Doctor of Philosophy In Chemistry FAHEEM AHMAD

201 Pages·2016·12.47 MB·English

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL
STUDIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND
SYNTHESIS OF SOME SIMPLE HETEROCYCLIC
COMPOUNDS

THESIS

SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

Doctor of Philosophy
In
Chemistry

BY
FAHEEM AHMAD

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF
PROF. MEHTAB PARVEEN

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH (INDIA)
2016
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I, Faheem Ahmad, Department of Chemistry certify that the work embodied in
this Ph.D thesis is my own bonafide work carried out by me under the supervision of
Prof. Mehtab Parveen at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The matter embodied in
this Ph.D. thesis has not been submitted for the award of any other degree.
I declare that I have faithfully acknowledged, given credit to and referred to the
research workers wherever their works have been cited in the text and the body of the
thesis. I further certify that I have not willfully lifted up some other’s work, para, text,
data, result, etc. reported in the journals, books, magazines, reports, dissertations, thesis,
etc., or available at web-sites and included them in this Ph.D. thesis and cited as my own
work.

Date: (Signature of the candidate)
FAHEEM AHMAD
(Name of the candidate)

Certificate from the Supervisor
This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of
our knowledge.

Signature of the Supervisor:
Name & Designation: Dr. Mehtab Parveen, Professor
Department: CHEMISTRY

(Signature of the Chairman of the Department with seal)
COURSE/ COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION/ PRE-SUBMISSION
SEMINAR COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Faheem Ahmad, Department of Chemistry has
satisfactorily completed the course work/comprehensive examination and pre-
submission seminar requirement which is part of his Ph.D. programme.

Date: ……………. (Signature of the Chairman of the Department)
COPYRIGHT TRANSFER CERTIFICATE

Title of the Thesis: PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES
OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND SYNTHESIS OF SOME
SIMPLE HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

Candidate’s Name: FAHEEM AHMAD

Copyright Transfer
The undersigned hereby assigns to the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,
copyright that may exist in and for the above thesis submitted for the award of
Ph.D. degree.

(Signature of the Candidate)

Note: However, the author may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce material
extracted verbatim from the thesis or derivative of the thesis for author’s personal
use provided that the source and the university’s copyright notice are indicated
Dedicated to
My FAMILY
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This is probably the most difficult part of this work to write, because printed
words fail to express the depth of feelings hidden behind them and convey the
actual extent of influence others cast on one’s work or life. First and foremost,
I would like to express my deepest faith in Almighty ALLAH, the Omnipotent,
the Omnipresent for it is indeed His blessings which provided me enough zeal
to complete this work.
A debt of gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Mehtab Parveen, Department
of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, for her generosity, faith,
encouragement and excellent guidance, that has been instrumental in
completion of this thesis. The discussions with her were always a lifeline for
new thoughts. Her valuable suggestions added to the output of the research,
inspired me to have a better grip over my research field.
It is a matter of great contentment for me to recompense my sincere and
deep sense of appreciation to Prof. M. Mushfiq (Ex. Chairman), Department of
Chemistry, A.M.U., Aligarh for his momentous advices and suggestions during
my research. I cordially express my gratefulness to Dr. Mahboob Alam,
Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, South Korea, for his persistent
encouragement and support.
I am thankful to Prof. M. Shakir, Chairman, Department of Chemistry,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, for providing the necessary research
facilities.
I gratefully acknowledge the financial help from UGC in the form of
UGC Non-NET fellowship.
Thanks are due to USIF, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh for SEM and
TEM analysis and SAIF Punjab University, Chandigarh, for providing XRD,
NMR and Mass spectral facilities. Thanks also to CEMDRX Physics
Department, University of Coimbra, Portugal, for carrying out X-ray analysis
and Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, South Korea for biological
studies.
I render my special thanks to my lab colleagues Dr. Ali M. Malla, Shaista
Azaz and Afroz Aslam for their help, and coordination extended by them.
Thanks to all my dear friends Ruman Alam, Umair Alam, Mohd Nasir,
Shahbaz, Faraz, Abuzar, Waseem, Naushad, Nayeem, Asif, Khairu, Abad and all
those who have always stood by me.
Putting into words is rather restrictive, still I would like to owe my deep
sense of gratitude to my respected and beloved father Late Hafiz Abdul Rab
Mirza and mother Late Rabiya Begum with whom my learning process started
and who encouraged me to proceed along a path where untiring
determination stretches its arms towards perfection. I would like to express
my profound gratitude to all the family members especially my sisters, my
brothers Mirza Saquib, Nabeel Mirza, Dr. Mahmood Mirza and Nadeem Mirza
and my brother-in-law Dr. Shamshad Alam who have always been a source
of inspiration and encouragement.
Special thanks to my wife, who has been a bundle of joy in my life.

