Documenting Domestication: New Genetic and Archaeological Paradigms

377 Pages·2006·6.29 MB·English

by  Melinda A. Zeder

DOCUMENTING DOMESTICATION

DOCUMENTING DOMESTICATION
NEW GENETIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL PARADIGMS
Edited by
MELINDA A. ZEDER
DANIEL G. BRADLEY
EVE EMSHWILLER
BRUCE D. SMITH
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
Berkeley Los Angeles London
University of California Press, one of the most distinguished Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
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world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, Documenting domestication: new genetic and archaeological
and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press paradigms / edited by Melinda A. Zeder ... [et al.].
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institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. Includes bibliographical references and index.
University of California Press ISBN-13: 978-0-520-24638-6 (alk. paper)
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California 1. Plants, Cultivated–Genetics.
2. Plant remains (Archaeology).
University of California Press, Ltd.
3. Domestic animals–Genetics.
London, England
4. Animal remains (Archaeology).
© 2006 by [DNLM: 1. Animals, Domestic–genetics. 2. Adaptation,
The Regents of the University of California Biological–genetics. 3. Archaeology. 4. Crops, Agricultural–genetics.
5. Evolution. QH 432 D637 2006] I. Zeder, Melinda A.
SB106.G46D63 2006
631.5’233–dc22
2005036362
10 09 08 07 06
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements
of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper).
CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii 9 DNA Sequence Data and Inferences on Cassava’s Origin
of Domestication 123
LIST OF TABLES ix Kenneth M. Olsen and Barbara A. Schaal
10 Relationship between Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum)
LIST OF FIGURES xi
and Its Putative Progenitor A. ramosumas Assessed by
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) 134
1 Documenting Domestication: Bringing Together Plants, Frank R. Blattner and Nikolai Friesen
Animals, Archaeology, and Genetics 1
11 Using Multiple Types of Molecular Markers to Understand
Melinda A. Zeder, Daniel G. Bradley, Eve Emshwiller, and
Olive Phylogeography 143
Bruce D. Smith
Catherine Breton, Guillaume Besnard, and André
A. Bervillé
SECTION ONE 12 Origins of Polyploid Crops: The Example of the Octoploid
Archaeological Documentation of Plant
Tuber Crop Oxalis tuberosa 153
Domestication
Eve Emshwiller
Bruce D. Smith, section editor
SECTION THREE
2 Documenting Domesticated Plants in the Archaeological Archaeological Documentation of Animal
Record 15 Domestication
Bruce D. Smith
Melinda A. Zeder, section editor
3 Seed Size Increase as a Marker of Domestication in
Squash (Cucurbita pepo) 25
13 Archaeological Approaches to Documenting Animal
Bruce D. Smith Domestication 171
4 A Morphological Approach to Documenting the Melinda A. Zeder
Domestication of Chenopodiumin the Andes 32 14 A Critical Assessment of Markers of Initial Domestication
Maria C. Bruno in Goats (Capra hircus) 181
Melinda A. Zeder
5 Identifying Manioc (Manihot esculentaCrantz) and Other
Crops in Pre-Columbian Tropical America through Starch 15 The Domestication of the Pig (Sus scrofa): New
Grain Analysis: A Case Study from Central Panama 46 Challenges and Approaches 209
Dolores R. Piperno Umberto Albarella, Keith Dobney, and Peter Rowley-
Conwy
6 Phytolith Evidence for the Early Presence of
Domesticated Banana (Musa)in Africa 68 16 The Domestication of South American Camelids: A View
Ch. Mbida, E. De Langhe, L. Vrydaghs, H. Doutrelepont, from the South-Central Andes 228
Ro. Swennen, W. Van Neer, and P. de Maret Guillermo L. Mengoni Goñalons and Hugo D. Yacobaccio
7 Documenting the Presence of Maize in Central and South 17 Early Horse Domestication on the Eurasian Steppe 245
America through Phytolith Analysis of Food Residues 82 Sandra L. Olsen
Robert G. Thompson
SECTION FOUR
SECTION TWO Genetic Documentation of Animal Domestication
Genetic Documentation of Plant Domestication
Dan Bradley, section editor
Eve Emshwiller, section editor
18 Documenting Domestication: Reading Animal Genetic
8 Genetic Data and Plant Domestication 99 Texts 273
Eve Emshwiller Daniel G. Bradley
v
19 Genetic Analysis of Dog Domestication 279 22 Genetics and Origins of Domestic Cattle 317
Robert K. Wayne, Jennifer A. Leonard, and Carles Vilà Daniel G. Bradley and David A. Magee
20 Origins and Diffusion of Domestic Goats Inferred from 23 Genetic Analysis of the Origins of Domestic South
DNA Markers: Example Analyses of mtDNA, American Camelids 329
Y Chromosome, and Microsatellites 294 Jane C. Wheeler, Lounès Chikhi, and Michael W. Bruford
G. Luikart, H. Fernández, M. Mashkour, P. R. England, and 24 Genetic Documentation of Horse and Donkey
P. Taberlet Domestication 342
Carles Vilà, Jennifer A. Leonard, and Albano Beja-Pereira
21 Mitochondrial DNA Diversity in Modern Sheep:
Implications for Domestication 306
Michael W. Bruford and Saffron J. Townsend INDEX 355
vi CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
UMBERTO ALBARELLA KEITH DOBNEY P. DE MARET
Department of Archaeology, University Department of Archaeology, University Free University of Brussels. Brussels,
of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. of Durham, Durham, UK. Belgium.
