i am adele bloch-bauer, i am hester prynne

142 Pages·2016·0.52 MB·English

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All Theses & Dissertations Student Scholarship
2016
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Laurie Lico Albanese MFA
University of Southern Maine
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Lico Albanese, Laurie MFA, "I AM ADELE BLOCH-BAUER, I AM HESTER PRYNNE" (2016). All Theses &
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https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/etd/279
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I AM ADELE BLOCH-BAUER, I AM HESTER PRYNNE

____________

A THESIS
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF MASTER OF FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MAINE
STONECOAST MFA IN CREATIVE WRITING

___________

BY

Laurie Lico Albanese

June 2016

Abstract

I AM ADELE BLOCH-BAUER, I AM HESTER PRYNNE is a compilation of fiction
and nonfiction written at Stonecoast. This cross-genre thesis includes two
excerpts from historical novels with female protagonists, and an essay on
women’s historical fiction.
For the study and creation of female-centered historical fiction I
researched and wrote in a wide range of areas, both intellectual and temporal.
First, I read and traced the emergence of female-focused American historical
fiction that began with Nathaniel Hawthrne’s The Scarlet Letter, and continues
today with historical fiction based in fact such as Lily King’s Euphoria and Paula
McClain’s The Paris Wife and Circling the Sun. Second, I examined the origin of
American feminist thought and literature from Margaret Fuller’s Women of the
Nineteenth Century to Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own, and beyond.
Third, I researched fin-de-siècle Jewish Vienna at the dawn of the twentieth
century to write and re-envisioned the life of the modern art patron Adele Bloch-
Bauer (1881-1925) for the novel Stolen Beauty. Finally, I researched 19th century
Concord, Massachusetts and the roots of Transcendentalism, as well as the
1848 Italian revolution, to draft a new novel in which I re-envision the relationship
between Margaret Fuller and Nathaniel Hawthorne as it drives the creation of
The Scarlet Letter in the years 1840-1850. This new novel is titled I Am Hester
Prynne, and a small selection is included herein.

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Acknowledgements

Many talented and generous teachers, staff and friends at Stonecoast
contributed to the creation of Adele Bloch-Bauer’s voice in Stolen Beauty and to
all of my work in this thesis. To Susan Conley, my generous, brilliant and
outstanding thesis and third semester mentor, thank you for your guidance,
enthusiasm, and for holding the torch at the finish line. Aaron Hamburger put
Collette in my hands and helped me find Adele’s voice – for this amazing gift, I
owe you a great debt. Jaed Coffin said, roughly, ‘why write that, when you can
write this?’ and clarified so much for me. Robin Talbot, Matthew Jones, Justin
Tussing, Suzanne Strempek Shea, Debra Marquart, Elizabeth Searle, David
Anthony Durham, Ted and Annie Deppe on the faculty, and my friends Sally
Donaldson, Vicki Hamlin, Julia Munemo, Shannon Ratliff, Clif Travers, Anya Mali,
Ellie O’Leary, Maggie Almdale, Bill Stauffer, Lauren Liebowitz and the rest of the
Howth gang, thank you for encouragement, camaraderie, and lots of kayaking,
swimming, lobster, whiskey and Guinness. Friends, students and fellow teachers
at The Writers Circle, I learn so much from all of you. Heather Schroder, thank
you for recognizing what Adele’s story could be and for making it happen. Laura
Morowitz, your friendship and scholarship mean the world to me. Finally, thank
you always to my beloved husband Frank, amazing daughter Melissa, and
extraordinary son John -- big-hearted and excellent readers, critics, travel
companions, teachers, athletes and cooks. Our home and your love are at the
center of my life and everything I do. I am so proud of you, and so grateful.
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Table of Contents

Preface 1
Stolen Beauty 11
Voices from the Margins in Women’s Historical Fiction 110

