DTIC ADA505587: Two New Species of Anopheles (Anopheles) Hyrcanus Group (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Republic of South Korea

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ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)
](cid:127)Zoot9a4x1a: 1(2-2060 5)
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Copyright¸ 2005 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)
Two new specieso f Anoœheles(A noœhelesH) yrcanus Group
(Diptera: Culicidae) from the Republic of South Korea
LEOPOLDO M. RUEDA
Departmento f EntomologyW, alterR eedA rmyI nstituteo f Research5, 03 RobertG rantA venueS, ilverS pring,
MD 20910-7500, U.S.A.( Mailing address:W alterR eedB iosystematicUsn it, MuseumS upportC enter,S mith-
sonianI nstitution,4 210 Silver Hill Road, Suitland,M D 20746); email: [email protected]
Abstract
Two new mosquitos peciesb elongingt o the HyrcanusG roup, Anopheles( Anophelesb) elenrae
Ruedaa ndA n. (Ano.) kleini Rueda,a re describedfr om the Republico f SouthK orea,w ith illustra-
tionso f the larvae,p upae,a dults,a nd male genitalia.
Key words: Anophelesb elenrae,k leini, Culicidae,t axonomyd, escriptionm, osquitoesH, yrcanus
Group
Introduction
The recenti ncreaseo f humanm alaria casesi n SouthK orea (Feighnere t al. 1998, Lee et
al. 1998, Wilkersone t al. 2003) necessitateas seriousu rgencyt o clarify the identityo f the
possiblem osquitov ectors.M isidentificationso f vectors pecieso ften lead to poor under-
standingo f the epidemiologyo f diseaset ransmissionan d inadvertentlya ffect controlm ea-
sures.I ntegrateds ystematicr esearchc, ombiningb oth morphologya nd molecularb iology,
for the Anopheles( Anopheles)H yrcanusG roup is underwayi n the Walter Reed Biosys-
tematicsU nit, in collaborationw ith other laboratoriest,o clearly define the relationships
amongt he speciesa nd to reviset he taxonomyo f the group.
The known and potential vectorso f malarial parasitesi n South Korea belong to the
An. (Ano.) HyrcanusG roup (Wilkerson et al. 2003). Previously,t here were 27 species
listed undert he group( Hatbach2 004), with a wide distributionf rom the Oriental Region
to easterna nd westernP alearcticR egions( Ramsdale2 001, Water Reed Biosystematics
Unit 2001, A. Lee, L. M. Rueda, R. C. Wilkerson and Y. M. Litton, unpublishedd ata).
Recently,W ilkerson et al. (2003) and Liet al. (2005) recognizedt wo unnameds pecies
closelyr elatedt o An. sinensisu, singr DNA ITS2 sequence.
Acceptedb y P. Adler:2 4 Mar. 2005;p ublished1: 5 Apr. 2005 I
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1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED
2005 2. REPORT TYPE 00-00-2005 to 00-00-2005
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
Two new species of Anopheles (Anopheles) Hyrcanus Group (Diptera:
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Culicidae) from the Republic of South Korea
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit,Smithsonian REPORT NUMBER
Institution,Washington,DC,20560
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
see report
15. SUBJECT TERMS
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF
ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON
a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE Same as 26
unclassified unclassified unclassified Report (SAR)
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
ZOOTAXA Basedo n the above moleculard ata, these new specieso f the An. (Ano.) Hyrcanus
Group are described,a nd illustrationsa re providedf or the adult female and male, pupa,
and larva of theses peciesfr om SouthK orea. Typesa re depositedin the collectionso f the
National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.,
(NMNH) as indicated below.
