Handbook of Occupational Dermatology PDF
Preview Handbook of Occupational Dermatology
Part 1 Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prognosis L. Kanerva • P. Eisner • J. E. Wahlberg • H. I. Maibach (Eds.) Handbook of Occupational Dermatology Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH J. L. Kanerva . P. Eisner . E. Wahlberg . H.1. Maibach Editors Handbook of Occupational Dermatology With 194 Figures, 70 in colour and 350 rabIes , Springer Prof. Lasse Kanerva, M.D., Ph.D. Univ.-Prof. Dr.med. P. Eisner Section of Dermatology Klinikum der FSU Jena Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Klinik für Hautkrankheiten Topeliuksenkatu 41 aA Erfurter Straße 35 00250 Helsinki, Finland 07740 Jena, Germany Prof. Jan E. Wahlberg, M.D., Ph.D. Prof. Howard I. Maibach, M.D. Department of Occupational Dermatology University of California Karolinska Hospital School of Medicine and the National Institute for Working Life Box 0989, Surge 100 11776 Stockholm, Sweden San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA This book has been supported by the Scientific Committee of the International Commission of Occupational Health (ICOH) and the Working Group on Occupational Dermatoses, European Society of Contact Dermatitis (ESCD). ISBN 978-3-662-07679-8 ISBN 978-3-662-07677-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-07677-4 Library of Congress Catatoging in-Publication Data Handbook of occupational dermatology / [edited by] 1. Kanerva ... [et al.]. p.; cm. Includes biblio graphical references and index. 1. Occupational dermati tis-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Skin-Diseases-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Dermatotoxicology Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Kanerva, 1. (Lasse), 1943- . [DNLM: 1. Dermatitis, Occupational-eti ology-Handbooks. 2. Skin-Diseases-chemically induced-Handbooks. WR 39 H236 20000] RL241 .H362000 616.5'I-dc21 99-053897 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the materi al is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2000. Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 2000 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication doe~ not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the rele vant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such infor mation by consulting other relevant literature. Production: Pro Edit GmbH, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany Cover Design: Frido Steinen-Broo, EStudio, Calamar, Spain Typesetting: Scientific Publishing Services (P) Ud, Madras, India Printed on acid free paper SPIN 105 59190 22/3134 So 5432 1 0 Preface The field of occupational dermatology has been weH mented by late twentieth and early twenty-first cen served by textbooks. The twentieth century giants in tury clinical bioassays. this field have produced books that are universally Although the field is served by general dermatol accepted. These include Schwartz, Tullipan, and ogists, occupational physicians, and occupational Birmingham, as weH as Fousseau and Adams. dermatologists, other health workers are also fre What then is the need in terms of the next gener quendy involved. For this reason, we have deliberate ation of textbooks in this rapidly evolving and com ly included a number of redundancies in an attempt plex clinical research area? The varied complexity to make it easier for the reader. Whenever possible, and inordinate detail of information makes it diffi we have emphasized evidence-based dermatology, cult for any one individual to cover this huge and the authors were chosen on the basis of both expanse of knowledge. The present volume stresses their scientific approach and clinical good sense. individual exceHence and scholarship covering the HopefuHy, a second edition will benefit by various areas. It is not meant to be a static book. If increased controHed experimentation currently the readership finds it as interesting as the editors under way, so that there will be even more hard data and authors have, this should evolve over genera included. The editors welcome YOUf comments for tions.The information in the various chapters the proposed second edition. includes nineteenth century approach es, such as morphology and histology, but is amply supple- The Editors Contents Part 1: Epidemiology. Treatment, Oeeupational Marks ......................... 