Environmentally Sustainable Livestock Production

292 Pages·3.691 MB·English

by  Ilkka Leinonen

Environmentally
Sustainable
Livestock
Production
Edited by
Ilkka Leinonen
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Sustainability
www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
Environmentally Sustainable Livestock
Production

Environmentally Sustainable Livestock
Production
SpecialIssueEditor
IlkkaLeinonen
MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade
SpecialIssueEditor
IlkkaLeinonen
Scotland’sRuralCollege
UK
EditorialOffice
MDPI
St.Alban-Anlage66
4052Basel,Switzerland
This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal
Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/
sustainability/specialissues/EnvironmentallySustainableLivestockProduction)
Forcitationpurposes,citeeacharticleindependentlyasindicatedonthearticlepageonlineandas
indicatedbelow:
LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber,
PageRange.
ISBN978-3-03897-552-6 (Pbk)
ISBN978-3-03897-553-3 (PDF)
(cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative
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publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum
disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications.
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Contents
AbouttheSpecialIssueEditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Prefaceto”EnvironmentallySustainableLivestockProduction” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
IlkkaLeinonen
AchievingEnvironmentallySustainableLivestockProduction
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2019,11,246,doi:10.3390/su11010246. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
NathanPelletier,MauriceDoyon,BruceMuirhead,TinaWidowski,JodeyNurse-Guptaand
MichelleHunniford
SustainabilityintheCanadianEggIndustry—LearningfromthePast,NavigatingthePresent,
PlanningfortheFuture
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3524,doi:10.3390/su10103524 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
NathanPelletier
SocialSustainabilityAssessmentofCanadianEggProductionFacilities:Methods,Analysis,and
Recommendations
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,1601,doi:10.3390/su10051601 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
TianyiCai,DegangYang,XinhuanZhang,FuqiangXiaandRongweiWu
Study on the Vertical Linkage of Greenhouse Gas Emission Intensity Change of the Animal
HusbandrySectorbetweenChinaandItsProvinces
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,2492,doi:10.3390/su10072492 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Erasmus K.H.J. zu Ermgassen, Melquesedek Pereira de Alcaˆntara, Andrew Balmford,
Luis Barioni, Francisco Beduschi Neto, Murilo M. F. Bettarello, Genivaldo de Brito,
GabrielC.Carrero,EduardodeA.S.Florence,EdeniseGarcia,EduardoTrevisanGonc¸alves,
CasioTrajanodaLuz,GiovanniM.Mallman,BernardoB.N.Strassburg,JudsonF.Valentim
andAgnieszkaLatawiec
ResultsfromOn-The-GroundEffortstoPromoteSustainableCattleRanchingintheBrazilian
Amazon
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,1301,doi:10.3390/su10041301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
AnaBeatrizSantosandMarcosHeilCosta
DoLargeSlaughterhousesPromoteSustainableIntensificationofCattleRanchinginAmazonia
andtheCerrado?
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3266,doi:10.3390/su10093266 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Mar´ıaI.Nieto,OliviaBarrantes,LilianaPrivitelloandRamo´nReine´
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Grazing Systems in Semi-Arid Rangelands of Central
Argentina
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,4228,doi:10.3390/su10114228 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
GwendolynRudolph,StefanHo¨rtenhuber,DavideBochicchio,GillianButler,
Roland Brandhofer, Sabine Dippel, Jean Yves Dourmad, Sandra Edwards, Barbara Fru¨h,
MatthiasMeier,ArmellePrunier,ChristophWinckler,WernerZollitschandChristineLeeb
EffectofThreeHusbandrySystemsonEnvironmentalImpactofOrganicPigs
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3796,doi:10.3390/su10103796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
v
IlkkaLeinonen,MichaelMacLeodandJulianBell
Effects of Alternative Uses of Distillery By-Products on the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of
ScottishMaltWhiskyProduction:ASystemExpansionApproach