ALBANO BEJA-PEREIRA H. DOUTRELEPONT MARJAN MASHKOUR
Centro de Investigação em Archaeology Section, Royal Museum of CNRS/ESA 8045, Laboratory of
Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium. Comparative Anatomy, National
Museum of Natural History, Paris,
Campus Agrário de Vairão,
EVE EMSHWILLER France.
Universidade do Porto, Portugal; and Department of Botany, Field Museum
CNRS/UMR 5553, Laboratoire de of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA; CH. MBIDA
Biologie des Populations d’Altitude, and Botany Department, University of Director of the Cultural Patrimonies,
Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, Ministry of Culture, Yaounde,
France. USA. Cameroon.
ANDRÉ A. BERVILLÉ PHILLIP R. ENGLAND GUILLERMO L. MENGONI GOÑALONS
Sección Arqueologia, Instituto de
INRA/UMR 1097-DGPC, Montpellier, CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric
Ciencias Anthropologicas, Facultad
France. Research, Wembley, Western
de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de
Australia.
GUILLAUME BESNARD Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
UNIL,DEE, Bâtiment de Biologie, HELENA FERNÁNDEZ
KENNETH M. OLSEN
Lausanne, Switzerland. CNRS/UMR 5553, Laboratoire de
Department of Biology, Washington
Biologie des Populations d’Altitude,
FRANK R. BLATTNER University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble,
Taxonomy and Evolutionary Biology,
France. SANDRA L. OLSEN
Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop
Section of Anthropology, O’Neil
Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, NIKOLAI FRIESEN
Research Center, Carnegie Museum of
Germany. Botanical Garden, University of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.
DANIEL G. BRADLEY DOLORES R. PIPERNO
Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity JENNIFER A. LEONARD Archaeobiology Program, Department
College. Dublin, Ireland. Department of Evolutionary Biology, of Anthropology, National Museum of
Uppsala University, Uppsala,
Natural History, Smithsonian
CATHERINE BRETON Sweden/Genetics Program, Department
Institution, Washington, DC, USA; and
Ingénieur CIFRE AFIDOL, Aix-en- of Vertebrate Zoology; and National
Smithsonian Tropical Research
Provence, France. Museum of Natural History,
Institute, Panama.
MICHAEL W. BRUFORD Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff DC, USA. PETER ROWLEY-CONWY
Department of Archaeology, University
University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
GORDON LUIKART of Durham, Durham, UK.
CNRS/UMR 5553, Laboratoire de
MARIA C. BRUNO
Biologie des Populations d’Altitude, BARBARA A. SCHAAL
Department of Anthropology,
Department of Biology, Washington
Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO,
University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
France; CIBIO, Centro de Investigação
USA.
em Biodiversidade e Recursos BRUCE D. SMITH
LOUNÈS CHIKHI Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Archaeobiology Program, National
UMR 5174, “Evolution et Diversité Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Museum of Natural History,
Biologique,” Université Paul Sabatier, Portugal; and Division of Biological Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
Toulouse, France. Sciences, University of Montana, DC, USA.
Missoula, MT, USA.
