Table Of Content

Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work, Volumes 1 & 2 Edited by Melissa Hope Ditmore Greenwood Press ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PROSTITUTION AND SEX WORK Advisory Board Laura Agustín School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom Priscilla Alexander Co-editor of Sex Work Elizabeth Bernstein Associate Professor of Sociology and Women’s Studies at Barnard College, Columbia University Andrew Hunter Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers Kamala Kempadoo Associate Professor in Social Science at York University, Canada Helen J. Self, Ph.D. Historian and writer Nancy M. Wingfield Associate Professor of History at Northern Illinois University ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PROSTITUTION AND SEX WORK Volume 1 A–N Edited by Melissa Hope Ditmore GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London CHAPTERS OPEN RECTO AND VERSO! Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Encyclopedia of prostitution and sex work / edited by Melissa Hope Ditmore. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–32968–0 (set) — ISBN 0–313–32969–9 (vol. 1) — ISBN 0–313–32970–2 (vol. 2) 1. Prostitution—Encyclopedias. 2. Sex-oriented businesses—Encyclopedias. HQ115.E53 2006 306.7403—dc22 2006010227 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2006 by Melissa Hope Ditmore All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2006010227 ISBN: 0–313–32968–0 (set) 0–313–32969–9 (vol. 1) 0–313–32970–2 (vol. 2) First published in 2006 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Copyright Acknowledgments The editor and publisher gratefully acknowledge permission for the use of the following material: A more extensive version of Kerwin Kaye’s entry on Male Prostitution was published in the Journal of Homosexuality 46, no. 1/2 (2003) under the title “Male Prostitution in the Twentieth Century: Pseudohomosexuals, Hoodlum Homo- sexuals, and Exploited Teens.” Alison Murray’s entries on Forced Prostitution and Tourism are edited excerpts from Pink Fits: Sex, Subcultures and Dis- courses in the Asia-Pacific (Clayton, Australia: Monash Asia Institute, 2001), used with permission from the author. Randall Platt’s entry on Slang is extracted from her forthcoming Slangmaster. Gail Pheterson’s entry on Stigma is excerpted from “The Whore Stigma: Crimes of Unchastity,” in her book The Prostitu- tion Prism (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 1996, 65–89). Stephanie Wahab’s entry on Diversion Programs is an edited excerpt from “Evaluating the Usefulness of a Prostitution Diversion Project,” Qualitative Social Work, in press, with permission from Sage Publications. The entry on Feminism is a excerpted from Melissa Ditmore, “Trafficking and Prostitution: A Problematic Conflation” (PhD diss., City University of New York, 2002), with permission of the author. Excerpts from A Guide to Best Practice Occupational Health and Safety in the Australian Sex Industry, Scarlet Alliance and the Australian Federation of AIDS Organizations, 2000. http://www.scarletalliance.org.au/pub/ are reprinted with permission from the Scarlet Alliance. CHAPTERS OPEN RECTO AND VERSO! To the memory of my brother, Jonathan Levi Ditmore, and my mentor and colleague, Paulo Longo CONTENTS Alphabetical List of Entries ix Topical List of Entries xv Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Introduction xxv Timeline xxxiii The Encyclopedia 1 Appendixes of Primary Resources 557 Appendix A. Historical Accounts 557 1. Prostitution in London (1862) 557 2. “The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon” (1885) 578 3. “The Traffic in Women” (1910) 595 4. “Hikite-jaya” (“Introducing Tea-Houses”) (1899) 602 Appendix B. Poems and Lyrics 608 5. “Le Crépuscule du Soir” (“Evening Twilight”) (1861) 608 6. “Jenny” (1870) 610 7. “To a Common Prostitute” (1900) 619 8. “The Ruined Maid” (1901) 620 9. “Frankie and Johnnie” (early 1900s) 620 10. “The House of the Rising Sun” (1937) 623 Appendix C. Documents by Sex Workers 625 11. World Charter for Prostitutes’ Rights (1985) 625 12. Sex Workers’ Manifesto (1997) 627 viii CONTENTS 13. Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers Code of Practice for Working with Peer Educators (2004) 634 14. Documents from the European Conference on Sex Work, Human Rights, Labour and Migration (2005) 636 15. Occupational Health and Safety in the Australian Sex Industry (2000) 654 Appendix D. Legal Documents and Commentary 660 16. The Mann Act (1910) 660 17. The 1949 Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others 663 18. International Human Rights Standards and the Rights of Sex Workers (2005) 670 19. On Laws Affecting Sex Workers (2003, 2005) 680 20. “Crime, Sex, Money and Migration: The Negotiations on the United Nations Protocol on Trafficking in Persons” (2003) 686 21. What Is “Demand” in the Context of Trafficking in Persons? 700 Selected Bibliography 703 Index 753 About the Editor, Advisors, and Contributors 773 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ENTRIES Abolition Attitudes toward Prostitution, Abolitionism Sociopsychological Abortion Augustine, Saint Abstinence Auletris Acton, William Australia and New Zealand Actresses Australian Mace Scandal Addams, Jane Ballet Addiction Bangkok Adler, Polly Barr, Candy African Literature, Postcolonial Bellocq, Ernest J. Ah Toy Bible Alcohol and Drinking Establishments Blue Books American Literature Blues American West, 19th Century Brady, “Diamond Jim” Amsterdam Brel, Jacques Anatomical Museums British Literature The Anatomie of Abuses Brothel Tokens Ancient Rome Brothels Ancient World Butler, Josephine Aquinas, Thomas Call Girls Arab Gulf Camp Followers Arab Mediterranean Canadian Literature Artists’ Models Caribbean Asociacion de Trabajadora Autónomas “22 Central America de Junio” de El ORO Central and East Africa