discourse analysis of argumentation from an english/arabic translation perspective PDF
Preview discourse analysis of argumentation from an english/arabic translation perspective
DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF ARGUMENTATION FROM AN ENGLISH/ARABIC TRANSLATION PERSPECTIVE Presented tothe facultyof the AmericanUniversityof Sharjah College ofArts andScience inpartial fulfilmentofthe requirementsfor thedegree MASTER OFARTS by SUMAYAADAMEISA B.Sc.1983 Sharjah,UAE June 2008 1 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation 2 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation 3 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation DISCOURSEANALYSISOF ARGUMENTATIONFROM AN ENGLISH/ARABICPERSPECTIVE SumayaAdam Eisa,Candidate forthe Masterof ArtsDegree American Universityof Sharjah,2008 ABSTRACT This thesis explores whether Arab translators translate argumentative discourse adequately. The study examines the degree of awareness among translators of the genre conventions embedded in the argumentative English source texts. As a persuasive genre, counter-argumentation contains certain conventions used by the media to persuade an ever more sophisticated readership. Untrained practitioners are probably unaware of the determinant semiotics. Asa result, most translated editorials and opinion columns often tend to lose their persuasive vigour.For its framework for analysis, the study draws on rhetoric genre studies, critical discourse analysis and discussionsof the translation of editorials/opinioncolumns fromsome serious western press publications,namely the Economist,Financial Times, Project Syndicate website and other sites, together with their translations in Majalat Al Majala, Al Khaleej newspaper, and Project Syndicate translations respectively. The study reveals that Arab translators often literally replace or transfer the equivalent meaning of argumentative texts fromthe English intoArabic.They seem toconcentrate mostly on aesthetic, rhetorical, semantic and eloquent aspects of the target language writing rather than the underlying notions of argumentation of the source language. These textual and intertextual practices are closely related to the other existing practices in massmedia. The study thus, aims to uncover gaps inthe translation of argumentation genre. In doing so,it seeks to addto the contrastive linguistic research that ismoving beyond the text and into the context of the production and publication industry. Therefore, the study calls for specialized media translation to revolutionize, not only the translation of persuasive genres but writing tradition as a whole. Arab commentators,translators,writers,and publisherstherefore need tobe genre awarefor theirmessagesto getthrough. 4 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation CONTENTS 1 .................................................................................................................. 1 2 DISCOURSEANALYSISOF ARGUMENTATIONFROM............... 2 3 ANENGLISH/ARABICPERSPECTIVE.............................................. 2 3.1 ABSTRACT............................................................................................. 2 3.2 CONTENTS............................................................................................. 2 3.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................ 3.4 DEDICATION......................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER ONE...................................................................................... 4.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 4.1.1 ImportanceoftheResearch Area.................................................................................... 4.1.2 1.2.ConventionsofArgumentation................................................................................ 4.1.3 1.3.SignificanceoftheStudy......................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER TWO..................................................................................... 5.1 Reviewof the Literature........................................................................... 5.1.1 2.1.SourceOrientedTranslationStudies........................................................................ 5.1.2 TargetOrientedTranslationStudies................................................................................ 5.1.3 Metatext/Metadiscourse inTranslation.......................................................................... 5.1.4 TheNotionsofText,Register,DiscourseandGenrein theTranslationStrategy........... 6 CHAPTER THREE................................................................................. 6.1 Argumentation Studies............................................................................. 6.1.1 3.1.Overview.................................................................................................................. 6.1.2 Argumentationin Arabic................................................................................................ 6.1.3 Counter-argumentation................................................................................................... 6.1.4 MassMedia..................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER FOUR................................................................................... 7.1 Theoretical FrameworkandMethodology............................................... 7.1.1 TheAnalyticalMethodology........................................................................................... 7.1.2 IdentificationoftheArgumentativeText........................................................................ 7.1.3 Analysisofthetranslation............................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER FIVE..................................................................................... 5 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation 8.1 Findingsand Discussion........................................................................... 