Fundamental approaches to software engineering : 24th International Conference, FASE 2021, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, March 27-April 1, 2021, Proceedings PDF
Preview Fundamental approaches to software engineering : 24th International Conference, FASE 2021, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, March 27-April 1, 2021, Proceedings
Esther Guerra Mariëlle Stoelinga (Eds.) S S o C R A 9 4 6 2 Fundamental Approaches 1 S C to Software Engineering N L 24th International Conference, FASE 2021 Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, March 27 – April 1, 2021 Proceedings Lecture Notes in Computer Science 12649 Founding Editors Gerhard Goos, Germany Juris Hartmanis, USA Editorial Board Members Elisa Bertino, USA Gerhard Woeginger , Germany Wen Gao, China Moti Yung, USA Bernhard Steffen , Germany Advanced Research in Computing and Software Science Subline of Lecture Notes in Computer Science Subline Series Editors Giorgio Ausiello, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Italy Vladimiro Sassone, University of Southampton, UK Subline Advisory Board Susanne Albers, TU Munich, Germany Benjamin C. Pierce, University of Pennsylvania, USA Bernhard Steffen , University of Dortmund, Germany Deng Xiaotie, Peking University, Beijing, China Jeannette M. Wing, Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA More information about this subseries at http://www.springer.com/series/7407 ë Esther Guerra Mari lle Stoelinga (Eds.) (cid:129) Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering 24th International Conference, FASE 2021 Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021 – Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, March 27 April 1, 2021 Proceedings 123 Editors EstherGuerra Mariëlle Stoelinga Universidad Autónoma deMadrid University of Twente Madrid,Spain Enschede,The Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen, TheNetherlands ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notesin Computer Science ISBN 978-3-030-71499-4 ISBN978-3-030-71500-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71500-7 LNCSSublibrary:SL1–TheoreticalComputerScienceandGeneralIssues ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2021.Thisbookisanopenaccesspublication. OpenAccessThisbookislicensedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution andreproductioninanymediumorformat,aslongasyougiveappropriatecredittotheoriginalauthor(s)and thesource,providealinktotheCreativeCommonslicenseandindicateifchangesweremade. Theimagesorotherthirdpartymaterialinthisbookareincludedinthebook’sCreativeCommonslicense, unlessindicatedotherwiseinacreditlinetothematerial.Ifmaterialisnotincludedinthebook’sCreative Commonslicenseandyourintendeduseisnotpermittedbystatutoryregulationorexceedsthepermitteduse, youwillneedtoobtainpermissiondirectlyfromthecopyrightholder. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbookare believedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsortheeditors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsin publishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland ETAPS Foreword Welcome to the 24th ETAPS! ETAPS 2021 was originally planned to take place in Luxembourg in its beautiful capital Luxembourg City. Because of the Covid-19 pan- demic, this was changed to an online event. ETAPS 2021 was the 24th instance of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference established in 1998, and consists of four conferences: ESOP, FASE, FoSSaCS, and TACAS. Each conference has its own Program Committee (PC) and its own Steering Committee (SC). The conferences cover various aspects of software systems, ranging from theo- reticalcomputersciencetofoundationsofprogramminglanguages,analysistools,and formalapproachestosoftwareengineering.Organisingtheseconferencesinacoherent, highly synchronised conference programme enables researchers to participate in an exciting event, having the possibility to meet many colleagues working in different directions in the field, and to easily attend talks of different conferences. On the weekend before the main conference, numerous satellite workshops take place that attract many researchers from all over the globe. ETAPS 2021 received 260 submissions in total, 115 of which were accepted, yieldinganoverallacceptancerateof44.2%.Ithankalltheauthorsfortheirinterestin ETAPS, all the reviewers for their reviewing efforts, the PC members for their con- tributions,andinparticularthePC(co-)chairsfortheirhardworkinrunningthisentire intensive process. Last but not least, my congratulations to all authors of the accepted papers! ETAPS 2021 