Materials and methods
The terminologya nd abbreviationso f Harbacha nd Knight (1980, 1982) are usedf or the
morphologicacl haractersa nd illustrationse, xceptf or wing spotn omenclature(W ilkerson
and Peyton 1990), wing venation( Belkin 1962), and pupala bdominald ark marks( Rueda
et al. 2005). Abbreviationsf or specimense xamineda re as follow: F, female; G, genitalia;
Le, larval exuviae;M , male; Pe, pupal exuviae. Collectionc odeso f the most recentc ol-
lectionsc onsisto f a countryc ode in capitall ettersf ollowed by a collectionn umber( e.g.,
KS 7(27)-1 is an individualo r progenyf rom female 27 of collection7 from SouthK orea;
and KS 02-6(2)-11 is an individual or progenyf rom female 2 of collection6 from South
Korea in year 2002).
Anopheles( Anopheles)b elenraeR ueda, new species
(Figs. 1-4)
Anopheles"u nknowns p.K orea"o f Wilkersone t al., 2003:9 (rDNA ITS2 sequence).
Anopheles"u nknown1 " of Li et al., 2005 (rDNA ITS2 sequence).
Description. -- Female (Fig. 1). Integumentd ark brownw ith silveryo r grayishp ollinos-
ity. For the following measurementasn d counts,n = 10, exceptw here indicated.H ead.
Interoculars pace with 9-14 long, pale setae intermixed with long and small, narrow,
appressedw hite scales;v ertex, occiput, and upper portion of postgenaw ith numerous
erect,t runcates cales;m iddorsalp ortiono f vertexw ith patcho f white scales;la teralp or-
tion of vertex,o cciputa nd upperp ortiono f postgenaw ith patcho f dark brown to black
scales;v entralp ortiono f postgenaw ith long dark brown to black setae.C lypeusb ared or-
sally, with dark brown scalesl aterally.P edicelo f antennaw ith 8-18 (n = 16) small dorso-
lateral, narrow to broad, grayishw hite spatulates cales;f lagellomere 1 with numerous
narrow to broad white scales;f lagellomeres2 -8 with a few scatteredn arrow to broad
white scales.S caleso f maxillary palpuss lender,s patulate,m ostly dark brown to black
with intermixedd ark brown setae; narrow band of white scalesa t baseo f palpomeres3
and 4, and at basea nd apex of palpomere5 ; apical white band of palpomere5 slightly
longert hano therb asalp alpomerew hite bands;b aseo f maxillary palpusd orsallyw ith sin-
gle long, erect dark seta;l ength of maxillary palpus 1.65-2.40 mm (mean = 2.10 mm);
ratio of lengtho f eacho f palpomeres2 -5 to total lengtho f palpus,2 = 0.26-0.35 (mean=
2 ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress RUEDA
ZOOTAXA
1-
FIGURE 1. Anophelesb elenrae,a dult. (A) Female,h abitus.( B) Male head,s idev iew.
ANOPHELES(A NOPHELES) ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress 3
ZOOTAXA 0.32), 3 - 0.33-0.39 (mean - 0.36), 4= 0.10-0.12 (mean - 0.014), 5 = 0.10-0.15 (mean =
0.12); ratio of combined palpomeres4 , 5 to total length of palpus,0 .30-0.36 (mean =
0.32); palpus 0.88-1.18 (mean - 1.04) forefemurl ength. Proboscisd ark-scaledl,a bellum
light brown;b aseo f proboscisw ith long, erectd ark setae;p roboscisle ngth 1.05-2.35 mm
(mean - 2.04 mm); proboscis0 .91-1.16 (mean - 1.10) palpusl ength.T horax. Scuturn
dark brown, with gray pollinosity,u suallyc overedw ith intermixedn arrow,s horta nd long
pale yellow to light brown scales;m ediana nteriorp romontoryw ith patcho f intermixed
narrow,s horta nd long white scales.D arker lateral areaso f scuturnw ith longerd ark setae.
