ERIC ED407135: Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community.

145 Pages·1996·1.9 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
PS 025 368
ED 407 135
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases. Training Guides
TITLE
for the Head Start Learning Community.
Bowman (James) Associates, San Francisco, CA.
INSTITUTION
Administration for Children, Youth, and Families (DHHS),
SPONS AGENCY
Washington, DC. Head Start Bureau.
ISBN-0-16-042681-2
REPORT NO
PUB DATE
96
144p.; For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, ED
NOTE
398 220-222, and PS 025 367-376.
105-93-1578
CONTRACT
U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
AVAILABLE FROM
Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
Non-Classroom (055)
PUB TYPE Guides
MF01/PC06 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
*Child Health; Children; Cleaning; *Communicable Diseases;
DESCRIPTORS
*Disease Control; Diseases; *Health Education; Health
Services; Parent Role; Parents; Physical Health; Preschool
Education; Resource Materials; *School Health Services; Sick
Child Care; Staff Development; Training Methods; Workshops
*Health Information; *Project Head Start
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
This training guide is intended to improve the skills of
Head Start staff and families in dealing with communicable diseases. The
guide addresses attitudes toward communicable diseases, how to reduce the
spread of disease, and how to recognize and manage illnesses more
effectively. The guide consists of six working sections. The first three are
training modules. Each module details learning opportunities, expected
outcomes, key concepts, background information, questions for discussion and
reflection, activities, points to consider, and next steps. Module 1
addresses understanding communicable diseases, and includes experience with
and understanding of communicable diseases, working with people of diverse
beliefs, and how communicable diseases spread. Module 2 addresses preventing
communicable diseases, and includes hand washing, gloving, checking on
infection control, and fresh air. Module 3 addresses recognizing and managing
communicable diseases. Topics addressed include daily health checks, managing
communicable diseases, and assessing ill children. The fourth section of the
guide addresses continuing professional development issues to help Head Start
staff develop their skills in preventing, recognizing, managing and learning
about communicable diseases. The fifth section contains resources including
books, manuals, videos, newsletters, and national organizations. The sixth
section is an appendix of fact sheets on communicable diseases ranging from
chicken pox to tuberculosis.
(SD)
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*
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
*
*
from the original document.
*
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER (ERIC)
This document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
originating it.
Minor changes have been made to
improve reproduction quality.
Points of view or opinions stated in this
document do not necessarily represent
HEAD START
official OERI position or policy.
Training Guides for the
Head Start Learning Community
Preventing & Managing
Communicable Diseases
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BEST COPY AVAILABLE
HEAD START®
Preventing & Managing
Communicable Diseases
Training Guides for the
Head Start Learning Community
J U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
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Administration for Children and Families
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Administration on Children, Youth and Families
Head Start Bureau
For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328
ISBN 0-16-042681-2
This national training guide was developed by James Bowman Associates, San Francisco,
California, under contract #105-93-1578 of the Head Start Bureau, Administration for
Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services.
Photo courtesy of Fruitvale Head Start, Oakland, Ca.
1996
Contents
Preface
ix
Introduction
1
Overview
1
Purpose
Audience
Head Start Program Performance Standards
Orientation to the Guide
2
Definition of Icons
3
At A Glance
4
Module 1
7
Understanding Communicable Diseases
7
Outcomes
7
Key Concepts
7
Background Information
7
Questions for Discussion/ Reflection
11
Activity 1: Who Has Had This Experience?
12
Activity 2: What Do We Think?
14
Activity 3: Working with People with Diverse Beliefs
16
Activity 4: How Communicable Diseases Spread
18
Key to Activity 4 A: Communicable Disease in Children
21
Key to Activity 4 B: How Communicable Diseases Spread
22
Activity 5: Spreading Germs
23
Next Steps: Ideas to Extend Practice
25
Handout A: Who Has Had This Experience?
27
Handout B: What Do We Think?
28
Module 2
29
Preventing Communicable Diseases
29
29
Outcomes
29
Key concepts
29
Background Information
36
Questions for Discussion/Reflection
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases
Contents
Activity 1: Hand Washing: Doing It Right
37
Activity 2: The Art of Gloving
40
Activity 3: Checking Up on Infection Control
43
Activity 4: Why Is Everyone Sick?