featured the unifying invited speakers Scott Smolka (Stony Brook University) and Jane Hillston (University of Edinburgh) and the conference-specific invitedspeakersIşilDillig(UniversityofTexasatAustin)forESOPandWillemVisser (StellenboschUniversity)forFASE.InivitedtutorialswereprovidedbyErikaÁbrahám (RWTH Aachen University) on analysis of hybrid systems and Madhusudan Parthasararathy (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) on combining machine learning and formal methods. ETAPS 2021 was originally supposed to take place in Luxembourg City, Luxem- bourg organized by the SnT - Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg. University of Luxembourg was founded in 2003. The university is one of the best and most international young universities with 6,700 students from 129 countries and 1,331 academics from all over the globe. The local organisation team consisted of Peter Y.A. Ryan (general chair), Peter B. Roenne (or- ganisation chair), Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro (workshop chair), Magali Martin (event manager), David Mestel (publicity chair), and Alfredo Rial (local proceedings chair). ETAPS 2021 was further supported by the following associations and societies: ETAPS e.V., EATCS (European Association for Theoretical Computer Science), EAPLS(EuropeanAssociationforProgrammingLanguagesandSystems),andEASST (European Association of Software Science and Technology). vi ETAPSForeword The ETAPS Steering Committee consists of an Executive Board, and representa- tives of the individual ETAPS conferences, as well as representatives of EATCS, EAPLS, and EASST. The Executive Board consists of Holger Hermanns (Saar- brücken), Marieke Huisman (Twente, chair), Jan Kofron (Prague), Barbara König (Duisburg), Gerald Lüttgen (Bamberg), Caterina Urban (INRIA), Tarmo Uustalu (Reykjavik and Tallinn), and Lenore Zuck (Chicago). Other members of the steering committee are: Patricia Bouyer (Paris), Einar Broch Johnsen (Oslo), Dana Fisman (Be’er Sheva), Jan-Friso Groote (Eindhoven), Esther Guerra(Madrid),ReikoHeckel(Leicester),Joost-PieterKatoen(AachenandTwente), Stefan Kiefer (Oxford), Fabrice Kordon (Paris), Jan Křetínský (Munich), Kim G. Larsen(Aalborg),TizianaMargaria(Limerick),AndrewM.Pitts(Cambridge),Grigore Roșu (Illinois), Peter Ryan (Luxembourg), Don Sannella (Edinburgh), Lutz Schröder (Erlangen), Ilya Sergey (Singapore), Mariëlle Stoelinga (Twente), Gabriele Taentzer (Marburg), Christine Tasson (Paris), Peter Thiemann (Freiburg), Jan Vitek (Prague), Anton Wijs (Eindhoven), Manuel Wimmer (Linz), and Nobuko Yoshida (London). I’dliketotakethisopportunitytothankalltheauthors,attendees,organizersofthe satellite workshops, and Springer-Verlag GmbH for their support. I hope you all enjoyed ETAPS 2021. Finally,abigthankstoPeter,Peter,Magaliandtheirlocalorganisationteamforall their enormous efforts to make ETAPS a fantastic online event. I hope there will be a next opportunity to host ETAPS in Luxembourg. February 2021 Marieke Huisman ETAPS SC Chair ETAPS e.V. President Preface This volume contains the papers presented at FASE 2021, the 24th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering. FASE 2021 was organizedaspartoftheannualEuropeanJointConferencesonTheoryandPracticeof Software (ETAPS 2021). FASE is concerned with the foundations on which software engineering is built, including topics like software engineering as an engineering discipline, requirements engineering, software architectures, software quality, model-driven development, software processes, software evolution, search-based software engineering, and the specification, design, and implementation of particular classes of systems, such as (self-)adaptive, collaborative, intelligent, embedded, distributed, mobile, pervasive, cyber-physical, or service-oriented applications. FASE 2021 received 51 submissions. The submissions came from the following countries (in alphabetical order): Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Mace- donia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Kingdom, and United States. FASE used a double-blind reviewing process. Each submission was reviewed by three Program Committee members. After an online discussionperiod,the Program Committee accepted 16papers as part ofthe conference program (31% acceptance rate). FASE 2021 hosted the 3rd International Competition on Software Testing (Test-Comp 2021). Test-Comp is an annual comparative evaluation of testing tools. This edition contained 11 participating tools, from academia and industry. These proceedings contain the competition report and three system descriptions of partici- pating tools. The