Scutal fossa, antealar area and supraalara rea slightly pale pollinose. Scutellum dark
brown, slightly pale dusted,w ith 14-21 shortera nd 12-16 long setae,s horts etaei nter-
mixed pale yellow and dark brown,l ong setaed ark brown.A ntepronotumw ith 14-24 dark
brown setae,a nd patch of dark scalesa nteriorly.P leuron brown to dark brown; upper
proepisternumw ith 3-7 setae,w ithout scales;p respiraculara rea with 3-6 setae,w ithout
scales;p realar area with 4-13 setae,w ithout scales;u pper mesokatepisternumw ith 3-9
setae, without scales; lower mesokatepisternumw ith 1-9 setae, without scales; upper
mesepimeronw ith 5-14 setae,w ithout scales.L egs. Fore- and midlegsd ark-scalede xcept
white scalesd orsallyo n apex of femora and tibiae, and pale scalesv entrally on parts of
femora, tibiae and tarsomeres1 ; completen arrow apical pale bandso n tarsomeres1 -3;
apical pale band on tarsomere4 absent.H indlegs dark-scaleda s on fore- and midlegs,
excepta pical white scaleso n tarsomeres4 . Midcoxa with uppera nd lower patcheso f pale
scales;u pperp atch5 -11 scales,l ower patch6 -14 scales.F orefemurl ength 1.65-2.30 mm
(mean- 2.02 mm, n = 8), ratio of forefemurl engtht o proboscisle ngth0 .85-1.04 (mean-
0.94, n - 8). Midfemur length 1.85-2.50 mm (mean = 2.30 mm, n - 9), ratio of midfemur
length to proboscisle ngth 0.93-1.12 (mean - 1.04, n - 9). Hindfemur length 1.95-2.75
mm (mean = 2.39 mm, n = 9), ratio of hindfemurl ength to proboscisle ngth 1.00-2.23
(mean = 1.24, n = 9).
Wing (Table 1). Length (measuredf rom humeral crossveint o wing tip, excluding
fringe) 3.40-4.65 mm (mean - 3.94 mm). Dark scalesb rown to black, pale scalesw hite
and pale yellow. Costa (C) dark-scaledw ith small subcostapl ale spot( SCP, mean- 0.25
mm) and preapicalp ale spot( PP, mean - 0.15 mm); remigiumw ith dark and pale scales;
humeralc rossveina nd arculusw ithout scalep atch.S ubcosta( Sc) dark-scaledw ith few
scattereds patulatew hite scalesf rom baset o sectord ark (SD). Radius( R) to R(cid:127) dark-
scalede xcept3 pale spots( SP, SCP and PP), scatteredw hite spatulates calesf rom baset o
presectodr ark (PSD), and stripeo f white scaleso n SD beforeS CP; baseo f (cid:127) dark-scaled;
bifurcationo f R2 and R3 dark-scaledb; aseo f R4,5d ark-scaledt;i ps of R(cid:127), R2 , R3 and R4,5
usuallyw ith palef ringe. Media (M) mostlyp ale-scaledb; ifurcationo f Mi+2 and M3+4 dark-
scaled;t ips of Mi+2 and M3+4 with dark fringe. Cubitus( Cu) with basald ark spot,l ength
0.2-0.4 (mean- 0.25); Cu(cid:127) with 3 or 4 dark spots,l engtho f first basals pot0 .154).30 mm
(mean - 0.19 mm), seconds pot 0.20-0.35 mm (mean - 0.25 mm), third spot 0.50-0.65
mm (mean= 0.58 mm), distalf ourth spot0 .15-0.25 mm (mean= 0.18 mm); Cu2 with dis-
4 ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress RUEDA
tal dark spoto nly, length0 .10-0.30 mm (mean = 0.22 mm); tips of Cut and Cu2 with dark ZOOTAXA
fringe. Anal vein (1A) with 1 or 2 dark spots,b asal spotl ength 0.20-0.40 mm (mean =
0.27 mm), distal spotl ength0 .35-1.10 mm (mean= 0.55 ram), tip of 1A with dark fringe.
Halter. Scabellum,p edicel and capitellum pale to light brown with grayishp ollinosity.
