Essentials of Clinical Pulmonology PDF
Preview Essentials of Clinical Pulmonology
Essentials of Clinical Pulmonology http://taylorandfrancis.com Essentials of Clinical Pulmonology Edited by Pallav L. Shah Felix J.F. Herth Yun Chor Gary Lee Gerard J. Criner CRCPress Taylor&FrancisGroup 6000BrokenSoundParkwayNW,Suite300 BocaRaton,FL33487-2742 ©2019byTaylor&FrancisGroup,LLC CRCPressisanimprintofTaylor&FrancisGroup,anInformabusiness NoclaimtooriginalU.S.Governmentworks Printedonacid-freepaper InternationalStandardBookNumber-13:978-1-4441-8646-8(Pack-HardbackandeBook) Thisbookcontainsinformationobtainedfromauthenticandhighlyregardedsources.Whileallreasonableeffortshavebeenmadetopublishreliabledataand information,neithertheauthor[s]northepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityorliabilityforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishers wishtomakeclearthatanyviewsoropinionsexpressedinthisbookbyindividualeditors,authorsorcontributorsarepersonaltothemanddonotnecessar- ily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers. 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VisittheTaylor&FrancisWebsiteat http://www.taylorandfrancis.com andtheCRCPressWebsiteat http://www.crcpress.com Contents Preface ix Editors xi Contributors xiii PART1 BASICSCIENCES 1 1 Lunganatomyanddevelopment 2 JonathanA.Galli,MarcS.Diamond,andGilbertE.D’Alonzo 2 Pathology 15 BeataKosmider,KarimBahmed,XuZeng,HeWang,andThomasJ.Rogers 3 Geneticsoflungdiseases 37 EmilyS.Wan PART2 CLINICALEVALUATION 43 4 History 44 SamuelKempandMarenSchuhmann 5 Clinicalexamination 49 SamuelKemp 6 Imagingtechniques 58 ArjunNairandJosephJacob 7 Non-oncologicalpulmonarynuclearmedicine 88 DeenaNerimanandLeonMenezes 8 PET–CTinoncologicalpulmonarynuclearmedicine 102 RaekhaKumarandBhupinderSharma 9 Pulmonaryfunctionandexercisetesting 113 JamesH.HullandSimonWard PART3 CLINICALPROCEDURES 127 10 Bronchoscopy 128 ZaidZoumotandDanielaGompelmann 11 Endosonographyforpulmonarydiseases:Endobronchialultrasound(EBUS)andendoscopicultrasound(EUS) 147 JoukeT.AnnemaandLaurenceCrombag 12 Pleuralprocedures 156 LukeGarskeandClaireTobin 13 Medicalthoracoscopy 175 JasonAkulianandDavidFeller-Kopman 14 Essentialsofclinicalpulmonology:Interventionalradiology 180 EvangelosSkondras,FernandoRukshan,andSimonPadley v vi Contents PART4 CLINICALASSESSMENTANDSAFETY 193 15 Fitnessforgeneralanesthesia 194 SuveerSingh 16 Fitnesstofly 199 GaryDaviesandSuveerSingh 17 Guidelinesfordrivinganddrowsiness 202 SuveerSingh PART5 THERAPIES 207 18 Pulmonaryrehabilitation 208 RichardZuWallack 19 Non-invasiveventilation 218 MarkWeir PART6 UPPERRESPIRATORYDISEASE 227 20 Theupperrespiratorytract—Allergicrhinitisandrhinosinusitiswith/withoutnasalpolyps 228 SteveDurhamandGuyScadding 21 Sleepapneaandsleepdisorderedbreathing 240 MariaElenaVegaSanchez,SamuelKrachman,andFredricJaffe PART7 AIRWAYDISEASE 249 22 Asthma 250 ColeLiberator,RobertMarron,JeffreyBarry,andKartikShenoy 23 Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease 270 MatthewGordon,PatrickMulhall,AmandeepAneja,andGerardJ.Criner 24 Bronchiectasis 291 FredricJaffe,KarlaM.Criner,andChandraDass 25 CysticFibrosis 303 NicholasJ.Simmonds,LauraJ.Sherrard,andScottC.Bell PART8 NEOPLASMS 327 26 Lungcancer 328 PallavL.ShahandTomNewsom-Davis 27 Rarelungtumorsandmetastaticdiseasetothelungs 354 BrettC.Bade,MuhammadPerwaiz,MarcA.Judson,andGerardA.Silvestri 28 Mediastinaltumors 364 DanielKörnerandHendrikDienemann PART9 INFECTION 373 29 Bacteriallunginfection 374 SimonBrill 30 Tuberculosis 384 OnnMinKonandGeorginaRussell 31 Respiratoryfungalinfection 400 AnandShah Contents vii 32 Viralinfections 418 AmeliaBercusson 33 PulmonarycomplicationsofHIVinfection 425 JuliaChoy,PallavL.Shah,andAntonPozniak PART10 DIFFUSELUNGDISEASE 437 34 Pulmonarysarcoidosis 438 PeterM.GeorgeandAtholU.Wells 