatives intelligent devices connected at the grid and flexibility. The first Grid Edge
and outreach pursues emerging tech- edge, ranging from distributed energy Technologies Conference and Exposi-
nologies and collaborative opportunities resources to networks of electric vehicle tion will take place in spring 2023 in
within PES, other professional societies, chargers to smartphone technologies. The San Diego, California.
industry-related entities, and the public. current grid will need to adapt signifi-
cantly by deploying data analytics, artifi- New PES Life Members
New Grid Edge cial intelligence, new energy manage- Affinity Group
Technologies Conference ment systems, and other digital tools in the PES plans to form its first Life Mem-
and Exposition next two decades. bers Committee in 2022. PES has
As one of the initiatives, PES plans to The rise of the grid edge is one of more than 3,700 IEEE Life Members.
launch a Grid Edge Technologies Con- the most exciting emerging technology Life membership is automatically
transitions in the power and energy in- bestowed upon an active IEEE Mem-
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2021.3122752
Date of current version: 19 January 2022 dustry. It will connect utilities, technol- ber who:
8 ieee power & energy magazine january/february 2022