Table Of Content

CURRENT BIOGRAPHY I960 WITH INDEX 1951-1960 wa^am w CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1960 c/M-oZ CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK I960 EDITED BY CHARLES MORITZ THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY NEW YORK, N. Y. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL CUMULATION—1960 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA © Copyright I960, 1961 by THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY Library of Congress Catalog Card No. (40-27432) Reasonable quotation is permitted provided due credit is given to CURRENT BIOGRAPHY Preface With the appearance of this twenty-first annual volume of Current Biography, the publication enters its third decade. Like its prede- cessors, the volume covers some forty subject fields, ranging from the Madison Avenue world of advertising to the Broadway world of the theater. Winners of the 1960 Nobel Prizes and Pulitzer Prizes are again the subjects of biographical sketches. An important difference between the I960 CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK and the volumes preceding it i> the increased number of revised biographical sketches. As time goes on. more and more person^ who appeared in the Current Biography yearbooks of the early 1940's need new articles bringing their careers up to date. The number of revised articles in the twenty-first volume more than triples the number included in the twentieth yearbook. There are updated biographical sketches on such figures of international interest as: Dr. Franz Alexander. Charles de Gaulle. Harold C. Urev, Marcel Breuer, Lillian Hellman. James Thurber, Frank Sinatra. Van Wyck Brooks. Marc Chagall, and many others. The new articles supersede the earlier ones, now outdated. Sketches have been made as accurate and objective as possible through careful researching by Current BIOGRAPHY writers in newspapers, maga- zines, authoritative reference books, and the news releases of government agencies. Immediately after their publication in monthly issues, the articles are submitted to the biographees to give them an opportunitv to suggest corrections in time for Current BIOGRAPHY Yearbook. Sketches have also been revised before inclusion in the yearbook to take account of major changes in the careers of biographees. With the exception of occasional interviews, the questionnaire remains the main source of direct information. In the back of the volume under Organizations can be found the heads of veterans, industrial, fraternal, and professional organizations. Persons who are not authors by profession but who have written books are listed under Nonfiction or Literature in addition to their primary voca- tional fields. The pages following contain: Explanation; Key to Reference Ab- breviations; Key tn Pronunciation; and Key to Abbreviations. The indexes at the end of the volume are: Biographical References (consulted by Current Biography research staff); Periodicals ami Newspapers Con- sulted; Necrology (of persons whose biographies have appeared in previ- ous volumes); Classification by Pr ession; Cumulated Index. 1951-1960. The 1940 1950 fndex can be found in the 1950 Yearbook. HARLES Ml >RITZ I W F ODNS J RJ Explanations Authorities for biographees' full names, with some exceptions, are the bibliographical publications of The Wilson Company. When a biographee prefers a certain name form, that is indicated in the heading of the article: for example, Armstrong-Jones, Antony (Charles Robert) means that he is usually referred to as Antony Armstrong-Jones. When a professional name is used in the heading, as for example, Anne Bancroft, the real name (in this case Annemarie Italiano) appears in the article itself. The heading of each article includes the pronunciation of the name if it is unusual, date of birth (if obtainable), and occupation. The article is supplemented by a list of references to sources of biographical information, in two alphabets: (I) newspapers and periodicals and (2) books. See the section Biographical References. KEY TO REFERENCE ABBREVIATIONS References to newspapers and periodicals are listed in abbreviated form; for example, "Sat Eve Post 217:14-15 S 30 '44 por" means Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, pages 14-15, September 60, 1944, with portrait. (For full names, see the section Periodicals and Newspapers Consulted, found in the rear of this volume.) — — January —Ja July—Jl— Journal — February August Ag Magazine Mag- March—Mr September— Monthly—Mo April—Ap October— Weekly— May—My November— Portrait—por — — — June Je December Review KEY TO PRONUNCIATION /Based on Webster's Guide to Pronunciation* a aie n Not pronounced, u urn; French eu. as a care but indicates the in jeu (zhQ); Ger- a tdd nasal tone of the man 6. oe. as in d Account preceding vowel. schon (shun), a arm as in the French Goethe (gu'te) a ask bon (box). ii tub a sofa u circus e eve 5 oolrdb (1 Pprrooxniomuantceeldy aaps-S. e end 5 odd with rounded lips: e maker ooio ooiolze mFreennuch(mue.-nua's);in K go do fdbt German ii, as in ou out grim IIK iGi11cc1eherm(aIkn).ch as in tuthh ctthuhiebnne z'"h== amszeaucironendaacrcyenatccent (•Exceptions : th in then; main and secondary accents.)