Employment and Skills Strategies in Slovenia

96 Pages·2017·3.726 MB·English

by  Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation O
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Employment and Skills Strategies in Slovenia D
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With the rising economic importance of human resources and skills, employment and training agencies are w OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
now often expected to play a more important role in local strategies to support new job creation, facilitate s
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restructuring and increase productivity. The OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) n
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Programme has developed a series of Reviews on Local Job Creation to examine the contribution of local o Employment and Skills
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labour market policy to boosting quality employment and enhancing productivity. a
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This report takes a case study approach, analysing the management and implementation of policies o Strategies in Slovenia
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in the Drava and South-East regions of Slovenia. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of C
the local labour market policy in matching people to jobs, engaging employers in skills development activities, r
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as well as fostering new growth and economic development opportunities. It includes practical policy examples a
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of actions taken in Slovenia to help workers fi nd better quality jobs, while also stimulating productivity and io
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Consult this publication on line at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264278929-en. e
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ISBN 978-92-64-27891-2
9HSTCQE*chijbc+
84 2017 03 1 P

OECD Employment
and Skills Strategies
in Slovenia
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PREFACE
Preface
W
hileSloveniawasseverelyhitbytheglobalfinancialcrisis,thegovernmentresponded
withanumberofreformsaimedatsupportingdomesticgrowthanddemand.Labourmarket
conditionsareimprovingandtheeconomicrecoverythatstartedtotakeeffectin2014has
helpedtobringunemploymentdownto8.0%in2016fromapeakof10%in2013.However,
vulnerabilitiesremaininthelabourmarket,particularlyinviewofthelowparticipationrate
of older workers and the prevalence of skills shortages and mismatches in certain
occupations.Forthesereasons,implementingeffectiveemploymentandskillsstrategiesat
thelocalleveliskeytostimulateinclusivegrowthandgeneratemoreandbetterqualityjobs
forallSlovenians.
Over recent years, the work of the OECD LEED Programme on Designing Local Skills
Strategies, Building Flexibility andAccountability into Local Employment Services, Breaking out of
PolicySilos,LeveragingTrainingandSkillsDevelopmentinSMEs,andSkillsforCompetitivenesshas
demonstratedthatlocalstrategiestoboostskillsandjobcreationrequiretheparticipationof
many different actors across employment, training, economic development, and social
welfare portfolios. Employers, unions and the non-profit sector are also key partners in
ensuring that education and training programmes provide the skills needed in the labour
marketsoftodayandthefuture.
The series of OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation deliver evidence-based and practical
recommendationsonhowtobettersupportemploymentandeconomicdevelopmentatthe
locallevel.ThisreportonSloveniatakesacasestudyapproach,analysingthemanagement
andimplementationofpoliciesintheDravaandSouth-EastregionsofSlovenia.Itprovides
acomparativeframeworktounderstandtheroleoflocallabourmarketpolicyinmatching
peopletojobs,engagingemployersinskillsdevelopmentactivities,aswellasfosteringnew
growth and economic development opportunities. It includes practical policy examples of
actions taken in Slovenia to help workers find better quality jobs, while also stimulating
productivityandinclusion.
Going forward, the government should seek opportunities to work closer with
employerstostrengthentheirownershipoftheemploymentandskillsdevelopmentsystem.
Publicprocurementpolicies,targetedfinancingmechanisms(e.g.trainingsubsidiesandtax
credits) as well as local anchor institutions can play an important role in encouraging
employers to adopt high-performance workplace practices and create incremental
innovationwithinalocaleconomy.Itisalsoimportanttobetterjoin-upactivitiestopromote
betterqualityjobs.LocalpublicemploymentservicesinSloveniacanplayastrongerrolein
coordinating programmes among training providers and economic development agencies.
The Slovenian Ministry of Labour, Family, SocialAffairs and Equal Opportunities and the
Government Office for Development and European Cohesion Policy should be warmly
thanked for their active participation and support of the study, and for their ongoing
partnershipswiththeOECD.