system-description papers were reviewed and selected by a separate program committee: the Test-Comp jury. Each paper was assessed by at least three reviewers.TwosessionsintheFASEprogramwerereservedforthepresentationofthe results: the summary by the Test-Comp chair and the participating tools by the developerteamsinthefirstsession,andthecommunitymeetinginthesecondsession. A lot of people contributed to the success of FASE 2021. We are grateful to the Program Committee members and reviewers for their thorough reviews and con- structive discussions. We thank the ETAPS 2021 organizers, in particular, Peter Y. A. Ryan (General Chair), Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro (Workshops Chair), Peter Roenne(OrganizationChair),MagaliMartin(EventManager),DavidMestel(Publicity Chair) and Alfredo Rial (Local Proceedings Chair). We also thank Marieke Huisman (Steering Committee Chair of ETAPS 2021) for managing the process, and Gabriele Taenzter(SteeringCommitteeChairofFASE2021)forherfeedbackandsupport.Last but not least, we would like to thank the authors for their excellent work. March 2021 Esther Guerra Mariëlle Stoelinga Organization Steering Committee Wil van der Aalst RWTH Aachen, Germany Jordi Cabot ICREA - Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain Marsha Chechik University of Toronto, Canada Reiner Hähnle Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Reiko Heckel University of Leicester, UK Tiziana Margaria University of Limerick, Ireland Fernando Orejas Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain Julia Rubin University of British Columbia, Canada Alessandra Russo Imperial College London, UK Andy Schürr Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Perdita Stevens University of Edinburgh, UK Gabriele Taentzer Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany Andrzej Wąsowski IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark Heike Wehrheim Universtät Paderborn, Germany FASE – Program Committee João Paulo Almeida Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil Étienne André LORIA, Université de Lorraine, France Uwe Aßmann Technische Universität Dresden, Germany Artur Boronat University of Leicester, UK Paolo Bottoni Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Jordi Cabot ICREAUniversitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain Yu-Fang Chen Academia Sinica, Taiwan Philippe Collet Université Côte d’Azur - CNRS/I3S, France Francisco Durán University of Málaga, Spain Marie-Christine Jakobs Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Nils Jansen Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands Einar Broch Johnsen University of Oslo, Norway Leen Lambers Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam, Germany Yi Li Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Stefan Mitsch Carnegie Mellon University, USA Martin R. Neuhäußer Siemens AG, Germany Ajitha Rajan University of Edinburgh, UK Augusto Sampaio Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil Perdita Stevens University of Edinburgh, UK Daniel Strüber Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands Gabriele Taentzer Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany x Organization Silvia Lizeth Tapia Tarifa University of Oslo, Norway Daniel Varró McGill University, Canada Heike Wehrheim University of Paderborn, Germany Anton Wijs Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Manuel Wimmer Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Tao Yue Simula Research Laboratory, Norway Steffen Zschaler King’s College London, UK Test-Comp – Program Committee and Jury Dirk Beyer (Chair) LMU Munich, Germany Gidon Ernst LMU Munich, Germany (Representing CMA-ES Fuzz) Marie-Christine Jakobs TU Darmstadt, Germany (Representing CoVeriTest) Kaled Alshmrany U. of Manchester, UK (Representing FuSeBMC) Sebastian Ruland TU Darmstadt, Germany (Representing HybridTiger) Martin Nowack Imperial College London, UK (Representing KLEE) Dongge Liu U. of Melbourne, Australia (Representing Legion) Hoang M. Le U. of Bremen, Germany (Representing LibKluzzer) Thomas Lemberger LMU Munich, Germany (Representing PRTest) Marek Chalupa Masaryk U., Czechia (Representing Symbiotic) Joxan Jaffar National U. of Singapore, Singapore (Representing TracerX) Raveendra Kumar M. Tata Consultancy Service, India (Representing VeriFuzz) Additional Reviewers Antonino, Pedro Clarisó, Robert Babikian, Aren De Lara, Juan Badings, Thom Din, Crystal Chang Bubel, Richard Du, Xiaoning Búr, Márton Gómez, Abel Cánovas Izquierdo, Javier Luis Hajdu, Ákos Chang, Yun-Sheng Haltermann, Jan
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