E. DE LANGHE RO. SWENNEN
Laboratory for Tropical Crop DAVID A. MAGEE Laboratory for Tropical Crop
Improvement and INIBAP Transit Biotrin International, Mount Merrion, Improvement and INIBAP Transit
Centre, KULeuven, Belgium. Co. Dublin, Ireland. Centre, KULeuven, Belgium.
vii
PIERRE TABERLET Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; and Ecology and Evolution, University of
CNRS/UMR 5553, Laboratoire de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Biologie des Populations d’Altitude, Laboratory of Comparative Anatomy
JANE C. WHEELER
Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, and Biodiversity, Leuven, Belgium.
CONOPA, Lima, Peru.
France.
ROBERT G. THOMPSON CDAeRpLaErtSmVeInLÀt of Evolutionary Biology, HUGO D. YACCOBACCIO
Archaeobiology Laboratory, Sección Arqueologia, Instituto de
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Anthropology. Ciencias Anthropológicas, Facultad
University of Minnesota, L. VRYDAGHS de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de
Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, USA. Royal Museum of Central Africa, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
SAFFRON J. TOWNSEND Tervuren, Belgium; and Royal Belgian MELINDA A. ZEDER
Institute of Zoology, Regent’s Park, Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Archaeobiology Program, National
London, UK. Belgium.
Museum of Natural History,
WIM VAN NEER ROBERT K. WAYNE Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Department of Organismic Biology, DC, USA.
viii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
LIST OF TABLES
3.1 Direct Accelerator Mass Spectrometer 8.1 Species and subspecies of Zea. 104
radiocarbon dates on early Cucurbita pepo
seeds in the Americas: Guilá Naquitz and
9.1 Cassava samples used in analyses. 127
Phillips Spring. 28
9.2 Summary of variation in the nuclear loci
across taxa. 128
4.1 Andean Chenopodiumtaxa. 33 9.3 Allele sharing between cassava and Manihot
4.2 Summary of published data on archaeological esculentassp. flabellifolia, by locus and across
Chenopodiumseed size and testa thickness all loci. 129
from early sites in the Andes and Eastern
North America. 35 10.1 Accessions used in the comparison of Allium
4.3 Modern Chenopodiumsamples. 38 ramosumand A. tuberosum. 138
4.4 Seed diameter (mm) for modern Chenopodium
Taxa. 39
11.1 List of oleaster populations analyzed, their
4.5 Summary data for modern Chenopodium
locations, the markers tested, and the
specimens from the southern Lake Titicaca
mitotype results. 144
Basin, Bolivia. 40
11.2 List of the cultivars studied. 146
4.6 Morphological characteristics of modern
11.3 Distribution of molecular markers in oleasters
Chenopodiumtaxa. 41
and olive cultivars. 147
11.4 Key for prediction of the wild vs. feral status
5.1 A key for bell-shaped starch granules from of any oleaster tree. 151
manioc and other species. 54
5.2 Starch grain size in modern wild and 12.1 Archaeological reports of oca tuber remains
domesticated Manihot. 57 or representations in art. 155
12.2 Diagnostic differences among the three
6.1 Radiocarbon dates recovered from excavated ncpGS sequence classes. 161
pits at the Nkang site. 70
6.2 Plant taxa represented in charcoal recovered 14.1 Revised fusion sequence and ages for goats. 193
from the Nkang site. 71 14.2 AMS dates on bones from Zagros sites. 194
6.3 Animal taxa represented at the Nkang site. 72 14.3 Long-bone fusion scores for goats and gazelles
6.4 Modern source material for Musaand Ensete from archaeological sites. 199
phytoliths. 73 14.4 Proportions of male and female goats in sites
6.5 Diagnostic morphological characters in from the Zagros. 201
phytoliths of Musaand Ensete, compared with 14.5 Proportions of unfused or fusing bones
the characters exhibited by the phytoliths among male and female goats in sites from
recovered from the Nkang site. 77 the Zagros. 201
7.1 Rondel phytolith taxonomy. 85 16.1 Matrix of dental morphology on South
7.2 Squared chord distance results of blind test American camelid incisors. 231
identifying cob types. 88 16.2 Archaeological sites in the South-Central
7.3 Squared chord distance results of replicability Andes. 236
tests. 88
7.4 Central and South American maize and 17.1 Mortality profiles for Bronze and Iron
residue samples. 91 Age horses. 250
ix