Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia: The Impact of Epidemiological, Biochemical and Neuromorphological Studies PDF
Preview Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia: The Impact of Epidemiological, Biochemical and Neuromorphological Studies
Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia The Impact of Epidemiological, Biochemical and N euromorphologicaLStudies Edited by C.L. Cazzullo, G. Invernizzi, E.Sacchetti and A. Vita Proceedings of an International Meeting held in Milan, October 3-4, 1986 ~ MTP PRESS LIMITED M ~ a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP LANCASTER I BOSTON I THE HAGUE I DORDRECHT Published in the UK and Europe by MTP Press Limited Falcon House Lancaster, England British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Etiopathogenetic hypotheses of schizophrenia: the impact of epidemiological, biochemical and neuromorphological studies: proceedings of an international meeting held in Milan, October 3- 41986. 1. Schizophrenia I. Cazzullo, c.L. 616.89'82 RC514 ISBN-13:978-94-0 10-7939-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-3207-4 DOT: 10.1007/978-94-009-3207-4 Published in the USA by MTPPress A division of Kluwer Academic Publishers 101 Philip Drive Norwell, MA 02061, USA Copyright 1987 MTP Press Limited Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission from the publishers. Contents Preface viii List of contriblJtors ix EPIDEMIOLOGY 1. Negative symptoms: a follow-up perspective M. Casacchia, A.Rossi, P. Stratta, G. Vespucci and C. Cignarale 3 2. Obstetric complications and cerebral abnormalities in schizophrenia M.l. Owen, S. W. Lewis and RM. Mu"ay 9 3. Genetic notes of schizophrenic disorders F. Macciardi, M. Provenza, L. Bellodi and E. Smeraldi 21 4. Life events and schizophreniform disorders C. Faravelli, S. Pallanti, M.L. Petrulli, S. Stocchetti and R Goddard 33 5. Hypotheses on the seasonality of schizophrenic births E. Fuller To"ey 41 6. The retrovirus/transposon hypothesis of schizophrenia T.l. Crow 49 NEUROIMAGING 7. A neurodevelopmental perspective on brain pathology in schizophrenia D.R Weinberger 59 8. Neuromorphological correlates of schizophrenic disorders: focus on cerebral ventricular enlargement E. Sacchetti, A. Vita, A. Calzeroni, G. Invernizzi and C. L. Cazzullo 67 v 9. Season of birth and cerebral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia E. Sacchetti, A. Vita, M. Battaglia, A. Calzeroni, G. Conte, G. Invemizzi and e.L. Cazzullo 93 10. Twin and family studies of ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia MA. Reveley, A.M. Reveley and B. Chitkara 99 11. CT scans of the brain in families with a high frequency of schizophrenia G. Niu-Fan, Y. He-Qin, e. Guo-lung, Z. Ming-Dao, Z. Ming-Yuan and X Zhen-Yi 109 12. Magnetic resonance imaging: applications in psychiatry N.C. Andreasen, HA. Nasrallah, I.e. Ehrhardt, W.M. Grove, S. e. Olson, IA. Coffman and I.R W. Crossett 117 13. Neurofunctional assessment of schizophrenia: neuropsychological and EEG data of lateralized imbalancement of functions S. Scarone, o. Gambini, L. Pugnetti, C. Colombo, R Cattaneo, L. Bellini, W. Christe and e. L. Cazzullo 123 14. In vivo studies of dopamine receptors in schizophrenia G. Sedvall 135 15. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia: a preliminary study A. Rossi, P. Stratta, M. Casacchia, M. Gallucci and R Passariello 141 BIOCHEMISTRY 16. Plasma opioid levels: a possible marker of neurotransmitter impairments in schizophrenia F. Brambilla, F. Facchinetti, F. Petraglia and A. R Genazzani 149 17. Outcome after 10 years of apomorphine-tested psychotic patients A. Bocchetta, M. Del Zompo, G. Martis, S. Mulas and G. U. Corsini 159 VI 18. Noradrenaline, psychotic decompensation, and drug response in schizophrenia D. P. van Kammen, T. C. Neylan, W. B. van Kammen, 