Descriptives tatisticsfo r ratioso f costala nd R-R1 wing spotl engths/lengtho f wing mea-
suredf rom humeral crossveina re showni n Table 1, with holotypem ale wing measure-
ments in brackets. Abdomen. Terga and sterna dark brown to black with grayish
pollinosity,c overedw ith pale brown to goldenb rown setae.
TABLE 1. An. belenrae:d escriptives tatisticsfo r ratioso f veinsC and R-R1 wing spotl engths/
lengtho f wing measuredfr om humeralc rossvein*.
Wing spot Range Mean + SD
Costa (C)
Basal dark to sectord ark (BD+PHD+HD+PD+SD) 0.56 - 0.69 0.59 +_0 .04 [0.60l
Subcostapl ale (SCP) 0.05 - 0.08 0.07 +_0 .01 [0.07]
Preapicald ark (PD) o.1 1- 0.27 0.24 + 0.04 [0.21]
Preapicalp ale (PP) 0.03 - 0.05 0.04 +_0 .01 [0.04]
Apical dark (AD) 0.001- 0.06 0.05 +_0 .02 [0.00(cid:127)l
Vein R-R 1
Basald ark to presectodr ark (BD+PHD+HD+PSD) 0.25- 0.37 0.27 + 0.043 [0.27]
Sectorp ale (SP) 0.08 - 0.11 0.10 + 0.01 [0.10]
Sector dark (SD) 0.21 - 0.39 0.24 + 0.05 [0.22]
Subcostapl ale (SCP) 0.06 - 0.08 0.07 + 0.01 [0.07]
Preapicald ark (PD) 0.19 - 0.26 0.23 + 0.02 [0.21]
Preapicalp ale (PP) 0.04 - 0.08 0.06 + 0.01 10.06]
Apical dark (AD) 0.02 - 0.06 0.05 +_0 .02 [0.06]
*Eleven wingsf rom the holotypea nd paratypes[; ], holotypem ale.
Male (Figs. 2C, D). As in female exceptf or following sexuald ifferences.M axillary
palpus0 .88-1.11 lengtho f proboscis(m ean= 0.97; n = 18 for this andn = 6 for following
measurementesx ceptw herei ndicated),a pex of palpomere3 and all of palpomeres4 and 5
enlarged.M axillary palpusw ith dark brown and white scales,d orsal surfaceo f all seg-
mentsw ith white scales;p alpomere2 with slightly erect dark brown scalesa t base and
pale scalesf rom middle to apex; palpomere3 dark-scaledw ith long yellowisht o light
brown setaea t apex; palpomere4 pale yellow to dark brown-scaledw ith narrow basal
white band, inner surfacew ith long yellowish-brownt o light brown setae;p alpomere5
pale brown-scaledw ith narrow basalw hite band, lateral surfacew ith white scalesa nd nu-
merousd ark brown shorts etae.P roboscisle ngth2 .48-3.48 mm (mean= 2.81 mm, n = 9),
ANOPHELES(A NOPHELES) ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress 5
ZOOTAXA
^ T
11
IV
c VI
I
VII
2
0.1 mm
---aedeagus
... ...
(cid:127)mbas(cid:127)l $eta
FIGURE 2. Anophelesb elenrae(.A ) Pupa,c ephalothora(xB. ) Pupa,m etathoraaxn d abdomen,
left sided orsalr,i ghts idev entral(.C ) Male genitalia(.D ) TergumIX . Abbreviationuss edin clude
CT = cephalothoraGx,L = genitall obe,P a = paddle,P DM = posteriodr arkm ark.
