Table Of Content

Surrent 3 Yearbook 1988 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 http://www.archive.org/details/currentbiogr198800mori , Current "Biography YearbooK 1988 EDITOR Charles Moritz ASSOCIATE EDITORS Henry Sloan Kieran Dugan Judith Graham Hilary Claggett Robert Schuck ASSISTANT EDITOR Irene C. Park THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY NEW YORK « FORTY-NINTH ANNUAL CUMULATION—1988 PRINTEDINTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA InternationalStandardSerialNo. (0084-9499) LibraryofCongress CatalogCardNo. (40-27432) Copyright © 1988, 1989 by The H. W. Wilson Company. All rights reserved. No part ofthisworkmaybereproducedorcopiedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingbut — notrestrictedtographic, electronic, andmechanical forexample, photocopying, re- — cording, taping, or information and retrieval systems without the express written permission of the publisher, except that a reviewer may quote and a magazine or newspapermay printbriefpassagesaspartofa reviewwritten specificallyforinclu- sion in that magazine or newspaper. PREFACE The aim ofCurrentBiography Yearbook1988, likethatoftheprecedingvolumesinthisseries ofannual dictionaries ofcontemporarybiography, now in its fifth decade ofpublication, is to providethereferencelibrarian,thestudent,oranyresearcherwithbrief,objective,accurate,and well-documented biographical articles about hving leaders in all fields ofhuman accomplish- menttheworldover. Wheneverfeasible, obituarynoticesappearforpersonswhosebiographies havebeenpublishedinCurrentBiography, andeveryattemptismadetopickupobituariesthat have inadvertentlybeen omittedin previous years. CurrentBiography Yearbook1988carriesonthepolicyofincludingnewandupdatedbiographi- calsketchesthatsupersedeorupdateearher,outdatedarticles.Sketcheshavebeenmadeasaccu- rate and objective as possible through carefiil researching by Current Biography writers in newspapers^ magazines, authoritative reference books, and news releases ofboth government andprivateagencies. Immediatelyaftertheyarepublishedintheelevenmonthlyissues,articles aresubmittedtobiographeestogivethemanopportimitytosuggestcorrectionsintimeforpubh- cation ofthe CurrentBiography Yearbook. To take accountofmajorchanges in the careers of biographees, sketcheshavealsobeenrevisedbeforetheyareincludedintheyearbook. Withthe exception ofoccasional interviews, the questionnaire filled out by the biographee remains the primary source ofdirectinformation. Somepersonswhoarenotprofessionalauthorsbutwhohavewrittenbooksareincludedunder Nonfictioninadditiontotheirvocationalfields.TheannualbestowalofNobelPrizeshasadded articlestothevolume. ThepagesimmediatelyfollowingcontainExplanations;KeytoReference Abbreviations;KeytoPronunciation;andKeytoAbbreviations.Theindexesattheendofthevol- ume are Biographical References; Periodicals and Newspapers Consulted; Classification by Profession;andCumulatedIndex—1981-1988. CurrentBiographyCumulatedIndex1940-1985 cumulatesandsupersedesallpreviousindexes,andthereaderwillneedtoconsultonlythatin- I dex in orderto locate a name within that period oftime. Fortheir assistance in preparing CurrentBiography Yearbook1988, I shouldliketothankthe associate editors. Charles Moritz F ODNS JWR Explanations Authoritiesforbiographees' fullnames, withsomeexceptions, arethebibliographicalpublica- tionsofTheWilsonCompany.Whenabiographeeprefersacertainnameform,thatisindicated intheheadingofthearticle:forexample,Niemoller,(FriedrichGustavEmil)Martinmeansthat heisusuallyreferredtoasMartinNiemoller.Whenaprofessionalnameisusedintheheading, as, for example,Anne Bancroft, therealname (in thiscase Annemarie Italiano) appearsin the article itself. Theheadingofeacharticleincludesthepronunciationofthenameifitisunusual,dateofbirth (if obtainable], and occupation. The article is supplemented by a list of references to sources ofbiographicalinformation,intwoalphabets:(1)newspapersandperiodicalsand(2)books.(See the section BiographicalReferences, found in the rear of this volume.) Key to Reference Abbreviations References to some newspapers and periodicals are listed in abbreviated form; for example, "SatEvePost217:14S30'44por"meansSaturdayEveningPost,volume217,page14,September 30, 1944, with portrait. (Forfullnames, see the section PeriodicalsandNewspapersConsulted, found in the rear of this volume.) Januar\'—Ja July-Jl Journal— — M —M February' August—Ag agazine ag March—Mr September— Monthly—Mo — April—Ap October Portrait—por May—My November— Weekly— — — June—Je December Review Key to Pronunciation a ale 6 old menu (m8-nu); Ger- a care 6 orb man u, as ingrun a add odd a arm oi oil 9 the schwa, an un- eevned 00o00u oofouootzle ssternetsisnegdtvhoewseolunrdeprteha-t is spelled g go th then a as in sofa th thin e as in fitted 1 ice i as in edible i ill u cube as in melon K (GieK)rman ch as in ich u ujrenu;(Fzrhiejn),chGeeru,maasni6n, u as in circus oe, as in schon (shun). zh azure N Not pronounced, but Goethe(gu'te) indicates the nasal u tub = main accent tone of the preceding u Pronounced approxi- = secondary accent vowel, as in the mately as e, with French ban (boN) rounded lips: French u, as in