1. L. Peters, 1. Rosen and M. Linnoila 169 19. The biochemical basis for the antipsychotic effects of neuroleptics D. Pickar, A. Breier, O. M. Wolkowitz andA. R Doran 175 20. Schizophrenia: new windows C. L. Cazzullo 181 Index 187 vii Preface Going ahead with their plans, the Association for Research on Schizophrenia CARS), the Schizophrenia Research Group of the Institute of Psychiatry of the University of Milan and the Tito and Fanny Legrenzi Foundation organized the International Meeting "Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia: The Impact of Epidemiological, Biochemical and Neuromorphological Studies", held in Milan on October 3-4 1986. The Meeting was an excellent occasion for the exchange of information and the sharing of views on the etiological hypotheses of schizophrenia resulting from the latest research in the key areas of epidemiology, biochemistry amd brain imaging. We are very pleased and proud to have had so many of the leading researchers in schizophrenia with us. Their stimulating and friendly presence and their contributions made this Meeting a great success. We hope that this book, a collection of the various participants' contributions at the Meeting, will have an equally favourable reception. The Editors viii List of contributors N.C. Andreasen A. Breier W. Christie The University of Iowa Clinical Neuroscience Klinikum Charlottemburg Hospitals and Clinics Branch, NIHM Department of Neurology Department of Psychiatry Building 10, Room 4N 214 Spandau Damm 130 500 Newton Road 9000 Rockville Pike D-1000 Berlin 19 Iowa City, IA 52242 Bethesda, MD 20892 West Germany USA USA C. Cignarale M. Battaglia A. Calzeroni Chair of Clinical Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry S. Maria di Collemaggio Milan University Milan University Hospital Policlinico - Pad. Guardia II Policlinico - Pad, Guardia II University of L'A quila via F. Sforza 35 via F. Sforza 35 67100 L'Aquilla 20122 Milan 20122 Milano Italy Italy Italy J.A. ColTmann L. Bellini M. Casacchia Ohio State University Department of Psychiatry Chair of Clinical Psychiatry . Department of Psychiatry University of Milan Medical S. Maria di Collemaggio Room 071, Upham Hall School Hospital 473 West 12th Avenue via G.F. Besta 1 University of L'Aquila Columbus, Ohio 20161 Milano 67100 L'Aquila USA Italy Italy C.Colombo L. Bellodi R. Cattaneo Department of Psychiatry University of Milan Department of Psychiatry University of Milan Medical Institute of Clinical University of Milan Medical School Psychiatry School via G.F. Besta 1 Ospedale S. Paolo via G.F. Besta 1 20161 Milano via Di Rudini 8 20161 Milano Italy 20142 Milano Italy Italy G.Conte C.L. Cazzullo Institute of Psychiatry A. Bocchetta Institute of Psychiatry Milan University Department of Milan University Policlinico - Pad. Guardia II Neurosciences Policlinico - Pad. Guardia II via F. Sforza 35 Clinical Pharmacology via F. Sforza 35 20122 Milano University of Cagliari 20122 Milan Italy via Porce1l4 Italy 09100 Cagliari G.U. Corsini Italy B.Chitkara Department of Institute of Psychiatry Neurosciences F. Brambilla De Crespigny Park Clinical Pharmacology Psychiatric Hospital "Paolo Denmark Hill University of Cagliari Pini" London, SE5 8AF via Porce1l4 via Ippocrate 45 UK 09100 Cagliari 20100 Milano Italy Italy ix J.H.W. Crosset M. Gallucci G. Invernizzi Department of Psychiatry Chair of Clinical Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry University of Iowa S. Maria di Collemaggio Milan University 500 Newton Road Hospital Policlinico - Pad. Guardia II Iowa City, IA 52242 University of L'A quila via F. Sforza 35 USA 67100 L'A quilla 20122 Milan Italy Italy T..J.Crow Clinical Research Centre O. Gambini D.P. van Kammen Division of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Watford Road University of Milan Medical Highland