Group Action: The Dynamics of Groups in Therapeutic, Educational and Corporate Settings (International Library of Group Analysis, 19) PDF
Preview Group Action: The Dynamics of Groups in Therapeutic, Educational and Corporate Settings (International Library of Group Analysis, 19)
Group Action: The Dynamics of Groups in Therapeutic, Educational and Corporate Settings of relatedinterest Creative Advances in Groupwork EditedbyAnnaChesnerandHerbHahn ISBN185302953X Bion and Group Psychotherapy EditedbyMalcolmPines ISBN1853029246 InternationalLibraryof GroupAnalysis15 The Essential Groupworker Teaching and Learning Creative Groupwork MarkDoelandCatherineSawdon ISBN1853028231 Circular Reflections Selected Papers on Group Analysis MalcolmPines ISBN1853024929pb ISBN1853024937hb InternationalLibraryof GroupAnalysis1 Taking the Group Seriously Towards a Post-Foulkesian Group Analytic Theory FarhadDalal ISBN1853026425 InternationalLibraryof GroupAnalysis5 A Workbook of Group-Analytic Interventions DavidKennard,Jeff RobertsandDavidA.Winter ISBN1853028975 InternationalLibraryof GroupAnalysis13 Thinking About Institutions Milieux and Madness R.D.Hinshelwood ISBN1853029548 TherapeuticCommunities8 Group Action: The Dynamics of Groups in Therapeutic, Educational and Corporate Settings T. Martin Ringer Jessica Kingsley Publishers London and New York Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedinany materialform(includingphotocopyingorstoringitinanymediumbyelectronic meansandwhetherornottransientlyorincidentallytosomeotheruseofthis publication)withoutthewrittenpermissionofthecopyrightownerexceptin accordancewiththeprovisionsoftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988 orunderthetermsofalicenceissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyLtd, 90TottenhamCourtRoad,London,EnglandW1P9HE. Applicationsforthe copyrightowner’swrittenpermissiontoreproduceanypartofthispublication shouldbeaddressedtothepublisher. Warning:Thedoingofanunauthorisedactinrelationtoacopyrightworkmay resultinbothacivilclaimfordamagesandcriminalprosecution. TherightofT.MartinRingertobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhas beenassertedbytheminaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatents Act1988. FirstpublishedintheUnitedKingdomin2002 byJessicaKingsleyPublishersLtd 116PentonvilleRoad LondonN19JB,England and 29West35thStreet,10thfl. NewYork,NY10001-2299,USA www.jkp.com Copyright©T.MartinRinger2002 Libraryof CongressCataloginginPublicationData ACIPcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN1843100282 PrintedandBoundinGreatBritainby AthenaeumPress,Gateshead,TyneandWear Contents Acknowledgements and locating the book in a social context 8 Foreword by Malcolm Pines 13 Foreword by Claudio Neri 15 Author’s preface 16 Introduction 17 Prelude: stories and the demise of a wombat 39 Part 1 1. Constructing reality in groups 47 2. Internal working models 64 3. Conscious, preconscious and unconscious 77 4. Aspects of the unconscious, preconscious and conscious that influence behaviour in groups 91 5. Unconscious processes: language and symbolism 121 6. Projection and other phenomena of the unconscious 133 7. Patterns in the group-as-a-whole 144 Part 2 Introduction to Part 2: application of principles 173 8. A psychodynamic view of experiential learning in groups 175 9. Linking, containment and affiliative attachment in groups 190 10. Enhancing group effectiveness through creating and maintaining a ‘reflective space’ 218 11. Six perspectives on facilitation and group leadership competencies: integrating the rational with the non-rational 238 12. Leaders as artists: unconscious processes in groups 265 REFERENCES 282 AUTHORINDEX 290 SUBJECTINDEX 293 To Françoise Acknowledgements and locating the book in a social context The writing and publishing of a book is a social phenomenon rather than a purelypersonalone.Thefollowingacknowledgementsareintendedtoservetwo functions:firsttorecognizethosewhohavecontributedtothefinalproductand secondlytoplacethebookinthesocialandintellectualcontextfromwhichit wasconceived,grownandmadepublic.Formethereweretwooriginsofthis manuscript.Onewasthedevelopmentofmycapacitytowriteaboutgroupsand thesecondwastheoriginofthespecificprojectthatresultedinthebook.The twostoriesareinterwoven. At the age of four and a half years I was allowed to attend the tiny rural schoolwheremyfatherwasthesoleteacher.ForthenextsevenandahalfyearsI belongedtowhatInowunderstandtohavebeenanactiveexperientiallearning groupthatwasfacilitatedby‘MrRinger’theteacherandincludedpupilsranging fromfivetothirteenyearsold.FortheseyearsIexperiencedbeingamemberof whatwasprimarilyasuccessfullearninggroup.Thatwasapowerfulbuildingof the capacity to work with groups and has cemented into my psyche an unshakable faith that groups can be generative and positive places to be. It is morethantwelveyearssinceBobRingerdiedbutitismypleasuretoacknowl- edgethatIambuildingonwhathestarted.ThenfromtheageoffifteenIstarteda long association with adventure activities and experienced the building of personal confidence and further positive group experiences during more than twenty years of adventure recreation in New Zealand. Hence, there are many leadersofadventuregroupstowhomIowemythanks. Then, in 1990, I left New Zealand as an emotional refugee – trying to escapefromthepainoftheimpendinglossofmyprimaryrelationshipandthe lossofmyprofessionalroleasDirectorofNorthlandWildernessExperience,an adventure therapy programme. The staff at Northland Wilderness Experience collectively created an outstanding environment for learning and growth. In particular, without the quiet confidence of Tahu Robertson I would not have sustainedthedemandsofthatroleforaslongasIdid.LesGray,RosieGuildand Dr Margaret O’Brien combined warmth, understanding and professional direction for me during those challenging years. At this time too, Maraea (Pompy) Tipene and many Maori people from around Tai Tokerau showed remarkable patience with me in their coaching of me in tikanga Maori. Gary Poole’scourageandtrustinmewasanotheressentialpartinthedevelopmentof myunderstandingofgroups,organizationsandhumanchangeprocesses.Diana Rands,LizzieBakerandHowardRetialsomadesignificantcontributionstothe emotional container that nurtured our work together. In retrospect I now 8
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