OECDEMPLOYMENTANDSKILLSSTRATEGIESINSLOVENIA©OECD2017 3
FOREWORD
Foreword
T
his report was prepared as part of the Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
ProgrammewithintheCentreforEntrepreneurship,SMEs,LocalDevelopment,andTourism(CFE)of
the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It has been undertaken in
co-operation with the Slovenian Ministry of Labour, Family, SocialAffairs and Equal Opportunities.
SpecialthanksshouldbegiventoMsUrškaKovač-Zlobko,withinthisMinistryaswellasMrGorazd
JenkowithintheGovernmentOfficeforDevelopmentandEUCohesionPolicyfortheircontributionsto
thisreportandparticipationintheOECDstudyvisits.
SpecialthanksarealsoduetothelocalstakeholdersineachofthecasestudyareasofDrava
andSouth-EastSloveniawhoparticipatedinmeetingsandprovideddocumentationandcomments
criticaltothisproject.
ThisprojecthasbeencoordinatedbyJonathanBarr(HeadoftheEmploymentandSkillsUnit),
whowasalsooneoftheprincipalauthorsofthisreport,underthedirectionofSylvainGiguère,Head
of the LEED Division. The other principal authors are Tjaša Redek (University of Ljubljana) and
AnnaRubin(OECD).MichelaMeghnagi(OECD)andPierreGeorgin(OECD)providedvaluablestatistical
anddataanalysissupport.ThanksalsogotoFrançoisIglesias(OECD)forproductionassistanceand
JanineTreves(OECD)andAngelaAttrey(OECD)forusefuleditorialsupport.
4 OECDEMPLOYMENTANDSKILLSSTRATEGIESINSLOVENIA©OECD2017
TABLEOFCONTENTS
Table of contents
Acronymsandabbreviations................................................. 8
Executivesummary......................................................... 9
Reader’sguide ............................................................. 12
Chapter1.PolicycontextforemploymentandskillsinSlovenia .................. 15
Economicandlabourmarkettrends....................................... 16
Educationandskills..................................................... 18
Nationalpolicycontext:Increasingcompetitivenessandgrowth .............. 20
Employmentpoliciesandprogrammes..................................... 22
EmploymentServices.................................................... 24
Vocationaleducationandtrainingpolicies ................................. 26
Economicdevelopmentandregionalgovernance............................ 27
Note................................................................... 29
References ............................................................. 29
Chapter2.OverviewoftheSloveniancasestudyareas........................... 33
OverviewoftheDravaandSouth-EastSloveniaregions ...................... 34
Balancebetweenskillssupplyanddemandatthesub-nationallevel........... 39
References ............................................................. 41
Chapter3.LocalJobCreationdashboardfindingsinSlovenia..................... 43
Theme1:Betteraligningpolicyandprogrammestolocaleconomicdevelopment .. 45
Theme2:Addingvaluethroughskills...................................... 53
Theme3:Targetingpolicytolocalemploymentsectorsandinvesting
inqualityjobs .......................................................... 63
Theme4:Beinginclusive................................................. 68
References ............................................................. 76
Chapter4.TowardsanactionplanforjobsinSlovenia:Recommendations
andbestpractices ...................................................... 79
Betteraligningprogrammesandpoliciestolocaleconomicdevelopment....... 80
Addingvaluethroughskills .............................................. 84
Targetingpolicytolocalemploymentsectorsandinvestinginqualityjobs...... 89
Beinginclusive ......................................................... 91
References ............................................................. 92
Tables
1.1. IndicatorsforMainGoals............................................. 26
2.1. Overviewofthecasestudyregions..................................... 37
OECDEMPLOYMENTANDSKILLSSTRATEGIESINSLOVENIA©OECD2017 5
TABLEOFCONTENTS
3.1. NumberofunemployedinSlovenia,case-loadspercounsellingpersonnel .. 48
