Handbook of Community Psychology

1000 Pages·2000·23.869 MB·English

by  Robert D. Felner, Tweety Yates Felner, Morton M. Silverman (auth.), Julian Rappaport, Edward Seidman (eds.)

Handbook of
Community Psychology
Handbook of
Community Psychology
Edited by
Julian Rappaport
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Urbana, Illinois
and
Edward Seidman
New York University
New York, New York
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Librnry of Conl:~ss C>ltaIOl:in.:-in-PubliclitioD Data
Handbook of eommunity ps)'ebology/ediLed by Juliao Rappapon & Edward Scidmao.
p. etil.
Includes bibliographical rcîcrcnces and index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-6881-6 ISBN 978-1-4615-4193-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-4193-6
1. Comnlun.it)· p~ycholl>gy_Handbo<.>ks. manual~. elCo 1. Rappaport, Juli",L. II.
Seidm~n. Edward.
RA 790.55 .H36 1999
362.2-dc21
ISBN 978-1-4613-6881-6
~2000 Springer Scicnce+llusincss Media New York
Originally publishcd by Kluwcr Ac:adcmic/Plenum Publishcrs, N\.."W York in 2000
Softcovcr reprint of the /1.8nkover 1S I cdilion 2CXX)
http.flwww.wkap.nlJ
1098765432
A C.I.P. record for this hook ii a~ailable from the Librar)" of Congn:~~
Ali ~ghl~ reS~r\'ed
Nn p."t;t of tbis 00010. ma)" be repruduced. st.".cd in a rctrie"al system. nr transmiUed in ",,). fonD vr by >li,)'
m~.1ns, electronic, mechanical. pbol<lCOPyinll. mLcrofill"J'_mg, le~ording. OI olhawi;o,. ",ilh"u! writlen pennis~ioll
(rom thc Pllblî,h",
For our children and our grandchildren
May you always live in a loving community
where justice matters,
where fairness and authenticity abounds
and where the streets are filled
with the joys of life, of learning, and of laughing.
Contributors
LARuE ALLEN, Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New
York 10003
B. EILEEN ALTMAN, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
BRUCE AMBUEL, Waukesha Family Practice Center, #201, 210 N. W. Barstow, Waukesha,
Wisconsin 53045
KENNETH B. BACHRACH, Tarzana Treatment Center, Tarzana, California 91356
CHARLES BARONE, 3003 Van Ness Street N. W., #W1129, Washington, D.C. 20008
MANUEL BARRERA JR., Psychology Department, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
85287
G. ANN BOGAT, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michi
gan 48824
BILL BERKOWITZ, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell,
Massachusetts 01854
SANFORD BRAVER, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
85287
JULIA GREEN BRODY, Silent Spring Institute, 29 Crafts Street, Newton, Massachusetts 02458
GEOFFREY CARR, Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British
Columbia V5A 156, Canada
DAVID M. CHAVIS, Association for the Study and Development of Community, Gaithersburg,
Maryland 20877
CARY CHERNISS, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers Univer
sity, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
EMORY L. COWEN, Center for Community Study, University of Rochester, Rochester, New
York 14620
ANTHONY R. D'AuGELLI, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
WILLIAM S. DAVIDSON II, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lan
sing, Michigan 48824-1117
vii
viii Contributors
GENE DEEGAN, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Department of
Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
CHRISTINA DOUGLAS, Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro, North Carolina 27438
STEPHEN B. FAWCETT, Department of Human Development and Family Life, University of
Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
ROBERT D. FELNER, School of Education and the National Center on Public Education and
Social Policy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
TWEETY YATES FELNER, Department of Special Education, University of Illinois, Champaign,
Illinois 61820
PAUL FLORIN, Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
02881
CARRIE S. FRIED, Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
22903
LEAH GENSHEIMER, Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas
City, Missouri 64110
JOSE ANTONIO GARCIA GONZALEZ, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas lOW-A,
Venezuela
MICHELLE GOYETTE-EWING, Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
06511
KATHERINE GRADY, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Connecticut 06511
KENNETH HELLER, Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
47405
ROBERT HUGHES JR., College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Missouri,
Columbia, Missouri 65211
LEONARD A. JASON, Department of Psychology, De Paul University, Chicago, Illinois 60614
RICHARD A. JENKINS, National Center for mv, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
JAMES G. KELLY, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Califor
nia 95616
KATHERINE 1. KLEIN, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park,
Maryland 20742
JANE KNrrZER, National Center for Children in Poverty, School of Public Health, Columbia
University, New York, New York 10032
LEON H. LEVY, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia 23229
RAMSAY LIEM, Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
02167
Contributors ix
JEAN ANN LINNEY, Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, University of South Caro
lina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
ALFRED McALISTER, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77225
MIRIAM MARTINEZ, Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San
Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110
KENNETH I. MATON, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County,
Catonsville, Maryland 21250
JEFFREY P. MAYER, Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, St. Louis
University, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
GARY B. MELTON, Institute on Family and Neighborhood and Family Life, Clemson Univer
sity, Clemson, South Carolina 29634
JUDITH C. MEYERS, Child Health and Development Institute of Connecticut, Inc., Farmington,
Connecticut 06032
JOHN R. MORGAN, Director of Clinical and Prevention Services, Chesterfield Mental Health
Mental Retardation Department, Chesterfield, Virginia 23832
ANNE MORRIS, Center for Mental Health Services Research, University of California, Berke
ley, California 94720
J. R. NEWBROUGH, Department of Psychology, Peabody College of Vanderbilt University,
Nashville, Tennessee 37203
PATRICK O'NEILL, Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia
BOP IXO, Canada
DIANA OXLEY, Department of Special Education and Community Resources, University of
Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1235
KENNETH I. PARGAMENT, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowl
ing Green, Ohio 43402
DENNIS N. T. PERKINS, The Syncretics Group, Branford, Connecticut 06505
