Family Medicine: Principles and Practice

2017 Pages·2022·39.12 MB·english

by  Paul M. Paulman (editor)

Paul M. Paulman
Robert B. Taylor
Audrey A. Paulman
aeth S. Nasir
Editors
Family
Medicine
Principles and Practice
Eighth Edition
Family Medicine
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Paul M. Paulman Robert B. Taylor
(cid:129)
Audrey A. Paulman Laeth S. Nasir
Editors
Family Medicine
Principles and Practice
Eighth Edition
With198figuresand357Tables
Editors
PaulM.Paulman RobertB.Taylor
DepartmentofFamilyMedicine DepartmentofFamilyandCommunity
UniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenter Medicine
Omaha,NE,USA EasternVirginiaMedicalSchool
Norfolk,VA,USA
OregonHealthScienceUniversity
Portland,OR,USA
AudreyA.Paulman LaethS.Nasir
DepartmentofFamilyMedicine DepartmentofFamilyMedicine
UniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenter CreightonUniversitySchoolofMedicine
Omaha,NE,USA Omaha,NE,USA
ISBN978-3-030-54440-9 ISBN978-3-030-54441-6(eBook)
ISBN978-3-030-54442-3(printandelectronicbundle)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6
1stto6thedition:Springer-VerlagNewYorkInc.;1978,1983,1988,1994,1998,2003
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“Thankstoallfamilyphysiciansandotherswhoprovideprimary
care to their patients; without you, there would be no reason to
publish this book.”
Preface to the Eighth Edition
Family Medicine: Principles and Practice, eighth edition, is designed to
provide point of care and reference information for family physicians,
mid-levelproviders,residents,medicalandosteopathicstudents,andallothers
who provide primary care for patients. The supervising editors from the
seventh edition also supervised the production of this volume. The fact that
only a few chapters were removed and a few chapters added is yet another
tributetoDr.RobertTaylor’sbookdesignashepublishedthefirstofthisseries
andcontinuestoserveontheeditorialteamandprovideadviceandcounsel.
GiventhatthisprojecttookplaceduringtheCOVID-19pandemic,theaddi-
tionofachaptercoveringpandemicsisverytimely.
TheeditorsareverygratefultothestaffandadministratorsatSpringerand
chapterauthorswhonotonlyprovidedverygoodchaptermanuscriptsbutalso
cared for themselves and their families during this pandemic. My personal
thankstoDr.AudreyPaulmanandDr.LaethNasirfortheirgreatworkonthe
editorialteam,andofcourse,thankyoutoallourreaders/usersofthisbook,as
Isaidintheprefaceofthepreviousedition:providinggoodinformationwhich
helpsourreadersimprovethecareoftheirpatientswillbeourhighestmarker
ofsuccess.
Staywell.
Fortheeditors,
Omaha,USA PaulM.Paulman
December2021 LeadEditor
vii
Preface to the First Edition
Aswecelebratethepublicationofthe8theditionofTaylor’sFamilyMedicine:
Principlesand Practice, we arealso celebratingthe45th anniversaryofthe
publication of the landmark textbook Taylor’s Family Medicine: Principles
andPractice,1stedition.
Thisbookisaboutpeople:thepatient,thefamily,andthefamilyphysician.
Itpresentshealthproblemsofthepatientandhealthcarebythephysicianinthe
contextofmankind’smostenduringsocietalunit–thefamily.
Theobjectivesinpreparationofthisbookhavebeen:
1. To compile in a single textbook the fundamental principles of family
medicineandthemethodstoimplementtheseprinciplesonaglobalbasis.
2. Todescribetheapproachofthefamilyphysiciantoclinicalproblems.
3. Tohelpidentifytheclinicalcontentoffamilymedicine.
4. Toprovideadatabasewhichcanserveasaday-by-dayreferencesourcefor
theresidentphysicianandclinician.
5. Toexplorethehistoryandphilosophyofthefamilypracticemovement.
Theseobjectives werepursuedbyseekingtheadvice andparticipation of
family medicine educators and practitioners around the world; preparing a
bookformatintendedtopresentdatainalogical,cohesivemanner;selecting
authorsbasedontheirinterestsandcontributionsinfamilymedicine;consid-
ering the priorities family physicians ascribe to achieving competence in
various clinical areas; and including chapters telling the evolution of the