I am Hester Prynne 119

Bibliography 132

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Preface

I was ten years old when I learned that my Hungarian-born great-grandmother
had been raised Jewish and not Roman Catholic as my sisters and I, and our
parents, and all of my cousins and aunts and uncles had been raised.
“I don’t go to church,” she said in her charming accent. “I go to
synagogue.”
It was Easter Sunday, circa 1969. I was standing in her old house in
Seaford, Long Island, looking through a peephole into a delicate candy Easter
egg the size and shape of a football. Inside the decorated egg, which my great-
grandmother held for me, little white bunnies and their well-dressed offspring
frolicked among pastel-colored flowers and houses made of spun sugar.
“But you celebrate Easter,” I said.
“No. I celebrate Passover,” she said quietly.
That was all. My young age, and the circumstances of the holiday, kept
my many questions from rising to the surface My father later said he’d been told
the same thing when he was a child, but no one seemed eager to talk about my
great-grandmother’s early life. As time went by, everything about that day came
to seem magical but also imaginary -- a fragile confectionary of a pastel memory.
Eventually, I learned this much: Regina Solitar, daughter of the Hapsburg
Empire, had been born and raised Jewish in Budapest. She was a teenager
when she followed her older brothers to America, where she fell in love with an
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Italian barber named Gennaro Falcone. Her family disowned her when she
married him. Her Judaism, along with the rest of her past, had been vanquished
and replaced by a life of raising Italian-American children, making a living as a
seamstress and finally, quilting for her family.
Although we never spoke of it again, I felt a great kinship with my great-
grandmother and her Judaism. Long after she passed away I held onto the
secret desire that I might one day write a story about a Jewish woman who
immigrates to America and raises her family here.
Maria Altmann, Gustav Klimt and Adele Bloch-Bauer gave me that
opportunity when Dr. Laura Morowitz, a brilliant art historian who is also my dear
friend and co-author of The Miracles of Prato, suggested a novel about Gustav
Klimt. That was in 2010. A few months later my brother-in-law, John Albanese,
gave me a stack of Art & Antiques magazine, where I found Salomon Grimberg’s
article about Klimt and Adele’s alleged love affair. Slowly, I recognized my
chance to write a novel about two Jewish heroines who had grown up, like my
great-grandmother, separated from their faith and yet bound to it in ways both
beautiful and terrifying. From this, my novel Stolen Beauty was born. But it wasn’t
simple, and it wasn’t easy.

To write a fictional story about real people is no small challenge. Klimt, Adele and
Maria proved worthy of the burden my fictional scrutiny put upon them, and I will
address, later, what it takes to create a vibrant, believable female protagonist
based upon the life of a real woman. Stolen Beauty required years of reading and
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research into the art, architecture, lifestyle and politics in fin-de-siecle Vienna.
Many books, court records, news accounts and films informed the story,
including extensive records that Maria Altmann’s lawyer, E. Randolph
Schoenberg, made available on line for a time, as well as Portrait of Adele Bloch-
Bauer by Sophie Lillie and Georg Gaughusch, The Lady in Gold by Anne-Marie
O’Connor, Fin-de-Siecle Vienna by Carl E. Schorske, The World of Yesterday by
Stefan Zweig, and A Nervous Splendor by Frederic Morton. I also highly
recommend the documentary films The Rape of Europa and Maria’s Story.
During these years of research I travelled to Vienna and also to Budapest.
In Vienna I walked the streets and rode the tram from the Margareten District
where Maria lived, to Schwindgasse where Adele and Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer
lived. I waited in line to climb the narrow staircase into Freud’s original home
office, where I studied his collection of ancient artifacts and considered their
influence on art and the psyche in the early years of the Secession, the birth of
modern psychology and the unleashing of long-repressed impulses borne of that
world.
All of this helped me construct the timelines of Adele and Maria’s lives and
to realistically depict and imagine the milieus and settings of the novel – from fin
de siècle Vienna and Jewish life in the Hapsburg Empire, through the roots of
anti-Semitism that culminated in the atrocities of World War Two and the mass
emigration of Jews to America.
In the spirit of storytelling, I strove to create a canvas large enough to
convey the timelessness of art and the passionate desire for life and liberty that
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united Adele and Maria. Just as I held my great-grandmother’s Easter egg up to
my eye and imagined another world there, I tried to do the same with this story --
evoke the legacy of family, art and memory, while telling an exciting and true tale
of creation, destruction and survival.

I AM ADELE BLOCH-BAUER, I AM HESTER PRYNNE is comprised of three
sections: a lengthy excerpt from Stolen Beauty, which is slated to be published in
March 2017 by Atria Books; the essay, “Voices from the Margins in Women’s
Historical Fiction,” which examines the feminist implications and impetus for the
creation of novels based on the lives of real women in history; and a short
excerpt from my new novel-in-progress I am Hester Prynne.
All three pieces are concerned with the creation of the historically-based
female protagonist who overcomes gender and societal obstacles to self-
determination and emancipation, defies the odds, and arrives at a new
understanding of her purpose and place in the world.
It was my great pleasure to devote my time at Stonecoast to the creation
and study of American female-centered historical fiction. Having published one
work of historical fiction before beginning the program, I chose to examine the
intent and value of this “genre” for today’s reader, so that I might better
understand the body of work I’m creating and ensure that what I write is
grounded in intention and purpose that serves the evolution of women’s struggles
for self-expression, freedom and liberty in literature and in life.
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