effectiveness of teachers performance appraisal feedback in secondary education performance

94 Pages·2015·0.7 MB·English

EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHERS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
FEEDBACK IN SECONDARY EDUCATION PERFORMANCE:
THE CASE OF SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN
BUKOBA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL
EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHERS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
FEEDBACK IN SECONDARY EDUCATION PERFORMANCE:
THE CASE OF SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BUKOBA
MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

By

Adelina Karugaba

A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
Degree of Master of Business Administration – Corporate Management (MBA-
CM) of Mzumbe University
2015
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CERTIFICATION

We, the undersigned, certify that we have read and hereby recommend for acceptance
by the Mzumbe University, a dissertation entitled Effectiveness of Teachers‟
Performance Appraisal Feedback in Secondary Education Performance: The case of
selected Public Secondary Schools in Bukoba Municipal Council, in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for award of the degree of Masters of Business Administration –
Corporate Management (MBA – CM) of Mzumbe University.

_____________________________________
Major Supervisor

_____________________________________
Internal Examiner

Accepted for the Board of ………………………………..

___________________________________________________________
DEAN/DIRECTOR, FACULTY/DIRECTORATE/SCHOOL/BOARD

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DECLARATION

I, Adelina Karugaba, declare that this dissertation is my own original work to the best
of my knowledge and that it has been submitted to Mzumbe University as a partial
fulfillment for the award of Masters of Business Administration – Corporate
Management degree and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any
other University for similar or any other degree award.

Signature

Date ______________________________________

COPYRIGHT

©
This dissertation is a copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, the
copyright Act 1999 and other international and national enactments, in that behalf, on
intellectual property. It may not be reproduced by any means in full or in part, except
for short extracts in fair dealings, for research or private study, critical scholarly review
or discourse with an acknowledgement, without the written permission of Mzumbe
University, on behalf of the author.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I give thank to Almighty God for his abundant grace, guidance,
strengths and wisdom that he has given me throughout my study.
My sincere gratitude goes to my supervisor Mr. Kitilla, S. of School of Business-
Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship for his untiring mentorship, his
perpetual encouragement, his critical inputs and sacrifice of time to guide me from the
beginning to the conclusion of this Dissertation writing. His close supervision and
efforts made this work complete. For this, I am very grateful for your patience and time
through up to the very end. I dearly thank you very much.
I also extend my sincere appreciation to my research methodology lecturers Dr. Kato,
Dr. Hawa and Dr. Lukanima of School of Business Mzumbe University for technical
support they provided, without forgetting all the lecturers who devoted their time to
make sure we complete our coursework within the required time.
My deepest appreciations go to the administration of Mzumbe University that created a
conducive environment for my studies and clear directives.
My special thanks are extended to the Bukoba Municipal Council officers, head of
schools and all teachers within those selected schools who were my respondents for
availing their time to respond to the questionnaires and interviews, without whose co-
operation this work could not have been completed. I am grateful to my family
members too for their great encouragement morally, spiritually and materially.
Further still, special thanks go to all my colleagues especially Mama Nyanda, Isaya
Tendega and others, that I studied with and were always there for me. We had not only
our light moments filled with laughter but also moments when we shared academic
ideas in preparation for the tests and examinations. Those were indeed very interesting
days. There are many other people who cheered me on to complete this course and it is
not possible to mention all of them – a big thank you to all.
God bless you all.
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DEDICATION

In a special way, I wish to dedicate my work to my beloved mother Mrs. Generoza
Karugaba who made a big sacrifice of her own activities and took care of my children.
Also, I dedicate this work to my beloved children Anagrace, Debora and Stephano for
bearing with my long absence during my study despite the difficult moment they had.