35 Idiopathicpulmonaryfibrosis 448 PeterSaunders,RichardJ.Toshner,andTobyM.Maher 36 Hypersensitivitypneumonitis 460 HelenE.JoandTameraJ.Corte 37 Connectivetissuedisease-associatedinterstitiallungdisease 470 SandraChartrandandAryehFischer 38 Pulmonaryvasculitis 483 IreneJ.TanandMariaElenaVegaSanchez 39 Rarelungdiseases 492 JayH.Ryu PART11 ENVIRONMENTALANDOCCUPATIONALLUNGDISEASE 505 40 Smokingcessation 506 AditiSatti 41 Occupationallungdisease 510 JoannaSzram 42 Asbestosis,pneumoconiosis,andotheroccupationallungdiseases 522 ErinR.Narewski,ScottSimpson,JosephRamzy,JenniferKraft,andRichardNgo 43 Drug-inducedlungdiseaseandradiation-induceddisease 533 ErinR.NarewskiandScottSimpson PART12 MEDIASTINALDISEASE 545 44 Mediastinaldisease 546 SeyerSafiandMarenSchuhmann PART13 PLEURALDISEASE 551 45 Pleuraldiseases 552 MuhammadRedzwanS.RashidAli,JoséM.Porcel,CoenraadF.N.Koegelenberg,RobertJ.Hallifax, NickA.Maskell,andYunChorGaryLee 46 Malignantpleuralmesothelioma 577 SuLynLeong,HelenE.Davies,andYunChorGaryLee PART14 PULMONARYVASCULARDISEASE 589 47 Pulmonaryhypertensionandotherdisordersofthepulmonaryvasculature 590 PeterM.George,LauraPrice,andS.JohnWort 48 Pulmonaryembolism 609 MichaelKreuterandBenjaminEgenlauf viii Contents PART15 CRITICALCARE 621 49 Acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome(ARDS) 622 LaurieE.Kilpatrick,ChandraDass,HeWang,andGerardJ.Criner 50 Infectionsincriticalcare:Ventilator-associatedpneumonia 632 DanielSalerno PART16 DEVELOPMENTALDISORDERS 639 51 Developmentaldisordersinadults 640 AndrewBush PART17 RESPIRATORYMANIFESTATIONSOFEXTRAPULMONARYDISEASE 647 52 Bonemarrowtransplantationandhematologicaldisorders 648 ChloeAnthiasandMichaelN.Potter 53 Skeletaldisordersandneuromusculardisease 660 AnitaK.Simonds 54 Cardiovasculardisease 667 ReshamBaruahandRakeshSharma 55 Pulmonaryrenalsyndromes 691 AronChakeraandChrisO’Callaghan Answers 698 Index 702 Preface There are a number of substantial reference respiratory global textbook representative of the highest international textbooksavailable,butwewantedtodevelopanewformat standards expected from pulmonary medicine. Without that would be suitable for a wider audience. There is sub- their perseverance and dedication, there would be no final stantial evidence that visual images are important for product. I would also like to thank their families for their learning, and also information needs to be in a concise patience and sacrifice, as we are only too aware of the sac- formatduetothepressuresoftimethatweallface.Withthis rifices all our families have made in our advancement of inmind,wehavetriedtodevelopatextbookforpulmonary medicine and allowing us to ensure that the knowledge is medicine that will cater to doctors and nurses in training, disseminated promptly. throughtothespecialistwhowouldlikeaquickrefresheror Finally, a new book of this size with a novel approach a concise reference textbook. We have developed a more always requires patience, and this particular book has visual approach to this textbook with numerous figures, evolved with three editorial teams. We would like to thank radiologicalimages,algorithmsfordiseasemanagement,and Caroline Makepeace in believing in our vision and starting text boxes highlighting key learning points. We have also the project, Alice Oven and then Gabriel Schenk for their incorporated case studies that emphasize and reinforce persistence andensuring thatthe projectcomes tofruition. key learning points and important approaches to disease management. Pallav L.Shah We would like to thank all the contributing authors Felix J.F. Herth for their contribution. The authors originate from leading YunChor Gary Lee hospitals across four continents, making this textbook a Gerard J.Criner ix
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