Faheem Ahmad
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
1. Two new phenolic compounds from Ficus rumphii and their antiproliferative
activity.
M. Parveen, A.M. Malla, M. Alam, Faheem Ahmad, P.S.P. Silva and M.R.
Silva, Natural Product Research, 2014, 28, 646-652.
2. Catalyst promoted synthesis, computational and enzyme inhibition studies
of coumarin esters.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla, M. Alam and D.U. Lee,
Catalysis Letters, 2014, 144, 2091-2106.
3. Solvent-free, [Et3NH][HSO4] catalyzed facile synthesis of hydrazone
derivatives.
M. Parveen, S. Azaz, A.M. Malla, Faheem Ahmad, P.S.P. Silva and M.R.
Silva, New Journal of Chemistry, 2015, 39, 469-481.
4. SiO2-H3BO3 promoted solvent-free, green and sustainable synthesis of
bioactive 1-substituted-1H-tetrazole analogues.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla and S. Azaz, New Journal of
Chemistry, 2015, 39, 2028-2041.
5. [Et3NH][HSO4]-catalyzed eco-friendly and expeditious synthesis of
thiazolidine and oxazolidine derivatives.
A.M. Malla, M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, S. Azaz and M. Alam, RSC
Advances, 2015, 5, 19552-19569.
6. [Et3NH][HSO4]-mediated functionalization of hippuric acid: an
unprecedented approach to 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolones.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla, S. Azaz, M.R. Silva and P.S.P.
Silva, RSC Advances, 2015, 5, 52330-52346.
7. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Fraxinus
excelsior leaf extract and its antioxidant assay.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla and S. Azaz, Applied
Nanoscience, 2016, 6, 267-276.
8. SiO2/ZnBr2 mediated expeditious approach to 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-
pyrazol-5(4H)-one derivatives in water under microwave irradiation.
M. Parveen, S. Azaz, A.M. Malla, Faheem Ahmad, M. Ahmad and M.
Gupta, RSC Advances, 2016, 6, 148-162.
9. Synthesis, X-ray Crystallography, Spectroscopic (FT-IR, 1H & 13C NMR and
UV), computational (DFT/B3LYP) and enzymes inhibitory studies of 7-
Hydroximinocholest-5-en-3-ol acetate.
Faheem Ahmad, M. Parveen, M. Alam, S. Azaz, A.M. Malla, M.J. Alam,
D.U. Lee and S. Ahmad, Journal of Molecular Structure, 2016, 1116,
317-332.
10. Structure elucidation and DNA binding specificity of natural compounds
from Cassia siamea leaves: A biophysical approach.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla, M.S. Khan, S.U. Rehman, M.
Tabish, M.R. Silva and P.S.P. Silva, Journal of Photochemistry and
Photobiology B: Biology, 2016, 159, 218-228.
11. Silica bonded N-(propylcarbamoyl)sulfamic acid (SBPCSA) mediated
expeditious approach to C-C bond formation: An innovative pathway for
acrylonitrile derivatives.
M. Parveen, S. Azaz, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla, M. Alam, Catalysis
Letters, 2016, 146, 1687–1705.
12. Acetylcholinesterase and cytotoxic activity of chemical constituents of Clutia
lanceolata leaves and its molecular docking study.
M. Parveen, Faheem Ahmad, A.M. Malla, S. Azaz, M. Alam, O.A. Basodan,
M.R. Silva and P.S.P. Silva, Natural Products and Bioprospecting (Minor
Revision).
CONTENTS

CHAPTER-1 :
General Introduction 1-30

CHAPTER-2 :
Phytochemical Constituents of Cassia siamea 31-64
Leaves and Their Biological Study

CHAPTER-3 : Phytochemical Constituents of Clutia 65-87
lanceolata Leaves and Their Biological Study

CHAPTER-4 :
SiO -H SO Catalysed Synthesis of 88-122
2 2 4
Coumarin Esters

CHAPTER-5 : SiO -H BO Promoted Synthesis of Tetrazole 123-155
2 3 3
Analogues

CHAPTER-6 :
Ionic Liquid Mediated Synthesis of 156-185

Oxazolone Derivatives