European Security, Terrorism and Intelligence: Tackling New Security Challenges in Europe PDF
Preview European Security, Terrorism and Intelligence: Tackling New Security Challenges in Europe
PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanUnionPolitics Editedby:MichelleEgan,AmericanUniversity,USA,NeillNugent,VisitingProfessor,Col- lege of Europe, Bruges and Honorary Professor, University of Salford, UK, and William PatersonOBE,UniversityofAston,UK. Editorial Board: Christopher Hill, Cambridge, UK, Simon Hix, London School of Eco- nomics, UK, Mark Pollack, Temple University, USA, Kalypso Nicolaïdis, Oxford, UK, MortenEgeberg,UniversityofOslo,Norway,AmyVerdun,UniversityofVictoria,Canada, ClaudioM.Radaelli,UniversityofExeter,UK,andFrankSchimmelfennig,SwissFederal InstituteofTechnology,Switzerland. Following on the sustained success of the acclaimed European Union Series, which essen- tiallypublishesresearch-basedtextbooks,PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanUnionPoliticspublishes cutting-edgeresearch-drivenmonographs. Theremitoftheseriesisbroadlydefined,bothintermsofsubjectandacademicdiscipline. AlltopicsofsignificanceconcerningthenatureandoperationoftheEuropeanUnionpoten- tiallyfallwithinthescopeoftheseries.Theseriesismultidisciplinarytoreflectthegrowing importanceoftheEUasapolitical,economicandsocialphenomenon. Titlesinclude: OriolCostaandKnudErikJørgensen(editors) THEINFLUENCEOFINTERNATIONALINSTITUTIONSONTHEEU WhenMultilateralismHitsBrussels FalkDaviter POLICYFRAMINGINTHEEUROPEANUNION RenaudDehousse(editor) THE‘COMMUNITYMETHOD’ ObstinateorObsolete? KennethDysonandAngelosSepos(editors) WHICHEUROPE? ThePoliticsofDifferentiatedIntegration MichelleEgan,NeillNugentandWilliamE.Paterson(editors) RESEARCHAGENDASINEUSTUDIES StalkingtheElephant TheofanisExadaktylosandClaudioM.Radaelli(editors) RESEARCHDESIGNINEUROPEANSTUDIES EstablishingCausalityinEuropeanization JackHaywardandRüdigerWurzel(editors) EUROPEANDISUNION BetweenSovereigntyandSolidarity WolframKaiserandJan-HenrikMeyer(editors) SOCIETALACTORSINEUROPEANINTEGRATION ChristianKaunertandSarahLéonard(editors) EUROPEANSECURITY,TERRORISMANDINTELLIGENCE TacklingNewSecurityChallengesinEurope ChristianKaunertandKamilZwolski TheEUASAGLOBALSECURITYACTOR AComprehensiveAnalysisbeyondCFSPandJHA FinnLaursen(editor) DESIGNINGTHEEUROPEANUNION FromParistoLisbon Karl-OskarLindgrenandThomasPersson PARTICIPATORYGOVERNANCEINTHEEU EnhancingorEndangeringDemocracyandEfficiency? DanielNaurinandHelenWallace(editors) UNVEILINGTHECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANUNION GamesGovernmentsPlayinBrussels DimitrisPapadimitriouandPaulCopeland(editors) THEEU’SLISBONSTRATEGY EvaluatingSuccess,UnderstandingFailure EmmanuelleSchon-Quinlivan REFORMINGTHEEUROPEANCOMMISSION RogerScullyandRichardWynJones(editors) EUROPE,REGIONSANDEUROPEANREGIONALISM YvesTiberghien(editor) LEADERSHIPINGLOBALINSTITUTIONBUILDING Minerva’sRule AsleToje AFTERTHEPOST-COLDWAR TheEuropeanUnionasaSmallPower LiubomirK.Topaloff POLITICALPARTIESANDEUROSCEPTICISM RichardG.WhitmanandStefanWolff(editors) THEEUROPEANNEIGHBOURHOODPOLICYINPERSPECTIVE Context,ImplementationandImpact RichardG.Whitman(editor) NORMATIVEPOWEREUROPE EmpiricalandTheoreticalPerspectives SarahWolff THEMEDITERRANEANDIMENSIONOFTHEEUROPEANUNION’SINTERNALSECURITY JanWouters,HansBruyninckx,SudeshnaBasuandSimonSchunz(editors) THEEUROPEANUNIONANDMULTILATERALGOVERNANCE AssessingEUParticipationinUnitedNationsHumanRightsandEnvironmentalFora PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanUnionPolitics SeriesStandingOrderISBN978–1–4039–9511–7(hardback) andISBN978–1–4039–9512–4(paperback) (outsideNorthAmericaonly) Youcanreceivefuturetitlesinthisseriesastheyarepublishedbyplacingastandingorder. Pleasecontactyourbookselleror,incaseofdifficulty,writetousattheaddressbelowwith yournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesandoneoftheISBNsquotedabove. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS,UK European Security, Terrorism and Intelligence Tackling New Security Challenges in Europe Editedby Christian Kaunert SeniorLecturerinInternationalRelationsandPolitics,UniversityofDundee,UK and Sarah Léonard LecturerinPolitics,UniversityofDundee,UK Selection,IntroductionandEditorialMatter©ChristianKaunertand SarahLéonard2013 Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2013 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthis workinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2013by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN978–0–230–36181–2 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 ISBN 978-1-349-34852-7 ISBN 978-1-137-31473-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137314734 Contents Acknowledgements vii NotesonContributors viii 1 Introduction–BeyondEUCounter-terrorismCooperation: EuropeanSecurity,TerrorismandIntelligence 1 SarahLéonardandChristianKaunert Part I TheEuropeanUnionasaSecurityActor 2 TheEuropeanUnionandInternationalSecurity: DevelopingaComprehensiveApproach 17 KamilZwolski 3 TheEuropeanUnionasaComprehensivePoliceActor 40 StephenRozée Part II Counter-terrorismandPolicinginEurope 4 Europol’sCounter-terrorismRole:AChicken-EggDilemma 65 OldrichBures 5 GuardingEU-wideCounter-terrorismPolicing:The StruggleforSoundParliamentaryScrutinyofEuropol 96 ClaudiaHillebrand Part III Counter-terrorismandIntelligencein Europe 6 Information-sharingandtheEUCounter-terrorismPolicy: A‘SecuritisationTool’Approach 127 ThierryBalzacqandSarahLéonard 7 AvailabilitybyStealth?EUInformation-sharingin TransatlanticPerspective 143 JohnD.Occhipinti v vi Contents 8 Ona‘ContinuumwithExpansion’?Intelligence CooperationinEuropeintheEarly21stCentury 185 AdamD.M.Svendsen 9 SecurityPartnerships,IntelligenceandtheRecastingof theUKMonopolyofViolenceinthe21stCentury 215 CarlosOrtiz 10 Conclusion–EuropeanSecurity,Terrorismand Intelligence:AssessingthePathofDevelopment 229 AlexMacKenzieandKamilZwolski Index 244 Acknowledgements This manuscript was completed while Christian Kaunert and Sarah Léonard both held Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowships, at the European University Institute, Florence, and Sciences Po, Paris, respec- tively.Theywouldliketothankthesetwoinstitutionsfortheirsupport, as well as the European Commission for funding these fellowships through the 7th European Community Framework Programme. They also would like to thank all the colleagues who provided constructive feedbackonearlierversionsofthechaptersofthisbook. vii Contributors Thierry Balzacq is Tocqueville Professor of International Relations at the University of Namur, Belgium, and currently Visiting Research Fel- lowattheInstituteforAdvancedStudiesintheHumanities(IASH)atthe University of Edinburgh, UK. A former Research Fellow at the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) in Brussels, he has held visiting positions at Harvard University; the University of Wales, Aberystwyth; SciencesPoParis;theEcoleNationaled’Administration;andtheUniversity ofLouvain.Hisresearchinterestsincludecriticalapproachestosecurity, securitisationtheoryandIRtheory. Oldrich Bures is Head of the Department of International Relations and European Studies and Head of the Centre for Security Studies at Metropolitan University, Prague. His research focuses on conflict res- olution and international security, with special emphasis on United Nations peacekeeping operations, private military companies and the EUcounter-terrorismpolicy.HisworkhasnotablybeenpublishedinTer- rorismandPoliticalViolence,theInternationalStudiesReview,International Peacekeeping, Global Change, Peace and Security and the Journal of Con- temporaryEuropeanResearch.HismostrecentbookisEUCounterterrorism Policy:APaperTiger?(2011). Claudia Hillebrand is Lecturer in Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism at the Department of International Politics, Aberystwyth University. Her main research interests include intelligence accountability and oversight, counter-terrorism policing, international intelligence, and police cooperation. Her PhD project was supported by a Marie Curie Early Stage Research Fellowship of the European Commission. She has recently completed a monograph on the democratic legitimacy of EU- wide counter-terrorism policing and has also published on the CIA’s ‘extraordinary’renditioncampaign. Christian Kaunert is Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at the University of Dundee, UK, and Marie Curie Research Fellow at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (RSCAS), European University Institute, Florence, Italy. He holds a PhD viii NotesonContributors ix inInternationalPoliticsfromtheUniversityofWales,Aberystwyth,UK. He has been awarded a Jean Monnet Chair in EU Justice and Home Affairs and a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant (2012–2016). His articles have appeared in journals such as European Security, Journal of EuropeanIntegration,TerrorismandPoliticalViolence,StudiesinConflictand TerrorismandtheJournalofEuropeanPublicPolicy.Hismonographenti- tled European Internal Security: Towards Supranational Governance in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice was published by Manchester Uni- versityPressin2010.HeiseditoroftheJournalofContemporaryEuropean Research (JCER), as well as a member of the executive committee of UACES. Sarah Léonard is Lecturer in Politics at the University of Dundee, UK, and Marie Curie Research Fellow at the Centre for European Studies, Sciences Po, Paris, France. She received her PhD in International Poli- ticsfromtheUniversityofWales,Aberystwyth,UK.Sheisalsoeditorof the Journal of Contemporary European Research (JCER). Her articles have appeared in journals such as European Security, Terrorism and Political ViolenceandtheJournalofEuropeanPublicPolicy. Alex MacKenzie is a researcher based in the Department of Politics, School of Histories, Languages and Cultures, at the University of Liv- erpool. He holds a PhD in Politics from the University of Salford, UK. His research interests include the EU as a global actor, EU counter- terrorism cooperation with third states and the role of the European ParliamentinEUsecuritymatters.Hisarticleshaveappearedinjournals suchasEuropeanForeignAffairsReview,EuropeanSecurityandPerspectives onEuropeanPoliticsandSociety. John D. Occhipinti is Professor of Political Science and Department Chair at Canisius College in Buffalo. He earned his MA and PhD from theUniversityofMarylandatCollegePark.DrOcchipintihaspublished widely on internal security policy regarding the EU and transatlantic relations,including‘ParallelPathsandProductivePartners:theEUand US on Counter-terrorism’, in F. Lemieux (ed.) Emerging Initiatives and ContemporaryObstaclesinPoliceCooperation(2010),and‘PartnerorPush- Over? EU Relations with the US on Internal Security’, in D. Hamilton (ed.) Shoulder to Shoulder: Forging a Strategic US-EU Partnership (2010). He has lectured for the US Foreign Service Institute, presented his researchattheStateDepartmentandbriefednewlyappointedAmerican ambassadorstotheEU.
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