Excel 2016 for Environmental Sciences Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems

267 Pages·2016·11.581 MB·English

by  Thomas J. Quirk, Meghan H. Quirk, Howard F. Horton (auth.)

Excel for Statistics
Thomas J. Quirk
Meghan H. Quirk
Howard F. Horton
Excel 2016 for
Environmental
Sciences Statistics
A Guide to Solving Practical Problems
Excel for Statistics
ExcelforStatisticsisaseriesoftextbooksthatexplainhowtouseExceltosolve
statisticsproblemsinvariousfieldsofstudy.Professors,students,andpractitioners
will findthesebooksteachhow tomakeExcel work best intheir respective field.
Applications include any discipline that uses data and can benefit from the power
andsimplicityofExcel.Bookscoverallthestepsforrunningstatisticalanalysesin
Excel 2016, Excel 2013, Excel 2010 and Excel 2007. The approach also teaches
critical statistics skills, making the books particularly applicable for statistics
coursestaughtoutsideofmathematicsorstatisticsdepartments.
Serieseditor:ThomasJ.Quirk
Thefollowingbooksareinthisseries:
T.J.Quirk,Excel2016forEngineeringStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excel
forStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2016forBusinessStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excelfor
Statistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2016forBiologicalandLifeSciencesStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishing2016.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2016forPhysicalSciencesStatistics:AGuidetoSolving
PracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishing2016.
T.J.Quirk,E.Rhiney,Excel2016forMarketingStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,
ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2016forEducationalandPsychologicalStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPractical
Problems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2016forSocialScienceStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excel
forStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,S.Cummings,Excel2016forHealthServicesManagementStatistics:AGuidetoSolving
PracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,J.Palmer-Schuyler,Excel2016forHumanResourceManagementStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton.Excel2016forEnvironmentalSciencesStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,J.Palmer-Schuyler,Excel2013forHumanResourceManagementStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,S.Cummings,Excel2013forHealthServicesManagementStatistics:AGuidetoSolving
PracticalProblems.ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2013forPhysicalSciencesStatistics:AGuidetoSolving
PracticalProblems.ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016.
T.J.Quirk.Excel2013forEducationalandPsychologicalStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPractical
Problems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2013forBiologicalandLifeSciencesStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2013forSocialScienceStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excel
forStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2013forBusinessStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excelfor
Statistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
T.J.Quirk.Excel2013forEngineeringStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems,Excel
forStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2013forEnvironmentalSciencesStatistics:AGuideto
SolvingPracticalProblems,ExcelforStatistics.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015.
AdditionalStatisticsbooksbyDr.TomQuirkthathavebeenpublishedbySpringer
T.J.Quirk,Excel2010forEngineeringStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems.Springer
InternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014.
T.J. Quirk, S. Cummings, Excel 2010 for Health Services Management Statistics: A Guide to
SolvingPracticalProblems.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.Horton,Excel2010forPhysicalSciencesStatistics:AGuidetoSolving
PracticalProblems.SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2013.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2010forBiologicalandLifeSciencesStatistics:AGuide
toSolvingPracticalProblems.SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2013.
T.J.Quirk,M.Quirk,H.F.Horton,Excel2007forBiologicalandLifeSciencesStatistics:AGuide
toSolvingPracticalProblems.SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2013.
T.J. Quirk, Excel 2010 for Social Science Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems.
SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2012.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2010forEducationalandPsychologicalStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPractical
Problems.SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2012.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2007forBusinessStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPracticalProblems.Springer
Science+BusinessMediaNewYork2012.
T.J. Quirk, Excel 2007 for Social Science Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems.
SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2012.
T.J.Quirk,Excel2007forEducationalandPsychologicalStatistics:AGuidetoSolvingPractical
Problems.SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2012.
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/13491
Thomas J. Quirk • Meghan H. Quirk •
Howard F. Horton
Excel 2016 for
Environmental Sciences
Statistics
A Guide to Solving Practical Problems
ThomasJ.Quirk MeghanH.Quirk
WebsterUniversity Bailey,CO,USA
St.Louis,MO,USA
HowardF.Horton
Bailey,CO,USA
ExcelforStatistics
ISBN978-3-319-40056-3 ISBN978-3-319-40057-0 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-40057-0
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016941687
©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or
dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt
fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained
hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.
Printedonacid-freepaper
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature
TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerland
Thisbookisdedicatedtothemorethan3,000
studentsIhavetaughtatWebsterUniversity’s
campuses in St. Louis, London, and Vienna;
the students at Principia College in Elsah,
Illinois; and the students at the Cooperative
State University of Baden-Wuerttemberg in
Heidenheim, Germany. These students taught
me a great deal about the art of teaching.
Isalutethemall,andIthankthemforhelping
me to become a better teacher.
Thomas J. Quirk
We dedicate this book to all the newly
inspired students emerging into the ranks
of the various fields of science.
Meghan H. Quirk and Howard F. Horton

