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NAT'LINST.OFSTAND&TECHR.LC. VIST Special Publication 832, Volume 2 A111D3 777703 Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation NIST PUBLICATIONS [Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho ] Survey Report on Framing of the Guidelines for Technological Development of Base- Isolation Systems for Buildings ****** ***** ****** ***** ****** ***** ****** ***** ****** ......... ,,,.v, ftSSSSBBtStt&Sm United States Department of Commerce Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology 7 he National Institute of Standards and Technology was established in 1988 by Congress to "assist industry in the development of technology . . . needed to improve product quality, to modernize manufacturing processes, to ensure product reliability and to facilitate rapid commercialization ... of . . . products based on new scientific discoveries." 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Raufaste, Editor Building and Fire Research Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology MD Gaithersburg, 20899 Originally Published by Building Center ofJapan April 1992 U.S. Department of Commerce Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary Technology Administration Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology John W. Lyons, Director National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 832, Volume 2 Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 832, Vol. 2, 575 pages (Apr. 1992) CODEN: NSPUE2 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1992 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 ABSTRACT This report is Volume Two of a two volume series on passive energy dissipating systems for buildings and other structures. This volume, Survey Report on Framing of the Guidelines in Technological Development of Base Isolation Systems for Buildings, addresses the performance of these systems and provides examples of buildings installed with the systems. The documents provide guidelines for evaluating these systems and a directory of these systems used in buildings and other structures. The original reports in Japanese were published by the Building Center of Japan under the sponsorship of the Japanese Ministry of Construction (MOC). The MOC provided these reports to the National Institute of Standards and Technology for their translation into English and for publication. The subjects addressed in these reports include: the history and types of passive energy dissipators; their applications, evaluations, and performance; and case histories of these devices exposed to seismic loading. KEYWORDS: active damper, base isolation; damping; devices; evaluation, passive damper; performance, seismic; structures; wind loads. Translated from Japanese by Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, under contract to The National Technical Information Service, Department of Commerce - iii - CONTENTS Foreword iii Preface iv List of Journals Referred To in the Report vi Chapter 1. Aims and Objectives of the Survey 1 1.1. Aims and Objectives 1 1.2. Course of Study 2 1.3. Committee Members 4 Chapter 2. Performance of Elements of Response-Control Structures 8 2.1. Types of Elements of Response-Control Structures 8 2.2. Damper 9 2.3. Bearings 15 2.4. Mass-Effect Mechanism 15 2.5. Other Structural Elements 16 Chapter 3. Base Isolation Devices for Floors and Equipment 17 3.1. Bases Isolation Devices for Floors 17 3.2. Base Isolation Devices for Equipment 20 Chapter 4. Active Response-Control Structure 28 4.1. Basic Outline 28 4.2. Current Status of Research and Development 34 4.3. Topics for Future Development in Active Response-control Structures 41 Chapter 5. Examples of Buildings with Response-Control Structures 46 5.1. Buildings with Laminated Rubber Bearing 51 5.2. Buildings with Sliding Support 51 5.3. Buildings with Sway-Type Hinged Columns 51 5.4. Buildings with Double Columns 51 5.5. Buildings with Viscoelastic or Friction Dampers 52 5.6. Buildings with Dynamic Dampers 52 5.7. Buildings with Sloshing-Type Dampers 52 Chapter 6. Records of Seismic Observations in Response Control Structure 53 6.1. The Earthquake Off the Eastern Chiba Prefecture 53 6.2. Study of the Results of Seismic Observations 63 Chapter 7. Summary 70 Appendix 1. Specification of the Response Control Devices in Table 2.1 72 - v - Appendix 2. Specification of the Base Isolation Floor Systems in Table 3.1 166 Appendix 3. Typical Vibration Prevention Devices 209 Appendix 4. Recent Examples of Response Control Structures Mentioned in Chapter 5 230 Appendix 5. Records of Seismic Observations in Response Control Structures Mentioned in Chapter 6 423 - vi - FOREWORD This is Volume Two of a two volume series on energy dissipating systems for buildings and other structures. Volume 1, Earthquake Protection in Buildings through Base Isolation, describes energy dissipating systems, reviews their application, and discusses their effectiveness. Volume 2, Survey Report on Framing of the Guidelines for Technological Development of Base isolation Systems Buildings, addresses the performance of thes systems and provides examples of buildings installed with such devices and case studies. The two volume reports were produced by the Building Center of Japan under sponsorship of the Japanese Ministry of Construction (MOC) to describe the state-of-the-art of energy dissipating systems and to review their use in mitigating damages from earthquakes. These reports were made available to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for translation into English and for publication through the Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects. The Panel is one of 16 comprising the U.S.-Japan Program in Natural Resources (UJNR). The Panel, composed of U.S. and Japanese agencies participating with representatives of private sector organizations, develops and exchanges technologies aimed at reducing damages from high winds, earthquakes, storm surge, and tsunamis. NIST provides the chairman and secretariat of the U.S.-side Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects; the Public Works Research Institute, MOC, provides the Japan-side chairman and secretariat. These volumes were translated under contract by the National Technical Information Service. The English translations convey the technical contents of the two reports; no further efforts were made to editorialize the translated manuscripts. The U.S.-side Panel is indebted to the Japanese-side Panel for sharing useful design and construction information about an emerging technology for mitigating damages to buildings and other structures from earthquakes and high winds. The U.S.-side also is appreciative of the efforts of Mr. Tatsuo Murota, Director, Structural Engineering Department of the Building Research Institute (BRI), MOC, and his BRI staff for reviewing the English translated versions. - vii -