6 ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress RUEDA
dark brown-scaledA. nal vein with singled ark spot.T ergumI X bare, with pair of elongate ZOOTAXA
caudally directed capitate tergal lobes; length of lobe from base to tip 0.94 distance
between2 lobes;m iddle of lobe narrower,0 .50 width of lobe tip and 0.06 width of lobe
base. Gonocoxite 1.87-2.16x as long as wide at widest point; dorsal (postrotational)s ur-
face with many long setaed istally, slenderf usiform and spatulares calesa nd numerous
small spiculesp roximally; ventral surfacea s dorsalb ut with lateral scalesa nd numerous
longer spicules;m esal parabasals pine (parabasal1 ) stout,b orne on slightly raisedb ase;
parabasal2 stout with slendert ip; parabasal1 base 0.06 from base of gonocoxite;p ara-
basal2 base0 .04-0.06 from baseo f gonocoxitei;n ternals etas lender, base0 .15-0.22 dis-
tancef rom baseo f gonocoxite.G onostylusw idened at base and narrowedt oward middle
and tip; gonostylus1 .09 length of gonocoxite;g onostylus2 6.44x longer than gonostylar
claw. Claspette.D orsal lobe of claspettew ith 3 closelya ppresseds etaeo f aboute qual
length;t ips of 2 lateral setaec urveda nd bluntly rounded;t ip of middle setas lightlyc urved
and round; tip of composites tructurec lub-shaped.V entral lobe of claspettew ith 2 long
subapicals etae, most apical much longer than other. Both ventral and dorsal lobes, and
areasi n betweent hem, with numerouss picules.A edeagall eaflets4 -6 per side; 3 mesal
leaflets broadest,w ith broad, thin, nearly transparentin ner margins;o ther leaflets with
narrow,t hin, nearly transparenitn ner margins;m ostm esall eaflet with 0-3 aciculae.
Pupa (Figs. 2 A-B). Positiona nd developmento f setaea s figured; rangea nd modal
numbero f branches,a nd numbero f brancheso f holotypem ale as in Table 2. Integument
with light tc moderate dark pigmentation. Exuviae colorless to dark brown.
CephalothoraxM. esothoracicw ing with distinctr ows of roundd ark spots.T rumpetw ith
thin, lightly serratedp ale brown rim; meatusw ith simplec left, and its subbasapl art with
numerouss pinules;t rumpet length 0.35-0.52 mm (mean = 0.41 mm, n = 20 for this and
following measurementsa nd countse xcept where indicated),w idth 0.32-0.46 mm (mean
= 0.39 mm, measureda t base of pinna), index 0.83-1.31 (mean = 1.07); tracheoida rea
1.27 length of trumpet. Abdomen.A bdominal tergum I with 2 elongatep osteriord ark
marks (PDM); each PDM narrows mesally at base, with maximum width (0.02-0.05 mm,
mean = 0.02 mm) towardsd istal tip, length 0.26-0.38 mm (mean = 0.31 mm), about0 .24-
0.27 (mean0 .25, n =9) width of abdominals egmentI , and longert han the longestb ranch
of seta 1-I. Seta 1-I fan-like (cid:127)vith 14-28 aciculate dendritic branches; 6-I with 1-4
branches; 7-I with 1-5 branches; 9-I with 1 or 2 branches. Setae 1,5-III-VII well
developed;1 -V 0.92-1.55 (mean = 1.12, n = 18) length of 5-V; 1-VI 0.71-1.64 (mean =
1.09, n = 15); 1-VII 0.82-1.27 (mean= 0.99, n = 17); 3-VI alignedw ith and mesalo f 1-VI