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,1473,doi:10.3390/su10051473 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Cristina Ullrich, Marion Langeheine, Ralph Brehm, Venja Taube, Diana Siebert and
ChristianVisscher
Influence of Reduced Protein Content in Complete Diets with a Consistent Arginine–Lysine
RatioonPerformanceandNitrogenExcretioninBroilers
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3827,doi:10.3390/su10113827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
HenrikSaxe,LorieHamelin,TorbenHinrichsenandHenrikWenzel
Production of Pig Feed under Future Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations: Changes in Crop
Content and Chemical Composition, Land Use, Environmental Impact, and Socio-Economic
Consequences
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3184,doi:10.3390/su10093184 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Katrin Gerlach, Alexander J. Schmithausen, Ansgar C. H. Sommer, Manfred Trimborn,
WolfgangBu¨scherandKarl-HeinzSu¨dekum
CattleDietsStronglyAffectNitrousOxideintheRumen
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3679,doi:10.3390/su10103679 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
MichaelMacLeod,VeraEory,WilliamWint,AlexandraShaw,PierreJ.Gerber,
GiulianoCecchi,RaffaeleMattioli,AlasdairSykesandTimothyRobinson
Assessing the Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Effect of Removing Bovine Trypanosomiasis in
EasternAfrica
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,1633,doi:10.3390/su10051633 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Ricarda Maria Schmithausen, Sophia Veronika Schulze-Geisthoevel, Ce´line Heinemann,
GabrieleBierbaum,MartinExner,BrigittePetersenandJuliaSteinhoff-Wagner
ReservoirsandTransmissionPathwaysofResistantIndicatorBacteriaintheBiotopePigStable
andalongtheFoodChain:AReviewfromaOneHealthPerspective
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3967,doi:10.3390/su10113967 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
MarcoBaldi,MariaCristinaCollivignarelli,AlessandroAbba`andIlariaBenigna
TheValorizationofAmmoniainManureDigestatebyMeansofAlternativeStrippingReactors
Reprintedfrom:Sustainability2018,10,3073,doi:10.3390/su10093073 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
vi
About the Special Issue Editor
Ilkka Leinonen (Dr) works at the Department of Rural Economy, Environment and Society at
Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), United Kingdom. He obtained his PhD from the University of
Joensuu(Finland)in1997andhassincethencarriedoutagricultural,ecological,andenvironmental
research, with a main interest in quantitative methodologies, especially process-based modelling
of ecosystem carbon, water, and nutrient dynamics. During recent years, he has mainly
focusedontheenvironmentalsustainabilityofagriculturalproductionsystems, usingandfurther
developingmethodsoflifecycleassessment(LCA)toquantifygreenhousegasemissionsandother
environmentalimpactsofagricultureandtoinvestigatemitigationstrategiesinthelivestocksector,
forexample,throughchangesinfeeding,breeding,housing,andmanuremanagement. Hisother
expertiseincludesecophysiologicalplantandanimalmodelling,physicalenergybalancemodelling,
andmethodsforimageanalysisandremotesensing.
vii

Preface to ”Environmentally Sustainable Livestock
Production”
Livestock production is a major global source of greenhouse gas emissions and it is also
associated with other environmental issues, such as ammonia emissions and regional nutrient
imbalances. ThisSpecialIssuepresents14scientificpapersassessingmeasuresthataimtoimprove
theenvironmentalsustainabilityoflivestockproductionandtomitigateitsenvironmentalimpacts.
Globally, the most important livestock species (beef and dairy cattle, pigs, broiler chicken and
layinghens)arecoveredinthepapers. Thescopeofthepapersrangesfromfarmlevelmitigation
methodstonationallevelsystemchanges. Ingeneral,mostofthepapersidentifytheefficiencyof
productionasakeyfactoraffectingtheemissionsarisingfromthelivestocksector. Inmanystudies,
holistic approaches, such as environmental life cycle assessment, are used to assess the possible
improvements in emission intensity, and the required links to other dimensions of sustainability,
for example, using the methodology of social life cycle assessment, are also demonstrated in this
SpecialIssue.
IlkkaLeinonen
SpecialIssueEditor
ix