137 and Prognosis 1. Kanerva The Epidemiology Oeeupational Dermatitis Artefacta ............. 141 of Oecupational Contaet Dermatitis 3 G.Angelini T.1. Diepgen and P.J. Coenraads Physieal Causes - Heat, Cold and Other The Role of Clinieal Epidemiology in the Atmospherie Faetors ......................... 148 Study of Oeeupational Contaet Dermatitis . . . . . .. 17 W. Uter and 1. Kanerva A. Sehnueh and W. Uter Meehanieal Causes Classifieation of Oeeupations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27 of Oecupational Skin Disease .................. 157 W. Uter 1. Kanerva Dermatotoxieology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32 Raynaud's Phenomenon ("White Fingers") P. Hewitt and H. I. Maibach in Workers Using Hand-Held Vibrating Tools G. Gemne .................................. 162 Systemie Toxieity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43 P. Hewitt and H. I. Maibach Physieal and Cholinergic Urtiearia ............. 167 M.Henz The Strueture of the Human Skin Barrier ....... 56 B. Forslind Biologie Causes of Oeeupational Dermatoses ..... 179 J.M. Laehapelle Evaluation of Barrier Funetions and Skin Reaetivity in Oecupational Dermatoses ......... 64 Oeeupational Airborne Skin Diseases ........... 193 S. Seidenari J.M. Laehapelle Hydration Injury to Human Skin: Oeeupational Contaet Urtiearia ................ 200 A View from the Horny Layer ................. 76 S.l. Ale and H. I. Maibach A.M. Kligman Oeeupational Contaet Urtiearia in Numbers ..... 217 Measurement of Dermal Exposure ............. 81 1. Kanerva, R. Jolanki, and T. Estlander S. Sadhra and I.S. Foulds Non-Immunologie Contact Urtiearia ........... 221 Occupational Dry Skin ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 A. Lahti M.Gon~alo Oeeupational and Environmental Aene .......... 225 Contact Dermatitis Due to Irritation ........... 99 K. MeDonnell and J.S. Taylor W. Wigger-Alberti and P. Eisner Oceupational Aquatie Dermatology ............ 234 Repeated Low-Grade Frietional Trauma ......... 111 G.Angelini S. Freeman Oeeupational Skin Cancer and Tumors .......... 248 Skin Hardening C.P. Callahan, H.F. Merk, in Oecupational Dermatology ................. 115 and B. Blämeke B. Wulfhorst Oeeupational Diseases of the Oral Mueosa ....... 254 Fiberglass Dermatitis ........................ 122 1. Kanerva A. Sertoli, S. Franealanei, and S. Giorgini Oeeupational Nail Disorders .................. 259 Oeeupational Skin Granulomas ................ 135 R. Baran P. D. Pigatto and A.S. Bigardi VIII Contents Chemically Induced Hair Loss ................. 267 Identification and Assessment in Relation S. Heshmati and H.1. Maibach to the Material Safety Data Sheets .............. 395 D. A. Basketter and L. Kanerva The Psoriasis Patient and Work ................ 273 Y.-H. Leow and C. L. Goh Treatment of Irritant and Allergic Contact Dermatitis ............... 402 Non-eczematous Occupational Contact H. Zhai, A. Anigbogu, and H.1. Maibach Reactions .................................. 275 C.L. Goh Prevention and Rehabilitation ................. 412 J.E. Wahlberg Occupational Pigmentary Disorders ............ 280 P. Wattanakrai, L. Miyamoto, Protective Gloves ............................ 417 and J.S. Taylor G.A. Mellström and A. Boman Occupational Connective Tissue Disorders ...... 295 Disadvantages of Gloves ...................... 426 u.F. Haustein and B. Haupt T. Estlander, J. Jolanki, and L. Kanerva Occupational Phototoxicity and Photoallergy .... 314 Plant Survey and Inspection .................. 437 V. DeLeo R.J.G. Rycroft Chemical Skin Bums ......................... 325 Workers' Education .......................... 441 M. Bruze, S. Fregert, and B. Gruvberger H.J. Schwanitz and B. Wulfhorst Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Occupation .... 333 Prognosis E.M. de Boer and R.M.A. Krijnen of Occupational Contact Dermatitis ............ 444 c.L. Goh Human Immunodeficiency Virus J/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Part 2: Substandes and Products in the Workplace ............................ 338 S.-L. Valle and A. Ranki Computerized Product Database. Registered Chemical Contact Allergens ......... 451 Operational Definition of Occupational Allergic M.-A. Flyvholm Contact Dermatitis .......................... 344 S. Ale and H.1. Maibach Antimicrobials and Disinfectants .............. 462 C. Timmer Occupational and Non-occupational Compound Allergy .......................... 351 Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde S.J. Bashir, L. Kanerva, R. Jolanki, Releasers .................................. 474 and H.1. Maibach M.-A. Flyvholm The Role of Atopy in Working Life ............. 356 Pharmaceutical Drug Allergens ................ 479 K. Kalimo and K. Lammintausta A.J. Bircher Job Fitness Evaluation ........................ 360 Barrier Creams and Emollients ................ 490 M. Crippa and G. Pasolini W. Wigger-Alberti and P. Elsner Risk Management of Occupational Hazards Fragrances ................................. 497 at the Workplace ............................ 367 A.C. de Groot U.Funke Colophony ................................. 509 Diagnostic Patch Testing ..................... 371 A. T. Karlberg J.E. Wahlberg Industrial Enzymes .......................... 517 Patch Testing With a Patient's Own L. Kanerva and M. Vanhanen Materials Handled at Work .................... 375 Nickel ..................................... 524 R. Jolanki, T. Estlander, C.Liden K. Alanko, and L. Kanerva Chromium ................................. 534 Physicochemical Methods for Detection D.Burrows of Occupational Contact Allergens ............. 384 B. Gruvberger, M. Bruze, and S. Fregert Hard Metals ................................ 541 T. Fischer Sources of Information on the Occurrence of Chemical Contact Allergens ................. 392 Gold ...................................... 544 M.-A. Flyvholm M. Isaksson and M. Bruze Contents IX Other Metals ............................... 551 Woods .................................... 771 J.E. Wahlberg B.M. Hausen Cement .................................... 556 Pesticide-Related Dermatoses C.Avnstorp in Agricultural Workers ...................... 781 W. Manuskiatti, K. Abrams, Acrylic Resins .............................. 562 D.J. Hogan, and H.1. Maibach B. Björkner Epoxy Resins ............................... 570 Part 3: Job Describtions with Their Irritants R. Jolanki, 1. Kanerva, and Allergens and T. Estlander Aircraft Industry ............................ 805 Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins .................. 591 M. Isaksson and M. Bruze E. Zimerson and M. Bruze Air Hammer Operators ....................... 808 Polyurethane Resins ......................... 597 D.J. Gawkrodger T. Estlander, 1. Kanerva, and R. Jolanki Aromatherapists ............................ 811 Polyester Resins ............................. 602 K.Alanko 1. Kanerva, K. Tarvainen, Asphalt Workers (Paving) ..................... 814 T. Estlander, and R. Jolanki R. Riala and P. Heikkilä Other Plastics .............................. 607 Automobile Mechanics ....................... 816 B. Björkner U.Funke Plastic Composites .......................... 611 Bakers ..................................... 817 K. Tarvainen and 1. Kanerva N.K.Veien Textiles .................................... 622 Barbers and Hairdressers ..................... 821 K.1. Hatch and H.1. Maibach A. Alomar and 1. Conde-Salazar Leather and Shoes ........................... 637 Bartenders ................................. 824 J. Geier 1. Kanerva Adhesives and Glues ......................... 644 Bath Attendants ............................. 826 M. Gebhardt and P. Eisner A. Barbaud The Electronics Industry ..................... 650 Batik Manufacturing Workers .................. 830 S.C. Tucker and J.S.C. English R.W. Soebaryo Paints, Lacquers and Varnishes ................ 662 Battery Makers ............................. 838 T. Estlander, R. Jolanki, M.H.Beck and 1. Kanerva Beekeepers ................................. 840 Organic Solvents ............................ 679 T. Karamfilov and P. Eisner A. Boman and J.E. Wahlberg Biotechnical Industry Workers ................. 842 Plasticizers and Other Additives T. Tuomi in Synthetic Polymers ........................ 688 B. Björkner Boat Builders ............................... 845 K. Tarvainen and 1. Kanerva Cutting Fluids .............................. 691 I.S. Foulds Brake-Lining Workers ........................ 847 M.H.Beck Rubber .................................... 701 D.V. Belsito Butchers and Slaughterhouse Workers .......... 850 N.K. Veien Natural Rubber Latex Allergy .................. 719 K. Turjanmaa, H. Alenius, S. Mäkinen-Kjunen, Cabinet Makers ............................. 854 T. Reunala, and T. Palosuo D. Cohen and J. Krant Plants ..................................... 730 Candle Makers .............................. 861 J.D. Guin S.M.John Spices ..................................... 767 Confectionery and Candy Makers .............. 863 A. Niinimäki C.C. Lyon X Contents Carpenters ................................. 868 Forestry Workers ............................ 938 T. Leino R.J. Schmidt Car Industry ............................... 871 Foundry Workers ............................ 945 U. Funke R. Hayakawa and M. Sugiura Cement Workers ............................ 875 Fur Farming and the Fur Industry ............. 947 C.Avnstorp J. Uitti Ceramic and Pottery Workers ................. 878 Furniture Manufacture ....................... 950 J.S.C. English and J. Hobson E.E Sherertz Cheese Makers .............................. 880 Gardeners .................................. 952 EO. Nestle and P. EIsner C.R.Lovell Chemists .................................. 882 Glass Workers .............................. 956 R. Jolanki and 1. Kanerva S.M. Wilkinson Child Daycare Workers ....................... 886 Grinders and Brazers of Hard Metal E.E Sherertz and Stellite ................................. 958 P. Susitaival and M. Linnainmaa Cigarette and Cigar Makers and Tobacco Workers ........................ 887 Hairdressers ................................ 960 C.J. Le Coz H.B van der Walle Health Care Workers ......................... 969 Construction Workers ........................ 890 D. V. Belsito C.Avnstorp Highway Construction Workers ................ 974 Cosmetologists ............................. 893 H. Rast P.G. Engasser, J.S. Taylor, and H.1. Maibach Histology Technicians ........................ 976 A.E Fransway Dental Personnel ............................ 899 T. Rustemeyer and P.J. Frosch House Workers ............................. 978 T. Fischer Detergent Workers .......................... 906 M. Vanhanen and 1. Kanerva Insulation Workers .......................... 980 R. Riala Divers ..................................... 910 B. Wood and C.S. Mumo Jewellers ................................... 982 J. Vilaplana Electron Microscopy Workers ................. 912 A.E Fransway Laboratory Technicians ...................... 989 R. Jolanki and 1. Kanerva Electronic Workers .......................... 914 D.Koh Leather Industry ............................ 995 J. Geier Electroplaters ............................... 917 M. Kiilunen and 1. Kanerva Locksmiths ................................. 997 1. Kanerva Embalmers (Induding Funeral Service Workers) ............ 920 Machinists ................................. 998 D.1. Holness U. Berndt and P. Eisner Engravers .................................. 922 Masseurs ................................. 1001 1. Kanerva M.Isaksson Farmers and Farm Workers ................... 924 Mechanics ................................ 1003 P. Susitaival U.Funke Floor Layers ................................ 932 Metal Industry ............................. 1004 1. Conde-Salazar and A. Alomar D. Iliev and P. Eisner Florists .................................... 935 Metal Polishers ............................ 1005 C.R. Lovell 1. Kanerva
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