unlike on other segments;8 -I-II absent; 9-I simple, single or forked; 9-II very short,
simple,s pine-like;9 -III short,w ith slightlyr oundedt ip, 1.14-6.00 (mean- 2.28) lengtho f
9-II; 9-IV strong,l ightly pigmenteda nd slightly pointed,1 .00-3.11 (mean = 1.64) length
of 9-III; 9-V-VIII long, lightly pigmenteda nd slightly pointed; 9-V 0.96-1.33 (mean =
1.16) length of 9-IV; 9-VI 0.83-1.43 (mean = 1.11) length of 9-V; 9-VII 0.53-1.41 (mean
=1.01) lengtho f 9-VI; 9-VIII 0.81-2.94 (mean= 1.45) length of 9-VII; 9-VI 0.10-0.18
ANOPHELES(A NOPHELES) ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress 7
ZOOTAXA (mean= 0.15, n = 10) lengtho f segmenVt I; 9-VII 0.08-0.16 (mean= 0.13, n = 10) length
of segmentV II; 9-VIII 0.10-0.26 (mean = 0.17, n = 10) length of segmentV III. Seta 9-I
positionedn eara nterolaterael dgeo f tergum;9 -II on posterolateraeld geo f tergum;9 -111-
VIII near posterolaterael dge of tergum. SegmentV II 0.98-1.19 (mean = 1.09, n = 10)
lengtho f segmenVt I; segmenVt III 0.60-1.33 (mean= 1.16, n = 10) lengtho f segmenVt I;
segmenVt III 0.56-1.23 (mean= 1.06, n = 10) lengtho f segmentV II. SegmentV II 0.81-
0.93 (mean= 0.89, n = 10) width of segmentV I (width at posteriorm argins);s egmenVt III
0.79-0.96 (mean = 0.89, n = 10) width of segmentV I; segmentV III 0.94-1.06 (mean =
0.99, n = 10) width of segmentV II. Width/lengtho f segmentV I 2.269-2.77 (mean = 2.55,
n = 10), VII 1.89-2.19 (mean = 2.06, n = 10), VIII 1.74-3.83 (mean = 2.05, n = 10). Paddle
length0 .78-0.98 mm (mean= 0.85 ram, n = 17), width 0.50-0.69 mm (mean= 0.62 ram, n
= 18), length/widthr atio 1.42-1.54 (mean = 1.38, n = 18); refractlie index 0.59-0.82
(mean = 0.69, n = 17); seta 1-Pa simpleo r forked (2-3 apical branches);2 -Pa simpleo r
forked (2-3 apical branches);1 -Pa thicker and 1.45x longer than 2-Pa. Width/lengtho f
genitall obe of female 1.06-1.65 (mean = 1.39, n = 7), male 0.83-1.41 (mean = 1.01, n =
3); numerouss piculesp resento n subapicaal nd apicalm arginso f genitall obe of female,
absent in male.
TABLE 2. Pupals etalb ranchingfo r An. belenrae:r angem ode( ) basedo n countsm adeo n 9-20
setaeo f the holotypea nd paratypes[; ], maleh olotype.
Seta Cephalothorax Abdominal segments
no. CT
I II III IV
0 - - 1-5(2) [21 1-3(2) [21 1-2(2) [21
1 1-4 (2) ll, 21 14-28(24) [16, 271 4-15(9) [6, 81 8-26(10) 126, 151 5-16(13) [16, 51
2 1-3(2) [3, 21 2-4(3) [2, 41 1-8(6) [6, 71 3-8(6) 17,3 1 3-6(4) [4, 51
3 1-4(1) I1] 1-7(3) [31 1-5(1) [ll 1-4(3) [1,31 2-4(3) [31
4 1-3(2) [1,21 2-5(2) [2, 41 1-4(3) [3, 4] 1-3(2) [11 1-2(2) [2, 11
5 1-5(2) [2, 41 2-7(6) [6, 21 1-3(2) [21 8-24(20) I20, 231 8-25(12) [ 19, 111
6 1-3(l) [ l] 1-4(1) Ill 1-2(1) Ill 1-3(1) Ill 1-2(1) Ill
7 1-2(1) [21 1-5(1) [11 1-3(2) [1, 21 1-3(2) [2, 31 1-3(2) [31
8 1-20) Ill - - 1-2(1) [2, 1] 1-3(1) [1, 21
9 1-3(1) [21 1-2(1) [ll 1 Ill I Ill 1 [1]
10 1-3(1) [21 - - 1-2(1) [2, l] 1-2(1) [ll
11 1-3(2) [21 - - 1-2(1) 111 1 111
12 1-4(2) [21 ....