Preface
Excel 2016 for Environmental Sciences Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical
Problems is intended for anyone looking to learn the basics of applying Excel’s
powerfulstatisticaltoolstotheirsciencecoursesorworkactivities.Ifunderstand-
ing statistics isn’t your strongest suit, if you are not especially mathematically
inclined,orifyouarewaryofcomputers,thenthisistherightbookforyou.
Here you’ll learn how to use key statistical tests using Excel without being
overpowered by the underlying statistical theory. This book clearly and methodi-
cally shows and explains how to create and use these statistical tests to solve
practicalproblemsintheenvironmentalsciences.
Excel is an easily available computer program for students, instructors, and
managers.Itisalsoaneffectiveteachingandlearningtoolforquantitativeanalyses
in environmental science courses. The powerful numerical computational ability
andthegraphicalfunctionsavailableinExcelmakelearningstatisticsmucheasier
than in years past. However, this is the first book to show Excel’s capabilities to
moreeffectivelyteachsciencestatistics;italsofocusesexclusivelyonthistopicin
anefforttorenderthesubjectmatternotonlyapplicableandpracticalbutalsoeasy
tocomprehendandapply.
Uniquefeaturesofthisbook:
• This book is appropriate for use in any course in environmental sciences
statistics (at both undergraduate and graduate levels) as well as for managers
whowanttoimprovetheusefulnessoftheirExcelskills.
• Includes 165 color screenshots so that you can be sure you are performing the
Excelstepscorrectly.
• Youwillbetoldeachstepoftheway,notonlyhowtouseExcelbutalsowhyyou
are doing each step so that you can understand what you are doing and not
merelylearnhowtousestatisticaltestsbyrote.
• Includes specific objectives embedded in the text for each concept, so you can
knowthepurposeoftheExcelsteps.
vii
viii Preface
• This book is a tool that can be used either by itself or along with any good
statisticsbook.
• Statisticaltheoryandformulasareexplainedinclearlanguagewithoutbogging
youdowninmathematicalfinepoints.
• YouwilllearnbothhowtowritestatisticalformulasusingExcelandhowtouse
Excel’sdrop-downmenusthatwillcreatetheformulasforyou.
• ThisbookdoesnotcomewithaCDofExcelfileswhichyoucanuploadtoyour
computer.Instead,you’llbeshownhowtocreateeachExcelfileyourself.Ina
work situation, your colleagues will not give you an Excel file; you will be
expected to create your own. This book will give you ample practice in devel-
opingthisimportantskill.
• Each chapter presents the steps needed to solve a practical environmental
science problem using Excel. In addition, there are three practice problems at
the end of each chapter so you can test your new knowledge of statistics. The
answerstotheseproblemsappearinAppendixA.
• A“PracticeTest”isgiveninAppendixBtotestyourknowledgeattheendofthe
book.Theanswerstothesepracticalenvironmentalscienceproblemsappearin
AppendixC.
ThomasJ.Quirk,acurrentprofessorofmarketingattheGeorgeHerbertWalker
School of Business and Technology at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri
(USA),teachesmarketingstatistics,marketingresearch,andpricingstrategies.He
has published articles in the Journal of Educational Psychology, the Journal of
EducationalResearch,theReviewofEducationalResearch,theJournalofEduca-
tionalMeasurement,EducationalTechnology,theElementarySchoolJournal,the
Journal of Secondary Education, Educational Horizons, and Phi Delta Kappan.
Professor Quirk has published more than 20 articles in professional journals and
presentedmorethan 20papersatprofessionalmeetings.Heholds aB.S. inmath-
ematics from John Carroll University, both an M.A. in education and a Ph.D. in
educational psychology from Stanford University, and an M.B.A. from the Uni-
versityofMissouri-St.Louis.
Meghan H. Quirk holds both a Ph.D. in biological education and an M.A. in
biologicalsciencesfromtheUniversityofNorthernColorado(UNC)andaB.A.in
biologyandreligionatPrincipiaCollegeinElsah,Illinois.Shehasdoneresearchon
foodweb dynamics at Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota and research in
agro-ecologyinSouthernBelize.Shehascoauthoredanarticleonshortgrasssteppe
ecosystems in Photochemistry and Photobiology and has presented papers at the
Shortgrass Steppe Symposium in Fort Collins, Colorado, and at the Long-Term
Ecological Research All Scientists Meeting in Estes Park, Colorado, and partici-
pated in the NSF Site Review of the Shortgrass Steppe Long-Term Ecological
Research in Nunn, Colorado. She was a National Science Foundation Fellow
GK-12andcurrentlyteachesscienceinBailey,Colorado.
Howard F. Horton holds an M.S. in biological sciences from the University of
Northern Colorado (UNC) and a B.S. in biological sciences from Mesa State
College. He has worked on research projects in Pawnee National Grassland;
Preface ix
Rocky Mountain National Park; Long-Term Ecological Research at Toolik Lake,
Alaska;andWindCave,SouthDakota.Hehas coauthoredarticlesintheInterna-
tionalJournalofSpeleologyandtheJournalofCaveandKarstStudies.Hewasa
NationalScienceFoundationFellowGK-12andadistrictwildlifemanagerwiththe
Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife. He is currently the angler outreach
coordinatorwiththeColoradoParksandWildlife(USA).
St.Louis,MO ThomasJ.Quirk
Bailey,CO MeghanH.Quirk
Bailey,CO HowardF.Horton