3.2. PEScollaborationwithotherstakeholders............................... 50
3.3. Overviewofparentalrights ........................................... 72
3.4. OverviewofYouthGuaranteepathwaytoemployment ................... 73
Figures
1.1. Growthratesofkeyeconomicindicators(%),2000-15..................... 16
1.2. UnemploymentrateacrossOECDcountries,aged15-64,2015.............. 17
1.3. Youthunemploymentrate(15-24)acrossOECDcountries,2015 ............ 18
1.4. Shareofthepopulationbyeducationalattainment,aged25-64,2015 ....... 19
1.5. Meanliteracyandnumeracyscores,OECDSurveyofAdultSkills(PIAAC),
selectedOECDcountriesandOECDaverage ............................. 20
1.6. GeographicalorganisationsoftheEmploymentServicesofSlovenia(ESS)
andNUTS3statisticalregions ......................................... 25
1.7. Publicexpenditureonactiveandpassivelabourmarketmeasures(LMP)
asapercentageofGDP,2014 .......................................... 25
1.8. Slovenianregions.................................................... 28
1.9. Unemploymentratebyregion,2008and2015............................ 29
1.10. Indexofgrossaveragemonthlyearningsbyregion(Slovenia=100),2015.... 29
2.1. GDPpercapitaindex,Slovenianregions(Slovenia=100),2015............. 34
2.2. RegionalGDPannualaveragegrowthrate,2001-07and2008-14 ............ 36
2.3. Registeredunemploymentinselectedregions........................... 38
2.4. Unemploymentratebyagegroups,selectedSlovenianregions,
2010and2015....................................................... 38
2.5. Educationalstructureofemployedbyregion,2005-15..................... 38
2.6. Understandingtherelationshipbetweenskillssupplyanddemand ........ 39
2.7. BalancingSkillsSupplyandDemandinSlovenia,2013.................... 40
2.8. BalanceofSkillsSupplyandDemandinSlovenia,2013 ................... 41
3.1. LocaljobcreationdashboardresultsforSlovenia......................... 44
3.2. Dashboardresultsforbetteraligningpolicyandprogrammestolocal
economicdevelopment............................................... 45
3.3. RegionalandlocalbarrierstoPublicEmploymentServices(PES)
performanceimprovements........................................... 47
3.4. Dashboardresultsforaddingvaluethroughskills........................ 53
3.5. Participationrateineducationandtraining(previous4weeks),
aged18-64,2015..................................................... 56
3.6. Skillsthatthecandidatesaremissingaccordingtolocalemployers,2015.... 57
3.7. TheresponsivenessofPublicEmploymentServicestolocalemployerneeds.... 58
3.8. Publicexpenditureonactivelabourmarketprogrammes(as%orGDP),2013 ... 61
3.9. Dashboardresultsfortargetingpolicytolocalemploymentsectors
andinvestinginqualityjobs .......................................... 63
3.10. Dashboardresultsforbeinginclusive................................... 68
3.11. ShareofYouthNotinEducation,EmploymentorTraining(NEET),agegroup
15-24,2015.......................................................... 73
3.12. ImmigrationtoSlovenia:numberofimmigrants,1990-2015 ............... 75
6 OECDEMPLOYMENTANDSKILLSSTRATEGIESINSLOVENIA©OECD2017
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ACRONYMSANDABBREVIATIONS
Acronyms and abbreviations
ALMP ActiveLabourMarketPolicy
CPI CenterRSzaPoklicnoIzobraževalnih[InstituteoftheRepublicofSlovenia
forVocationalEducationandTraining]
CVET ContinuingVocationalEducationTraining
ESS EmploymentServiceoftheRepublicofSlovenia
FDI ForeignDirectInvestment
IMAD InstituteforEconomicResearchandDevelopment
LMP LabourMarketPolicy
MIC MedpodjetniškiIzobraževalniCentre[Inter-companytrainingcentres]
NEET NotinEmploymentEducationorTraining
NUTS NomenclatureofTerritorialUnitsforStatistics
NVQ NationalVocationalQualifications
PES PublicEmploymentService
SIAE SlovenianInstituteforAdultEducation
SME SmallandMediumsizedEnterprises
SORS StatisticalofficeoftheRepublicofSlovenia
VET VocationalEducationandTraining
8 OECDEMPLOYMENTANDSKILLSSTRATEGIESINSLOVENIA©OECD2017