Drive Harrow Middx. HAl 3UJ School Pittsburg, P A 15206 UK via G.F. Besta 1 USA 20161 Milano M.DelZompo Italy W.B. van Kammen Department of Veterans Administration Neurosciences A.R. Genazzani Highland Drive Clinical Pharmacology Psychiatric Hospital "Paolo Pittsburgh, P A 15206 University of Cagliari Pini" USA via Porcell4 via Ippocrate 45 09100 Cagliari 20100 Milano S.W.Lewis Italy Italy Institute of Psychiatry De Crespigny Park A.R.Doran R. Goddard Denmark Hill Clinical Neurosciences Institute of Nervous and London, SE5 8AF Branch, NIHM Mental Diseases UK Building 10, Room 4N 214 Chair of Clinical Psychiatry 9000 Rockville Pike Florence University Medical M. Linnoila Bethesda, MD 20892 School National Institute of USA Policlinico Careggi Alcoholism and Alcohol via Ie Morgagni 85 Abuse J.C. Erhardt 50100 Firenze DICBR - Laboratory Clinical Department of Radiology Italy Studies University of Iowa Bethesda, Maryland 500 Newton Road W.M.Grove USA Iowa City, IA 52242 Department of Psychiatry USA University of Iowa F. Macciardi 500 Newton Road University of Milan Medical F. Facchinetti Iowa City, IA 52242 School Psychiatry Hospital "Paolo USA Institute of Clinical Pini" Psychiatry via Ippocrate 45 C. Guo-Jung Ospedale S. Paulo 20100 Milano Shanghai Institute of Mental via Di Rudini 8 Italy Health 20142 Milano Shangai Italy C. FaraveIIi China Institute of Nervous and G. Martis Mental Diseases Y. He-Qin Department of Chair of Clinical Psychiatry Shanghai Institute of Mental Neurosciences Florence University Medical Health Clinical Pharmacology School Shanghai University of Cagliari Policlinico Careggi China via Porcell4 via Ie Morgagni 85 09100 Cagliari 50100 Firenze Italy Italy x Z.Ming-Dao M..J.Owen 1.. Pugnetti Shanghai Institute of Mental Institute of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Health De Crespigny Park University of Milan Medical Shanghai Denmark Hill School China London, SES 8AF via G.F. Besta 1 UK 20161 Milano Z. Ming-Yuan Italy Shanghai Institute of Mental S.Pallanti Health Institute of Nervous and A.M. Reveley Shanghai Mental Diseases The Maudsley Hospital China Chair of Clinical Psychiatry London Florence Medical School UK S.Mulas Policlinico Careggi Department of via Ie Morgagni 85 MA Reveley Neurosciences 50100 Firenze The London Hospital (St Clinical Pharmacology Italy Clement's) University of Cagliari 2ABowRoad via Porce1l4 R. Passariello London E3 4LL 09100 Cagliari Chair of Clinical Psychiatry UK Italy S. Maria di Collemaggio Hospital J. Rosen R.Murray University of L'Aquila Veterans Administration Institute of Psychiatry 67100 L'Aquilla Highland Drive De Crespigny Park Italy Pittsburgh, PA 15206 Denmark Hill USA London SE5 8AF JL.Peters UK Veterans Administration A. Rossi Highland Drive Chair of Clinical Psychiatry HA Nasrallah Pittsburgh, P A 15206 S. Maria di Collemaggio Ohio State University USA Hospital Department of Psychiatry University of L'A quila Room 071, Upham Hall F. Petraglia 67100 L'A quila 473 West 12th Avenue Psychiatric Hospital "Paolo Italy Columbus, Ohio Pini" USA via Ippocrate 45 E. Sacchetti 20100 Milano Institute of Psychiatry T.C.Neylan Italy Milan University Veterans Administration Policlinico - Pad. Guardia II Highland Drive D. Pickar via F. Sforza 35 Pittsburgh, P A 15206 Cinical Neurosciences 20122 Milan USA Branch, NIMH Italy Building 10, Room 4N 214 G.Niu-Fan 9000 Rockville Pike S.Scarone Shanghai Institute of Mental Bethesda, MD 20892 Department of Psychiatry Health USA University of Milan Medical Shanghai School China M.Provenza via G.F. Besta 1 University of Milan 20161 Milano S.C. Olson Institute of Clinical Italy Department of Psychiatry Psychiatry Ohio State University Ospedale S. Paolo 473 West 12th Avenue via Di Rudini 8 Columbus, Ohio 20142 Milano USA Italy xi
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