modernfamilyphysicianandhisfocusonthepatientinrelationtothefamily.
Anewtextbookshoulddiffersignificantlyfromotherliteratureinthefield.
Thefollowing94chaptersrepresentnewmaterialpreparedspecificallyforthis
firstedition,includingmanyfactsandtheoriesneverbeforeinprint.Thereare
several chapters giving personal viewpoints on topics pertinent to the spe-
cialty. The format employs units of sequential chapters that allow full eluci-
dationofconcepts.Thebroadscopeoffamilymedicineiscovered,including
sectionsonfamilymedicineeducation,behaviorandcounseling,andthefull
spectrum of clinical medicine. The development of clinical chapters has
included the Competence Priority Classification of Behavior, Concepts, and
Skills in Family Medicine, a unifying taxonomy that is intended to be aca-
demicallyinstructiveandclinicallyrelevant.
ix
x PrefacetotheFirstEdition
Theeditorexpressesappreciationtothe128contributingauthorsandtothe
fourassociateeditors:JohnL.Buckingham,E.P.Donatelle,WilliamE.Jacott,
andMelvilleG.Rosen.Alsogratefullyacknowledgedisthecooperationofthe
American Academy of Family Physicians, The American Board of Family
Practice, the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Society of
TeachersofFamilyMedicine.Myfamily–Anita,Diana,andSharon–shared
inthepreparationofthisbook,asdidliterallyhundredsofotherpersonstoo
numeroustolistindividually,andtowhomtheeditors,authors,andreadersare
indebted.
R.B.T
Acknowledgments
Wededicatethisbooktoalltheworkerswholaboredtokeepushealthy,fed,
and safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. There will never be adequate
recognition or rewards for these incredible men and women; nevertheless,
we’dliketoaddourthanks.
We have many more people to thank: Dr. Robert Taylor has continued to
inspireusinhisroleasfounderofthisseriesofreferencebooks;hisadviceand
counselhavebeeninvaluable.
SaskiaEllis,ourproductionmanager,providedasteady,consistentguiding
handthroughouttheproductionprocess.Whenitseemedthatwehadreached
insurmountable roadblocks, Saskia was there to let us know how much
progress we had made and how we weren’t THAT far behind schedule. We
appreciateyourwork,Saskia!
SylviaBlagohasalsobeeninspirationalforusandhashelpeduskeepour
eyeontheprize.HavingworkedwithSylviaonpreviousprojects,wehavehad
great production experiences and she did not disappoint during this project.
Thankyou,Sylvia.
Ourchapterauthorscamethroughwithgreatmaterial,whilealsocaringfor
theirpatientsandkeepingthemselvesandtheirfamiliessafefromthevirus.We
areinyourdebt.
Personal thanks to Dr. Audrey Paulman and Dr. Laeth Nasir, volume
editors, for their great efforts to recruit chapter authors and overcome any
andallproblemsinordertobringthisbooktopublication.Welookforwardto
futureeditionsofthisreferencebookfromDr.LaethNasirandhisteam.Future
editionsofthisbookwillbeoutstanding.
Fortheeditors,
PaulM.Paulman
Editor
xi
Contents
Volume 1
PartI ThePrinciplesofFamilyMedicine ..................... 1
1 FamilyMedicine:FiftyYearsofCaringforAmerica ...... 3
JohnW.Saultz,RobertB.Taylor,andPaulM.Paulman
2 Culture,Race,andEthnicityIssuesinHealthCare ....... 17
MilaLopez,JingnanBu,andMichaelDaleMendoza
3 FamilyIssuesinHealthCare ......................... 29
ThomasL.Campbell,SusanH.McDaniel,and
KathyCole-Kelly
4 FamilyStressandCounseling ......................... 39
MarjorieGuthrie,MaxZubatsky,LaurenRedlinger,and
CraigW.Smith
5 Population-BasedHealthCare ........................ 53
TanyaE.Anim,GeorgeRust,CyneethaStrong,and
JoedreckaS.BrownSpeights
PartII PreventiveCare ...................................... 65
6 ClinicalPrevention ................................. 67
RogerJ.Zoorob,MariaC.Mejia,andRobertS.Levine
7 HealthPromotionandWellness ....................... 95
JenniferDalrymple,KristenDimas,RoseAnneIlles,and
TylerSpradling
8 HealthCareoftheInternationalTraveler ............... 107
TimothyHerrick
PartIII Pregnancy,Childbirth,andPostpartumCare .......... 119
9 PreconceptionCare ................................. 121
StephenD.Ratcliffe,StephanieE.Rosener,and
DanielJ.Frayne
xiii