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

BMC Bukoba Municipal Council

CACRS Closed Annual Confidential Report System

CSRP Civil Service Reform Programme

ESDP Education Sector Development Programme

HRM Human Resource Management

HRO Human Resource Officer

IMF International Monetary Fund

KPAs Key Performance Areas

MDA Ministries Department and Agencies

MOEVT Ministry of Education and Vocational Training

OPRAS Open Performance Review and Appraisal system

PAS Performance Appraisal System

PM Performance Management

PMS Performance Management System

PSRP Public Service Reform Programme

SAP Structural Adjustment Programmes

TPA Teachers‟ Performance Appraisal

URT United Republic of Tanzania

WB World Bank

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ABSTRACT

The study assessed the effectiveness of teachers‟ performance appraisal feedback in
secondary education performance in Bukoba Municipal Council. The study adopted a
qualitative approach (case study) and used both qualitative and quantitative methods of
data collection and analysis. The target population was secondary school teachers of the
selected public secondary schools in Bukoba Municipality, heads of schools, Human
Resource Officer (HRO) and school inspector. The study involved 76 informants.
Stratified random sampling was used to get the number of teachers and purposive
sampling was used to get heads of schools, Human Resource officer and school
inspector. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive and
narrative analyses were used to analyse the data collected. It was found that teachers
performance appraisal feedback in secondary schools in Bukoba Municipal Council is
generally not effective, teachers are not given regularly and timely performance
feedback. It shows that if teachers performance appraisal feedback is effective, that is
given timely and regularly would improve secondary education performance.
The researcher recommends the supervisors (heads of schools) to be given time to time
training so as to equip them with adequate knowledge and build their capacity for
effective performance appraisal system in secondary schools. The study was done
between July, 2014 to September, 2015.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION ............................................................................................................. i
DECLARATION .............................................................................................................. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................... iii
DEDICATION ................................................................................................................ iv
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... x
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................... xi
LIST OF APPENDIX ..................................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................. 1
BACKGROUND INFORMATION .............................................................................. 1
1.0. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background of the study ............................................................................................. 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................... 4
1.3 Objectives of the study ............................................................................................... 5
1.3.1 General objective ..................................................................................................... 5
1.3.2 Specific objectives of the study ............................................................................... 5
1.4 Research questions ..................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Significance of the study ........................................................................................... 6
1.6 Scope and delimitation of the study .......................................................................... 7
1.7 Organization of the dissertation.................................................................................. 7
1.8: Limitation of the study .............................................................................................. 8

CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................ 9
LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................. 9
2.0: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 9
2.1: Theoretical Review.................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1: Definition of the key terms and concepts ............................................................... 9
2.1.2: Performance Management and concepts ................................................................ 9
2.1.3: Nature of performance appraisal .......................................................................... 14
2.1.4. Effectiveness of performance appraisal ............................................................... 16
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2.1.4.1. What makes an Effective and Successful Appraisal ......................................... 17
2.1.5. Strategies for improving performance appraisal ................................................. 19
2.1.6. Rationale for performance appraisal ................................................................ 21
2.1.7: Performance Appraisal in Education context ....................................................... 24
2.1.8. Performance appraisal methods ............................................................................ 27
2.1.9: Performance appraisal system process ................................................................ 28
2.1.10. Feedback and implementation of appraisal systems ......................................... 33
2.2: Theories underlying the study ................................................................................. 34
2.3. Empirical literature review ..................................................................................... 35
2.4. Research Gap ........................................................................................................... 36
2.5. Conceptual Framework ........................................................................................... 37

CHAPTER THREE...................................................................................................... 38
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................ 38
3.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 38
3.1 Research design and approach ................................................................................. 38
3.2 Area of the Study ..................................................................................................... 39
3.3 Study Population and Units of analysis ................................................................... 41
3.4. Sample Size and Sampling Techniques ................................................................... 41
3.6. Data collection methods .......................................................................................... 42
3.6. Questionnaires ......................................................................................................... 43
3.6.2. Interview Method ................................................................................................. 43
3.8. Validity and Reliability Issues................................................................................. 44

CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................ 46
PRESENTATION OF ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS .............. 46
4.0: Introduction ............................................................................................................. 46
4.1 Presentation and discussion of findings ................................................................... 46
4.2 Characteristics of respondents .................................................................................. 46
4.3 Nature of performance appraisal feedback provided to teachers ............................ 47
4.4 Effectiveness of Performance appraisal feedback .................................................... 50
4.5 Strategies for improving performance appraisal feedback ...................................... 53
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