8.1.1 Pre-suppositionoftheTransparent Model...................................................................... 9 CHAPTER SIX........................................................................................ 9.1 Conclusion............................................................................................... 9.1.1 Recommendations........................................................................................................... 10 REFERENCES........................................................................................ 10.1 AppendixA.............................................................................................. 10.1.1 ArgumentativeIndicators................................................................................................ 10.1.2 Indicatorsoftheconfrontationstage:............................................................................. 10.1.3 Indicatorsthataccompany supports,orminor propositions:.......................................... 10.1.4 Indicatorsofmultipleargumentationor(supports):........................................................ 10.1.5 Indicatorstointroduceanargumentassuperfluous:...................................................... 10.1.6 Indicatorsofenumeration:............................................................................................... 10.1.7 Indicatorsofinduction:................................................................................................... 10.1.8 IndicatorsofDeduction................................................................................................... 10.1.9 Indicatorstoaddanotherargumentto apreviousone:.................................................... 10.1.10 Specificindicators:.......................................................................................................... 10.1.11 UnconditionalconcessionIndicators.............................................................................. 10.1.12 Argumentativerhetoricalquestions................................................................................. 10.1.13 Expressionsthatexpressanopinion............................................................................... 10.1.14 Expressionsthatrepresentsconjecture:........................................................................... 10.1.15 Indicatorsoftheconcludingstage:.................................................................................. 10.1.16 Indicatorsannouncemaintaining ofastandpoint:........................................................... 10.1.17 Indicatorsthatannounce withdrawalordefeat:.............................................................. 10.1.18 Indicatorsannouncerefusal ofsurrender......................................................................... 10.1.19 Fallacies........................................................................................................................... 10.2 AppendixB............................................................................................... 10.3 AModelfor Writing Editorials/Opinions................................................. 10.4 AppendixC............................................................................................... 10.4.1 ThroughArgumentation.................................................................................................. 10.5 AppendixD.............................................................................................. 10.5.1 ArabicEmphatics............................................................................................................ 10.6 AppendixE............................................................................................... 10.6.1 Additionalexamplesofflawed translation...................................................................... 10.7 AppendixF............................................................................................... 10.7.1 ArabicandEnglishArticlesCitedintheThesis.............................................................. 6 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation 10.8 VITA........................................................................................................ 7 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation TABLES Table Page 1â¸ExampleofThrough-ArgumentativeText 19 2â¸TheTransparent-Model 32 3â¸Differentiation betweentheProtagonistandAntagonist 36 4â¸Theuseofemphaticsasconjunctions 38 5â¸Theuseofsuccessiveemphatics 39 6â¸Identificationofsuccessivemini-supports 40 7â¸HighlightingMarkedness 41 8â¸Explicatingassertivetools 41 9â¸Implicitcounterargument 43 10⸠Implicitadversative andconcessivetools 46 11⸠TranslationofExpressivess 47 12⸠Theliteraltranslationofemphatics 49 13⸠Moreexamplesofemphatics’literaltranslation 51 14⸠Thetranslationofofcourse 51 15⸠AModelforwritingeditorials/opinions 75 8 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Writing an MA thesis isnot easy. During the time of writing, I have received support frommany people.In particular,I am profoundlyindebted tomysupervisor,Professor Basil Hatim, the thesis advisor who has been very generous with his time and knowledge. Professor Hatim gave me advice both in person and through email. I would also like to extend thanks to Dr. Said Faiq, Committee member, Dr. Gavin Picken, Committee member and Professor Fatima Badry, Director of CAS Graduate Programs, and those who extended help in different ways. I am also grateful to the College of Arts and Science of the American University of Sharjah. Finally, but not least, thanks go to my whole family who have been an important and indispensable sourceof spiritual support. 9 DiscourseAnalysisof Argumentation DEDICATION I lovemyfamily.Thisthesisisdedicated tothem. 10
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