Drink and British Politics since 1830: A Study in Policy-Making PDF
Preview Drink and British Politics since 1830: A Study in Policy-Making
Drink and British Politics since 1830 Also by John Greenaway THE DYNAMICS OF ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM (with Richard Chapman) DECIDING FACTORS IN BRITISH POLITICS (with Steve Smith and John Street) Drink and British Politics since 1830 A Study in Policy-Making John Greenaway Senior Lecturer in Politics School of Economic and Social Studies The University of East Anglia © John Greenaway 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003 978-0-333-91782-4 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-42329-3 ISBN 978-0-230-51036-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230510364 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Greenaway, J. R. Drink and British politics since 1830 : a study in policy-making / John Greenaway. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Drinking of alcoholic beverages–Government policy–Great Britain–History. I. Title. HV5446G74 2003 363.4′1′0941–dc21 2003040515 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 This book is dedicated to my late parents George William and Joyce Mary Greenaway both fine historians This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Abbreviations ix Acknowledgements xi 1 Introduction 1 The aim of this book 1 The intangible nature of the Drink question 3 2 The Drink Problem in Early Victorian Britain, 1830–70 7 Six Victorian solutions to the problem 9 Parliament and liquor licensing, 1830–70 19 3 Drink becomes a Party Political Issue, 1870–95 29 Legislation under Gladstone and Disraeli 30 Party polarisation on the issue 37 Licensing and high politics, 1888–95 43 4 New Departures and Old Orthodoxies, 1895–1902 53 New thinking on the Drink issue 53 The Royal Commission 59 Reaction to the Royal Commission 63 Rowntree and Sherwell’s new approach 68 5 The High Water Mark of Party Political Controversy, 1902–14 73 The changing social and economic position of the Trade 73 The 1902 Licensing Act 75 The 1904 Licensing Act 77 The 1908 Licensing Bill 81 Drink and the nature of politics in Edwardian Britain 86 6 The First World War: Drink and National Efficiency 91 National hysteria on Drink 91 The work of the Central Control Board 97 Lloyd George and state purchase 107 vii viii Contents 7 The Postwar Settlement, 1919–21 114 New directions 114 Controls on production 116 The future of the CCB and of liquor control 117 The 1921 licensing compromise 121 Drink and the new political order 125 8 Decades of Improvement: The Interwar Years 130 Continuation of the old attitudes 130 The Labour party and the Drink question 133 The Carlisle scheme 135 The ‘improved’ public house and disinterested management 140 The Royal Commission, 1929–31 145 New issues: medical aspects; Drink and advertising 147 9 Policy Fragmentation 1945–70: Three Case Studies 150 The New Towns and state control, 1945–52 151 Policy towards alcoholism, 1945–75 158 Drink and driving 166 10 Epilogue: A Brief Sketch of the Period after 1970 175 11 Drink, the Political Process and Policy-Making in Britain 183 Drink and the British political system 183 Some comparisons: contrasting policy agendas 196 Drink and the policy process 198 Notes 213 Bibliography and Location of Unpublished Sources 258 Index 259 List of Abbreviations AA Alcoholics Anonymous BMA British Medical Association BTL British Temperance League CAMRA Campaign for Real Ale CCB Central Control Board (Liquor Traffic) CETS Church of England Temperance Society CPRS Central Policy Review Staff DHSS Department of Health and Social Security DORA Defence of the Realm Act MoH Ministry of Health MoT Ministry of Transport MRC Medical Research Council MTCP Ministry of Town and Country Planning NCA National council on Alcoholism NHS National Health Service NTDA National Trade Defence Association NTL National Temperance League PA Pedestrians’ Association PP Parliamentary Papers PRO Public Record Office RoSPA Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents TLL Temperance Legislation League UKA United Kingdom Alliance W.C. War Cabinet Papers WHO World Health Organisation ix
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