45
Key to Activity 4: Why Is Everyone Sick?
48
Activity 5: Let's Have a Picnic
49
Activity 6: Promoting Fresh Air
51
Next Steps: Ideas to Extend Practice
53
Handout C: Hand Washing
55
Handout D: Gloving
56
Handout E-1: Hand Washing Checklist
57
Handout E-2: Diapering Checklist
59
Handout E-3: Cleaning & Disinfecting Checklist
61
Handout E-4: Food Handling Checklist
63
Handout F-1: Why Is Everyone Sick?
65
Handout F-2: Why Is Everyone Sick?
66
Handout G: Air Quality
67
Module 3
69
Recognizing & Managing Communicable Diseases
69
Outcomes
69
Key Concepts
69
Background Information
69
Questions for Discussion/Reflection
76
Activity 1: The Daily Health Check
77
Key to Activity 1: Does the Child Look Sick?
79
Activity 2: Assessing the Child Who Is
Twenty Questions
80
Key to Activity 2: Crystal's Story
83
Activity 3: What Would You Do?
84
Key to Activity 3: Managing Communicable Diseases:
Ten Steps to Consider
87
Activity 4: Handling an Outbreak
88
Next Steps: Ideas to Extend Practice
90
Handout H: Daily Health Check
91
Handout I: Symptom Record
92
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases
vi
Contents
Handout J: Does the Child Look Sick?
93
Handout K: When a Child Is Too Sick to Attend
94
Handout L: What Would You Do?
95
Handout M-1: Handling an Outbreak
96
Handout M-2: Handling an Outbreak
97
Continuing Professional Development
99
Resources
101
Books & Manuals
101
Videos
105
Newsletters
106
National Organizations
107
Appendix
109
Communicable Disease Fact Sheets
109
Chicken Pox
109
Colds and Flu
110
Conjunctivitis
111
Cytomegalovirus
112
Fifth Disease
113
Giardias is
114
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Syndrome
115
Head Lice
116
Hepatitis A
117
Hepatitis B
118
Herpes
120
HIV/AIDS
121
Impetigo
122
Infectious Diarrhea
123
Measles
125
Meningitis
127
Mumps
128
Pertussis
129
Pinworms
130
Ringworm
131
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases
vii
Contents
Roseola
132
Rubella
133
Scabies
134
Streptococcal Infections
135
Tuberculosis
136
a
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases
viii
Preface
The spread of communicable diseases is a fact of life in Head Start.
Illnesses spread because children have close contact and naturally explore
their environment by touching and putting things in their mouths. The
demands of supervising children, wiping noses, diapering, preparing
meals, and tending to injuries make practicing good hygiene all the time
challenging for staff and parents.
When their children are sick, parents often feel caughtthey want to care
for their sick children, but they might lose their jobs if they miss too many
days of work. Children may be brought to school sick, increasing the
spread of illness and the burden on staff.
The spread of communicable diseases in Head Start has a big impact on
the health and well-being of children, families, and staff. Victor tells his
story:
"My son Ivan has been so sick since he started school in September. He's
had a constant cold and one ear infection after another. He's been on
antibiotics all winter long. They're saying that all the ear infections might
damage his hearing, so the doctor is talking about surgery to put tubes in
his ears to stop the infections. Several other children in the class are in the
keep the
same situation. I only wish there was something we could do to
kids healthier."
The spread of communicable diseases can be reduced. This guide,
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases, helps inform Head
Start programs about steps they can take to prevent and manage
communicable diseases more effectively. Communication and
cooperation must be established among program staff, parents, and health
professionals. Programs must develop clear health policies and a plan for
teaching staff, parents, and children about communicable diseases.
The concepts and activities in this guide build on each other. For a
comprehensive approach, users should proceed from the beginning to the
end. However, the learning activities can be adapted to your own
situation. For example, you may adapt a workshop activity to coaching or
insert stories from your own program.
Training materials are effective only when they are applied to the
everyday work setting. Knowledge and skills that are developed in
training must be supported by follow-up activities. The guide contains
sections entitled "Next Steps" and "Continuing Professional
Development" to help users design long-term learning plans.
10
ix
Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases