completed in the 1966-1967 academic year. and current research that was projects underway in ...

227 Pages·2012·6.95 MB·English

DOCUMENT
RESUME
ED 029 587
HE 000 761
By-Heckman. Dale M.: Martin. Warren aryan
Inventory of Current Research on Higher Education 1968.
California Univ.. Berkeley. Center for Research and Development in Higher Education.: Carnegie Commission on
the Future of Higher Education. Berkeley. Calif.
Pub Date 12 Oct 68
Note- 226p.
EDRS Price MF-$1.00 HC-$11.40
Descriptors"Educational Research. *Higher Education. *Research Projects. *Research Reviews (Publications)
Research projects on higher education are listed in this inventory within the
appropriate subsections of 8 main subject headings: students, faculty. administrators.
structures, functions, governance, graduate and professional education, and higher
education in the marketplace
supply and demand. money and manpower. The report
supplements efforts by ERIC. the Science Information Exchange. and the United
Kingdom's British Register of Research into Higher Education. It contains research
1966-1967 academic year. and current research that was
completed
the
in
1968. The current research includes 90
cataloged between July 1967 and ...lune
projects underway in various parts of the world. Project listings include title of
project. name of principal researcher, the responsible institution, chief source of
funds, approximate beginning and terminal dates, and a brief summary of the
research. To provide a longitudinal perspective for the inventory, a historical
statement on the development of research on higher education in this century is being
prepared. This statement will be published separately. The inventory is available at
$2.75 per copy from the McGraw-Hill Book Company. 330 W. 42nd Street. New York.
New York 10036. (WM)
wm.lor 1-
40
EDUCATION
CARNEGIE COMMISSION ON HIGHER
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE
OFFICE OF EDUCATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE
PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.
POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS
Vt.)
STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION
POSITION OR POLICY.
INVENTORY OF CURRENT kESEARCH
ON HIGHER EDUCATION
1968
I
."
"If educational research is to become
a national resource
. .
11,M11114..<
INVENTORY OF
CURRENT RESEARCH
ON HIGHER EDUCATION
1968
Dale M. Heckman
Warren Bryan Martin
A project sponsored jointly by the
Carnegie Commission on the Future of Higher Education
and the Center for Research and Development in Higher Education,
University of California, Berkeley.
McGraw-Hill Book Company
New York
San Francisco
St. Louis
Toronto
London
Sydney
Additional copies of this publication
may be ordered from the
McGraw-Hill Book Company
330 W. 42nd St.
New York, New York 10036
The price is $2.75 per copy.
Printed in the United States of America
PREFACE
It is fitting that one of the first publications of the Carnegie
Commission on Higher Education is this Inventory of Current Research.
In addifion to its own research efforts, the Commission is relying
in large part upon the important work that individuals, organizations,
and government agencies are carrying out in the field of higher
education. We are hopeful that this excellent compilation will
also be useful to other researchers and educators.
The Commission wishes to express its appreciation and gratitude
to the authors and their colleagues at the Center for Research and
Development in Higher Education for developing this valuable aid
to all those interested in the field of higher education.
Clark Kerr
Chairman, The Carnegie Commission
on the Future of Higher Education
December, 1968
FOREWORD
If educational research is to become a national resource, making research
projects known to administrators, faculty, and other participants in the
educational enterprise ranks in importance with the research itself.
To this end:
The Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), a division of the
United States Office of Education, collects research reports in a wide variety
of fields and for different kinds of education. ERIC also regularly publishes
a current projects index for research funded under government contracts.
The Science Information Exchange, which, like ERIC, is based in
Washington, D.C., operates a data retrieval program for research currently
underway in the natural and physical sciences, and in the social and behavioral
sciences. The SIE data bank contains information on research that has been
commissioned through federal contracts as well as data submitted voluntarily
by many private agencies and research centers. SIE can provide reports on
the inception of projects on higher education, and, if projects are renewed, SIE
may also have information on the progress of such projects.
In England, the Society for Research into Higher Education publishes
This
on a regular basis the Register of Research into Higher Education.
publication gives a cumulative record of current projects in the United Kingdom.
There are also compilations of research in other European countries, such
published by the
as the Register of Ongoing Research in the Social Sciences,
Social Sciences Council of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, which
include reports of higher education.
The American Library Association's Clearinghouse of Library Research
collects information on research projects underway in the field of their interest.
These several programs are representative of what is being done to make
educational research known, to encourage its utilization, and to provide a
basis for the coordination of research projects.
* *
*
*
Soon after the Carnegie Commission on the Future of Higher Education
began its deliberations, in 1967, the Center for Research and Development in
Higher Education, University of California, Berkeley, was authorized by the
Commission to undertake an inventory of current research on higher education.
This inventory was to supplement work being done by ERIC, SIE, and
others, at a time when social malaise and rapid educational changes made the
need for information, and for sources of information, crucial to everyone
concerned for the future of higher education.