14 - - - 111} 1 [1]
......c ontinuedo n the next page
8 ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress RUEDA
TABLE 2 continued. ZOOTAXA
Setan o. Abdominals egments Paddle
V VI VII VIII IX Pa
0 1-2(2) 12] 1-3(2) [21 1-3(2) [2, 31 1-2(1) [2, 11 - -
I 2-7(4) [4] 1-3(2) 121 1-2(1) [1, 2] - 1 [1] 1 [1]
2 3-5(4) [4] 2-5(3) [3, 4] 2-3(3) [3] - - 1 Ill
3 1-3(2) [1,3] 1-4(1) [11 1-3(2) I21 - - -
4 1-4(3) 13, 2] 1-2(1) [1-21 1-2(1) Ill 1-2(2) [21 - -
5 2-14(7) [8, 7] 3-10(8) [5, 81 1-4(3) [3, 21 - - -
6 I [1] 1 [ll 1-2(1) Ill - - -
7 1-3(1) [3] 1-2(1) [21 1-2(1) [11 - - -
8 1-3(1) [2] 1-2(1) [2, 11 1-3(2) [21 - - -
9 I [1] 1 Ill 1 Ill I Ill - -
10 1-2(1) [1] 1-2(1) Ill 1-2(1) [2} - - -
11 1-2(1) [1] 1 Ill 1-3(2) [21 - - -
12 ......
13 ......
14 I [11 111] 1[1] 1[11 - -
Larva (Fig. 3). Positiona ndd evelopmenot f setaea sf igured;r angea ndm odaln umber
of branchesa nd numbero f brancheso f holotypem ale as showni n Table 3. Head. Length
0.83-0.90 mm (mean = 0.87 mm, n = 9), width 0.71-0.83 mm (mean = 0.78 mm, n = 9).
Antennall ength 0.31-0.38 mm (mean = 0.35 mm, n = 20), slightlyt aperedt oward apex,
4.86-6.00 (mean = 5.51, n = 20) longert han wide; with spiculesl ongera nd more numer-
ous ventrally and in vicinity of seta 1A; spiculel ength 0.01-0.02 mm (mean = 0.02 mm, n
= 12). Seta I-A with 2-7 (mode = 5, n = 18) branches,l ength 0.08-0.15 mm (mean = 0.12
mm, n = 18), inserted 0.14-0.19 mm (mean = 0.17 mm, n = 19) from base of antenna;2 -A
single,p ointed,l ength0 .09-0.14 mm (mean= 0.12 mm, n = 9); 3-A single,p ointed,l ength
0.10-0.22 mm (mean = 0.15 mm, n = 7); 4-A with 4-7 branches( mode = 5, n = 11); 5-A
short,s pine-like,0 .13-0.30 (mean= 0.21, n = 13) lengtho f seta l-A; 6-A spine-likea bout
as long as seta5 -A. Seta 2-C single 1.30-1.79 (mean = 1.53, n = 12) length of 3-C; seta2 -
C closet o mate of opposites ide0 .002-0.008 mm (mean= 0.004 mm, n = 9); 3-C densely
dendriticw ith 16-30 main branches( mode = 29), longestb ranch0 .10-0.14 mm (mean =
0.12 mm, n = 8), clypeal index (distanceb etween bases2 -C and 3-C on 1 side/distance
between bases of 2-C) 7.75-32.00 (mean = 18.66, n = 8). Thorax. Seta 1-P with 1-3
branches(m ode = 1, n = 14); 9, 10, 12-P single;9 -12-P setals upportp late spinel ength
0.03-0.08 mm (mean = 0.05 mm, n = 15). Setae9 , 10, 12-M single;9 -M 1.03-1.56 (mean
ANOPHELES (ANOPHELES) ¸ 2005 MagnoliaP ress 9