DEBORAH A. PHILLIPS, Institute of Medicine, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
20418
RICHARD H. PRICE, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48106
R. SCOTT RALLS, Vice President, Economic and Workforce Development, The North Carolina
Community College System, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
BRUCE D. RAPKIN, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Hospital, New York, New York 10021
N. DICKON REpPUCCI, Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia 22903
TRACEY A. REVENSON, Department of Social-Personality and Health Psychology, CUNY
Graduate Center, New York, New York 10016
JEAN E. RHODES, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820
x Contributors
RONALD ROESCH, Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British
Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
ANN MARIE RYAN, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing,
Michigan 48824
IRWIN N. SANDLER, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
85287
SEYMOUR B. SARASON, Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
06520
RUTH SCHELKUN, Late of Washtenaw County Community Mental Health Center, Washtenaw
County, Michigan
KATHLEEN M. SCHIAFFINO, Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, New
York 10458
IRMA SERRANO-GARCIA, Department of Psychology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras,
Puerto Rico 00826
MORTON M. SILVERMAN, Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
60615
MARYBETH SHINN, Center for Community Research and Action, Department of Psychology,
New York University, New York, New York 10003
VIRGINIA SMITH-MAJOR, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College
Park, College Park, Maryland 20742
DAVID L. SNOW, The Consultation Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New
Haven, Connecticut 06511
LONNIE R. SNOWDEN, Center for Mental Health Service Research and School of Social
Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
ANN M. STEFFEN, Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St Louis,
Missouri 63121
STEPHEN P. STELZNER, Department of Psychology, College of St. Benedict, St. Joseph,
Minnesota 56374
ERIC STEWART, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820
CAROLYN F. SWIFT, 1102 Hilltop Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66044
RALPH W. SWINDLE JR., Health Services Research and Development, VA Medical Center,
Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
J. S. TANAKA, Late of the Departments of Educational Psychology and Psychology, University
of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820
EDISON J. TRICKETT, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park,
Maryland 20742
COLLIN VAN UCHELEN, Cross Cultural Psychiatric Program, Department of Psychiatry, Uni
versity of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2Al, Canada
Contributors xi
ABRAHAM WANDERSMAN, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Colum
bia, South Carolina 29208
RODERICK WATTS, Department of Psychology, De Paul University, Chicago, lllinois 60614
GLENN W. WHITE, Department of Human Development and Family Life, University of
Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
SABINE WINGENFELD, School of Psychological Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora,
VIC 3083, Australia
THOMAS WOLFF, Community Development, Massachusetts Statewide Area Health Education
Centers, University of Massachusetts Health Center, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
JENNIFER L. WOOLARD, Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Flor
ida 32611
ALEX J. ZAUTRA, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
85287-1104
MARC A. ZIMMERMAN, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of
Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029
Preface
As a field progresses, people write about their own work in journals, chapters, and books; but
periodically the work needs to be collected and organized. It needs to be brought together in a
format that can both introduce new members to the field and reacquaint continuing members
with the work of their colleagues. Such a collection also affords an opportunity for the growing
number of people with particular expertise to provide a reference for others whose work is
related, but differs in focus.
This is the first Handbook of Community Psychology. It contains contributions from 106
different authors, in addition to our editorial introductions. Its thirty-eight chapters (including
two that are divided into multiple, individually authored parts) are concerned with conceptual
frameworks, empirically grounded constructs, intervention strategies and tactics, social sys
tems, design, assessment and analysis, cross-cutting professional issues, and contemporary
intersections with community psychology.
Although interrelated, each chapter stands on its own as a statement about a particular
part of the field, and the volume can serve as a reference for those who may want to explore an
area about which they are not yet familiar. To some extent community psychologists eschew
the distinction between researcher and practitioner; and regardless of one's primary work
environment (university, small college, practice setting, government, or grassroots organiza
tion), there is something of interest for anyone who wants to explore the community psychol
ogy approach.
To say that all the work of importance to the field is presented here would be to promise
more than anyone could deliver given the rapid growth, comprehensive development, and
broad scope of this field. However, as we suggest in our editorial introductions to each section,
we do offer here the overarching narratives that tell the community psychology story and many
of the maps that have pointed community psychologists in new directions. We think this vol
ume should be of interest to both graduate students and professionals; and much (if not all of it)
is written in a way that makes it accessible to advanced-albeit sophisticated-undergraduates
as well, especially those who want to grasp the scope of the field.
Each chapter stands on the shoulders of considerable work, much of which has not pre
viously been brought together in any single place. The volume as a whole has many historical
roots. In 1966, Sarason, Levine, Goldenberg, eherlin, and Bennett published a book describing
their work at the Yale Psycho Educational Clinic. In 1967, Emory L. Cowen, Elmer A.
Gardner, and Melvin Zax edited an influential book called Emergent Approaches to Mental
Health Problems. This was shortly followed by Ira Goldenberg's Build Me a Mountain (1971),
Seymour Sarason's The Psychological Sense of Community (1974), and the Austin Conference
on the training of community psychologists (Iscoe, Bloom, & Spielberger, 1977). In 1972,
xiii