The irwentory, additionally, would provide research contacts that might
produce data for particular projects undertaken by the Carnegie Commission.
Informed about the work being done by other researchers, the Commission
could avoid duplication of effort and relate more effectively to concurrent
research projects.
The special advantage in the inventory, from the perspective of the Center,
lead to a better
was the possibility that this compilation of research might
coordination between what was being done elsewhere with ongoing work
at Berkeley.
The plan called for concentration on current research on higher education.
By "current" was meant research for which no final report was yet available.
"Research," for the purpose of the inventory, was described as careful or
studious inquiry, usually employing the methodology of the behavioral sciences,
yet including qualitative as well as quantitative consideration, developmental
or demonstration models as well as empirical data. Research, development,
and dissemination have been defined by one Center committee as follows:
Research at the Center for Research and Developnwnt in Higher Education,
University of California, Berkeley, uses the methodologies of the behavioral sciences
to investigate problems in higher education which may have significance for the
content, forms, and goals of education. This involves the identification of fundamental
educational issues and the design of suitable methods for guiding the research
and development effort.
Development at the Center applies research findings, where appropriate, to the end
that these data may become nationwide resources. The precondition for such an
accomplishment is research which has both theoretical integrity and practical
relevance. The outcome of developnwnt may take the form of concepts, processes, or
products, but, whatever the form, developmental conceptualizations should be
informed by research and be themselves researchable. As development proceeds from
research, so research benefits from development.
Dissemination at the Center communicates the substance of research to appropriate
audiences by the most effective media available. Thus, dissemination is informational,
while research and developwent are formational. But the total process becomes
transactional as research is disseminated through development programs to meet
needs in the field and as recipients, in turn, pose problems that contain new
research challenges.
"Higher education" was defined as postsecondary education in institutional
and noninstitutional forms, but with emphasis on junior colleges and
four-year colleges and universities; undergraduate, graduate, and professional
programs; and educational agencies, institutes and centers.
The need to put current research on higher education into a context that would
provide both foreground and background prompted inventory personnel to
add three features to the inventory: First, an attempt was made to probe
research on higher education tl:at had been carried out in the academic year
preceding the year of the inventory. Subsequently, 135 research projects
completed in 1966-67 were compiled and prepared for inclusion in this report.
Those actually used appear under the appropriate categories and subsections.
Second, to provide the longitudinal perspective for the inventory, a historical
statement on the development of research on higher education in this century
is being prepared. It will be published separately.
vu
Educational research in other nations was the third dimension of the inventory.
While it was understood that it would be impossible in one year to do
it was thought important to supplement
more than sample the work underway,
Register
ERIC's coverage of research originating in this country and th 3 British
with an exploratory
of Research into Higher Education for the United Kingdom
with
investigation of research in many nations. Therefore, contact was made
90 projects ongoing
311 researchers in 60 countries, and the inventory contains
in various parts of the world.
Given the concentration on research for which no final report was yet
made
available, and thus being limited to partial information, no attempt was
listed. Information
in the inventory to judge the quality of individual projects
designs, the usefulness
often was unavailable concerning the adequacy of project
these matters
of testing instruments employed, the way data were handled, or,
researchers at the time their projects were filed
were not yet determined by the
with the inventory.
921 projects of
During the year of the in7entory (July 1967June 1968),
cataloged. The total number of
current research on higher education were
"principal researchers" listed was 1,020.
eight subject
For the purposes of this report, projects have been grouped under
research
categories, categories which conform roughly to the way current
of most categories.
projects tended to cluster. There are also subdivisions
and administrators.
Chapters I, II, and III feature research on students, faculty,
associational
While most of the projects listed in these sections of the report are
social and organizational
in emphasis, that is, they relate the person or group to
understood
factors, the main emphasis of the research in these categories was
to put it
by inventory personnel to be on personalities more than programs, or,
personalities.
another way, the emphasis is on the affect of programs on
their projects
Information provided by researchers concerning the funding of
of the
showed that 307 projects were funded wholly or in part by one or more
from state sources;
federal agencies; financial support for 79 projects came
for research in
foundations were involved in financing 76 projects; the money
70 projects relied
323 cases came at least in part from institutional sources;
from sources other
mainly on pelsonal funding; 85 projects involved support
projects was not made
than those listed above; and the financial backing for 46
funding, and
known on the inventory questionnaire. Multiple sources of
for
sketchy reporting of information dealing with the financial arrangements
of data on this matter. The
research, made difficult the accurate compilation
incomplete.
preceding review, therefore, must be understood to be
it difficult to locate them within
The nature of certain research projects mr.de
has been that some projects from 1966=67, albeit
a single category. The result
listed once only
few, have been listed more than once, while most projects were
central conceptual
and, as far as could be determined, according to their
tendency.
research projects was normally
The information in the description of individual
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